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Nuclear Chromatin

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Book cover Nucleic Acids and Proteins in Plants II

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology ((922,volume 14 / B))

Abstract

Chromatin is the virtual genetic material of eukaryotes which essentially exhibit two molecular components and functional aspects: the DNA encoding the genetic information, and the chromosomal proteins controlling DNA packaging and thus gene activity. Although massive progress has been achieved in the elucidation of chromatin composition and structure during the last years, the ultimate solution to the twin problems of gene control and DNA packaging is likely to be complex. The complications we already find in prokaryotes should warn us against over-simple answers (Crick 1979). This review will deal with evidence obtained by biochemistry, biophysics, and electron microscopy on the structure of chromatin at several levels of order, the functional significance of structural changes, as well as some speculations about the regulation of such changes. Some phylogenetic aspects will be briefly discussed and related to ontogenetic aspects of differentiation.

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Abbreviations

H1, H2A, H2B, H3, H4:

histones (animal cells)

PH1, PH2:

plant histones corresponding to H2A, H2B

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  1. W. Nagl
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  1. Institut für Biochemie der Pflanzen Halle, Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR, Weinberg 3, Postfach 250, 401, Halle (Saale), Germany

    Benno Parthier

  2. Department of Botany, Science Laboratories, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK

    Donald Boulter

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Nagl, W. (1982). Nuclear Chromatin. In: Parthier, B., Boulter, D. (eds) Nucleic Acids and Proteins in Plants II. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, vol 14 / B. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68347-3_1

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