Introduction

Abstract

Deafferentiation and hypothalamus implantation studies by Halász (Halász et al. 1962, Halász and Gorski 1967, Halász and Pupp 1967, Halász 1969, Halász 1972, Hafcisz. 1978) have called attention to the capability of the medial basal hypothalamus to retain basic control over trophic hormone secretion, even if surgically isolated from other parts of the CNS (Szentágothai et al. 1962). This, however, results in loss of adaptability of the neuroendocrine system. For example, cyclic ovulation, the daily rhythm, and ether stress-induced increase of corticosterone secretion do not occur (Hal&sz 1969, Krey et al. 1975, Makara et al. 1980b). It has also been shown (Kawakami and Kimura 1978) that the stimulation or destruction of a number of extrahypothalamic structures (amygdala, preoptic area, hippocampus, septum, brain stem, etc.) affects the secretory activity of the anterior pituitary. Moreover, information from the sense organs as well as the functions of the extero- and interoceptor and of the cerebral cortex affects neuroendocrine mechanisms.