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Cyclic Nucleotides in the Control of Glucagon Secretion

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Glucagon II

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 66 / 2))

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Abstract

One is probably on safe ground in thinking that cyclic AMP is somehow intimately involved in the mechanisms by which glucagon is secreted by the A-cells of the islets of Langerhans. This is largely based upon the assumption that A-cell secretory mechanisms are unlikely to be very different from those of other cells in which a role for cyclic AMP has been more firmly established (Catt and Dufau 1981; Sharp 1979). It is also based upon an enlarging body of indirect evidence which will be discussed in the following sections, but unfortunately little direct biochemical support is presently available. A-cells along with D-cells and pancreatic polypeptide-containing (PP)-cells represent a minority of the islet cell population (ORCI and Perrelet 1981) and this has made it very difficult to carry out direct biochemical measurements. Propably the best approach has been to use the toxins streptozotocin and alloxan which destroy most of the majority B-cell population and leave small islets containing mostly A-cells (Howell et al. 1974; Matschinsky et al. 1976 a, b; Ă–stenson 1979). Even then the proportion of A-cells is still 70% or less of the total number of residual cells, with most of the others probably being D-cells. Howell et al. (1974) used such islets from streptozotocin-treated guinea pigs and were able to measure adenylate cyclase activity, which was stimulated by epinephrine and potassium fluoride. They also found evidence for cyclic AMP-de-pendent protein kinase activity in these islets. This appears to be the only direct biochemical work published on cyclic AMP and the A-cell and the more indirect approaches are discussed throughout this chapter.

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Authors
  1. G. C. Weir
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Liège, Boulevard de la Constitution, 66, 4020, Liège, Belgium

    Pierre J. Lefebvre M.D. (Professor of Medicine, Guest Professor, Corresponding Member, Chairman, Head) (Professor of Medicine, Guest Professor, Corresponding Member, Chairman, Head)

  2. University of Brussels (V.U.B.), Boulevard de la Constitution, 66, 4020, Liège, Belgium

    Pierre J. Lefebvre M.D. (Professor of Medicine, Guest Professor, Corresponding Member, Chairman, Head) (Professor of Medicine, Guest Professor, Corresponding Member, Chairman, Head)

  3. Royal Academy of Medicine of Belgium, Boulevard de la Constitution, 66, 4020, Liège, Belgium

    Pierre J. Lefebvre M.D. (Professor of Medicine, Guest Professor, Corresponding Member, Chairman, Head) (Professor of Medicine, Guest Professor, Corresponding Member, Chairman, Head)

  4. Medical Policlinics, University of Liège, Boulevard de la Constitution, 66, 4020, Liège, Belgium

    Pierre J. Lefebvre M.D. (Professor of Medicine, Guest Professor, Corresponding Member, Chairman, Head) (Professor of Medicine, Guest Professor, Corresponding Member, Chairman, Head)

  5. Division of Diabetes, University of Liège, Boulevard de la Constitution, 66, 4020, Liège, Belgium

    Pierre J. Lefebvre M.D. (Professor of Medicine, Guest Professor, Corresponding Member, Chairman, Head) (Professor of Medicine, Guest Professor, Corresponding Member, Chairman, Head)

  6. Institut de Médecine, Hôpital de Bavière, Boulevard de la Constitution, 66, 4020, Liège, Belgium

    Pierre J. Lefebvre M.D. (Professor of Medicine, Guest Professor, Corresponding Member, Chairman, Head) (Professor of Medicine, Guest Professor, Corresponding Member, Chairman, Head)

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© 1983 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Weir, G.C. (1983). Cyclic Nucleotides in the Control of Glucagon Secretion. In: Lefebvre, P.J. (eds) Glucagon II. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 66 / 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69019-8_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69019-8_5

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