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Insulin Mediators and Their Control of Covalent Phosphorylation

  • Conference paper
Metabolic Interconversion of Enzymes 1980

Part of the book series: Proceedings in Life Sciences ((LIFE SCIENCES))

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Abstract

We have detailed two separate mechanisms for insulin to activate glycogen synthase. In mechanism I, insulin acts without glucose present via a mediator to convert the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase to a desensitized holoenzyme, effectively lowering the response of the cell machinery to existing concentrations of cyclic AMP. Mechanism II, originally discovered in rat adipocytes, is seen in the presence of glucose, or of a hexose whose transport is accelerated by insulin. Enhanced phosphorylation of the 6 position is also required, since the hexose-6-phosphate acts informationally to activate the phospho-protein phosphatase to convert glycogen synthase to its dephospho state. Today I should like to discuss recent findings of our laboratory which demonstrate the presence of mechanism II in muscle, namely, mouse diaphragm, pointing out the generality of this mechanism and discuss our recent studies on the identification of insulin mediators which control protein phosphorylation state.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA

    J. Larner (Established Investigator of the American Diabetes Association), R. Cabelli & L. Huang

  2. Department of Pharmacology, University of Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa

    Y. Oron, K. Cheng & G. Galasko

Authors
  1. J. Larner
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  2. Y. Oron
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  3. K. Cheng
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  4. G. Galasko
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  5. R. Cabelli
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  6. L. Huang
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biochemisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Hermann-Herder-Str. 7, 7800, Freiburg, Germany

    Helmut Holzer

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© 1981 Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg

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Larner, J., Oron, Y., Cheng, K., Galasko, G., Cabelli, R., Huang, L. (1981). Insulin Mediators and Their Control of Covalent Phosphorylation. In: Holzer, H. (eds) Metabolic Interconversion of Enzymes 1980. Proceedings in Life Sciences. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68211-7_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68211-7_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-68213-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-68211-7

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