Abstract
This review will focus on drugs useful in the chemotherapy of ocular viral infections. Three drugs now approved for the treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis, iododeoxyuridine (IdUrd), adenine arabinoside (ara-A), and trifluorothymidine (CF3dUrd), will be discussed. In addition, several agents now under development, acycloguanosine (acyclovir), ethyldeoxyuridine (EtdUrd), bromovinyldeoxyuridine (BVdUrd), 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-βarabinosyl)-5-iodo-cytosine (FIAC), 5-iodo-5′-amino-2′,5′-dideoxyuridine (AIdUrd), and the phos-phonates will be reviewed. Each of these compounds was chosen for a particular reason. Acyclovir is a highly unusual acyclic guanosine derivative and is a most promising antiviral agent. Bromovinyldeoxyuridine, EtdUrd, and FIAC represent new pyrimidine derivatives which possess higher degrees of antiviral selectivity than the two thymidine analogs now available (CF3dUrd, IdUrd). 5-Iodo-5′-amino-2′,5′-dideoxyuridine is a novel amino nucleoside that is activated only in herpes-infected cells. The phosphonates, in contrast, are not nucleosides, neither are they metabolized, and they represent inhibitors of the virally induced DNA polymerases. Such highly specific chemotherapy is not available for the treatment of ocular tumors and this topic will be only briefly discussed.
Keywords
- Herpes Simplex Virus
- Herpes Simplex Virus Type
- Thymidine Kinase
- Antimicrob Agent
- Thymidine Kinase Activity
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Fischer, P.H., Prusoff, W.H. (1984). Chemotherapy of Ocular Viral Infections and Tumors. In: Sears, M.L. (eds) Pharmacology of the Eye. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 69. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69222-2_13
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