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Organization and Expression of Plastid Genomes

  • Chapter
Nucleic Acids and Proteins in Plants II

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology ((922,volume 14 / B))

Abstract

A green plant contains at least three types of organelles - nucleus, mitochondrion and plastid - which replicate, transcribe and express their genetic information in a coordinated way. The existence of DNA in plastids might have been inferred already from the genetic studies of Baur (1909) and Correns (1909), provided that the DNA-chromosome-gene concept had existed at that time. Evidence that plastids distribute genetic markers in a non-Mendelian mode of inheritance accumulated from the work performed with higher plants (Renner 1936, Rhoades 1946, Michaelis 1955, Schötz 1958, Stubbe 1959, Hagemann 1964, Röbbelen 1966, Von Wettstein 1967, Tilney-Bassett 1970), Chlamydomonas (Sager 1954) and Euglena (Lyman et al. 1961).

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Abbreviations

DCMU:

3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-l,l-dimethylurea

LSU :

large subunit protein of RuBPCase

CFI:

coupling factor, Fl-particle of ATP-synthetase

trnA, trnI:

tRNA gene symbols

atpA, atpB, atpE:

gene symbols for alpha, beta, and epsilon subunit proteins of the plastid ATP-synthetase Fl-complex

rbcL :

gene symbol for large subunit protein of the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase

rbcS:

gene symbol for small subunit protein of the ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase

psbA:

gene symbol for thylakoid membrane protein (mnemonic: 32,000 molecular weight protein, photogene)

rrnA, B:

rRNA operon(s)

rrs:

gene for 16S rRNA

rrl:

gene for 23S Rrna

rrf :

gene for 5S rRNA

rrg :

gene for 4.5S rRNA

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  1. H. J. Bohnert
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  2. E. J. Crouse
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  3. J. M. Schmitt
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  1. Institut für Biochemie der Pflanzen Halle, Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR, Weinberg 3, Postfach 250, 401, Halle (Saale), Germany

    Benno Parthier

  2. Department of Botany, Science Laboratories, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK

    Donald Boulter

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Bohnert, H.J., Crouse, E.J., Schmitt, J.M. (1982). Organization and Expression of Plastid Genomes. In: Parthier, B., Boulter, D. (eds) Nucleic Acids and Proteins in Plants II. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, vol 14 / B. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68347-3_14

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