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Cyclic Nucleotides in the Immune Response

  • Chapter
Cyclic Nucleotides

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 58 / 2))

Overview

Cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP have been implicated as serving modulatory roles in a variety of immune functions. These include the activation of lymphocytes by both mitogenic lectins and antigens, the maturation of lymphocytes into antibody producing B cells or helper, suppressor and effector T cells, the production of specific antibody, and the action of a variety of cytotoxic T cells. In many of these studies the general rule has been that an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP concentration inhibits a particular immune response while an increase in intracellular GMP augments the response. However, as more data have emerged, this hypothesis has frequently not held true. To a large extent, studies of cyclic nucleotide action in the immune response have been compromised because of the marked complexity associated with immune function. That is, five or six individual cell types and as many soluble mediators may interact to produce a cellular or humoral immune response. As a result, investigations have indicated that cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP may enhance, inhibit or have no effect on the immune response, depending upon the timing of the stimulation by these nucleotides and upon the system being tested. Even in simplier systems, controversy has arisen; thus, data indicating a significant role for both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in lymphocyte activation, growth and development have been presented. In some instances, differences in experimental results have been interpreted as resulting from an examination of different lymphocyte subpopulations, while in others it has been proposed that a given cyclic nucleotide may have multiple effects on lymphocyte function due to intracellular compartmentalization of the nucleotide. Thus, although it is clear that cyclic nucleotides play an important mediator or modulatory roles at various stages in the immune response, the exact nature of cyclic nucleotide action remains to be elucidated.

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  1. H. J. Wedner
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biochemical Neuropharmacology Unit, National Institutes of Health, Room 5c 108/Bldg. 10, Bethesda, MD, 20205, USA

    John W. Kebabian

  2. Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA

    James A. Nathanson

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Wedner, H.J. (1982). Cyclic Nucleotides in the Immune Response. In: Kebabian, J.W., Nathanson, J.A. (eds) Cyclic Nucleotides. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 58 / 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68393-0_21

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68393-0_21

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