The Synergetics of Actin-Myosin in Active Streaming and Muscle Contraction

Abstract

The engine is an apparatus which converts chemical energy of fuel to mechanical energy of a macroscopic body. In conventional thermal engines, the process of conversion of chemical energy to mechanical energy proceeds via two steps: chemical energy is first transformed into thermal energy in the form of high temperature gases or vapors, which is then further transformed into mechanical energy. In the latter process, temperature inside the engine must be kept higher than outside temperature. Thus, a thermal engine requires the presence of temperature difference between inside and outside thereof. Although thermal engines are capable of producing a high power, the efficiency of involved chemo-mechanical conversion is not quite high.