Zusammenfassung
Der Krankheitsverlauf der Colitis ulcerosa und der Colitis granulomatosa hat sich seit der Einführung von Glukokortikosteroiden, von Salizylazosulfapyridin und einer Reihe weiterer therapeutischer Maßnahmen, die keinen spezifischen Effekt auf die entzündlichen Dickdarmerkrankungen haben, entscheidend gebessert. Der oft hohe objektive und subjektive Schweregrad der Kolitiden mit erheblicher Letalitätsquote und die Unvorhersehbarkeit des Rezidivs zwin-gen dazu, alle Kranken medikamentos zu behandeln, so daß es keine unbehandel-ten Fälle mehr gibt. Die Mortalität ist seit der Einführung der Glukokortikosteroide gesunken (EDWARDS u. TRUELOVE 1963). Ferner besteht der Eindruck, daß die Häufigkeit der ausgedehnten Dickdarmentzündungen abnimmt und die mehr distalen lokalisierten Formen der Colitis ulcerosa zunehmen. Ob es sich hierbei um eine Therapiewirkung handelt, nämlich eine Hemmung der Progredienz, konnte bisher nicht geklärt werden. Der spontane Verlauf der unbehandelten entzündlichen Dickdarmerkrankung kann seit dem Beginn des 7. Jahrzehnts durch die stets angewendete medikamentöse Therapie nicht mehr beobachtet werden. Im allgemeinen wird angenommen, daß bei Erstmanifestation der Colitis ulcerosa im Erwachsenenalter durch die Behandlungsmaßnahmen eine gewisse Stabilisierung, Abnahme der Progressivität, Verkürzung der aktiven Erkrankungsphasen (Schub), Senkung der Sterblichkeitsquote, Verringerung der Krankenhausbedürftigkeit und Verlängerung der Remission erreicht werden konnte. Es gibt jedoch nach wie vor keine therapeutische Möglichkeit, eine medikamentöse Heilung zu erreichen. Dies ist unverändert nur durch eine totale Proktokolektomie bei der Colitis ulcerosa möglich
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
Aber GM, Ashton F, Carmalt MHB, Whitehead TP (1967) Gastric hypersecretion following massive small bowel resection in man. Am J Dig Dis 12:785–794
Alarcon-Segovia D, Herskovic T, Dearing WH, Bartholomew LG, Cain JC, Shorter RG (1965) Lupus erythematosus cell phenomenon in patients with ulcerative colitis. Gut 6:39
Alexanderson B, Evans DAP, Sjöquist F (1969) Steady-state plasma levels of Nortriptyline in twins. Influence of geratic factors and drug therapy. Br Med J 1:764
Allen R, Cooke WT (1975) Evaluation of metronidazole in the management of Crohn’s disease. Gut 18: A 422
Almy TP (1961) Ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 41:391
Almy TP, Lewis CM (1963) Ulcerative colitis. A report of progress based upon the recent literature. Gastroenterology 45:515
Altman GG (1971) Influence of bile and pancreatic secretions on the size of the intestinal villi in the rat. Am J Anat 132:167–178
Ammann RW, Müller-Schoop J, Knoblauch M (1978) Therapie des Morbus Crohn im akuten Schub mit Ornidazol (Tiberal). Schweiz Med Wochenschr 108:1075
Ammon HV, Phillips SF (1973) Inhibition of colonic water and electrolyte absorption by fatty acids in man. Gastroenterology 65:744–749
Anderson DL, Boyce HW (1973) Use of parenteral nutrition in treatment of advanced regional enteritis. Am J Dig Dis 18:633–640
Andersson H (1976) Effects of a fat-reduced diet on the faecal excretion of radioactivity following administration of C 14-cholic acid and on the duodenal concentration of bile salts in patientswith ileal disease. Nutr Metab 20:254
Andersson H, Jagenburg R (1974) Fat-reduced diet in treatment of hyperoxaluria in patients with ileopathy. Gut 15:360
Andersson H, Isaksson B, Sjörgen B (1974) Fat-reduced diet in the symptomatic treatment of small bowel disease. Metabolic studies in patients with Crohn’s disease and in other patients subjected to ileal resection. Gut 15:351–359
Anthonisen P, Barany F, Folkenborg P, Holtz A, Jarnum S, Kristensen M, Riis F, Alan W, Worning H (1974) The clinical effect of salazosulphapyridine (Salazopyrin) in Crohn’s disease. A controlled double-blind study. Scand J Enterol 9:549–554
Asquith P, Mallas E, Ross I, Montgomery RD, Cooke WT, Thompson RA (1975) Transferfactors in the treatment of Crohn’s disease. Gut 16:832
Axelsson Ch, Jarnum S (1977) Assessment of therapeutic value of elemental diet in chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 12:89–95
Azad Khan AK, Truelove SC (1979) Placental and mammary transfer of sulphasalazine. Br Med J II:1553
Azad Khan AK, Johston HH, Truelove SC (1975) Bacterial breakdown of sulphasalazine (Salazopyrin). Gut 16:832
Azad Khan AK, Piris J, Truelove SC (1977 a) An experiment to determine the active therapeutic moiety of sulphasalazine. Lancet II: 892–895
Azad Khan AK, Howes DT, Piris J, Truelove SC (1977 b) Optimal dose of sulphasalazine for maintenance treatment of ulcerative colitis: interim results of a controlled therapeutic trial. Gut 18:421
Barany FR (1976) Salazosulphapyridine in the treatment of Crohn’s disease. In: Weterman IT, Pena AS, Booth CC (eds) The management of Crohn’s disease. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam Oxford, p 172
Bardet IC, Besancon F, Bourdais IP (1978) Le traitement de la maladie de Crohn par le metronidazole. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2:342–343
Baron JH, Connell AM, Kanaghinis TG, Lennard-Jones JE, Avery-Jones F (1962a) Out patient treatment of ulcerative colitis. Comparison between three doses of oral prednisone. Br Med J 1:441
Baron JH, Connell AM, Lennard-Jones JE, Jones E, Avery F (1962 b) Sulphasalazine and salicylazosulphapyridine in ulcerative colitis. Lancet I:1094–1096
Barrett A, Fitzharris BM, Robson T, Smyth JF (1978) Lymphoma after S.L.E. Lancet II: 1102
Bayless TM, Whitington PF, Barnes H (1977) Crohn’s disease in adolescents: long term alternate day prednisone therapy. Gastroenterology 72:1028
Bean RHD (1962) The treatment of chronic ulcerative colitis with 6-mercaptopurine. Med J Aust 2:592–593
Bean RHD (1966) Treatment of ulcerative colitis with antimetabolites. Br Med J I:1081–1084
Becker HD, Reeder DD, Thompson JC (1973) Extraction of circulating endogenous gastrin by the small bowel. Gastroenterology 65:903–906
Bercovitz ZT (1950) Chloromycetin therapy of ulcerative colitis — a one year study. Gastroenterology 16:19
Bercovitz ZT, Sommers SC (1966) Altered inflammatory reaction in nonspecific ulcerative colitis. Arch Intern Med 117:504–510
Berg G, Classen M (1973) Erfahrungen mit einer bilanzierten ballastfreien Ernahrung beim MorbusCrohn und Colitis ulcerosa. Med Klin 68:487
Berg G, Wagner H, Weber L (1972) Bilanzierte ballastfreie Ernährung bei Darmerkrankungen. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 97:826
Bergman L, Krause U (1976) Postoperative treatment with corticosteroids and salazosulphapyridin (Salazopyrin) after radical resection for Crohn’s disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 11:651–656
Berlin CM, Yaffe SJ (1979) Disposition of sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) in human breast milk, plasma and saliva. Pediatr Res 13:396
Best WR, Becktel JM, Singleton JW, Kern F (1976) Development of a Crohn’s disease activity index: National Cooperative Crohn’s Disease Study. Gastroenterology 70:439–444
Binder HJ, Gryboski JD, Thayer WR, Spiro HM (1966) Intolerance to milk in ulcerative colitis: A preliminary report. Am J Dig Dis 11:858
Birkner HJ, Kern FK (1974) In vitro adsorption of bile salts to food residues, salicylazosulphapyridine, and hemicellulose. Gastroenterology 67:237
Blackstone MO (1978) Hypersensitivity reaction to sulfasalazine — two reports of the same patient. Gastroenterology 75:1192–1193
Blichfeldt P, Blomhoff JP, Myhre E, Gjone E (1976) Metronidazole in Crohn’s disease — a preliminaryreport of a doubleblind cross-over study. Scand J Gastroenterol ll:Suppl. 38, 100
Blichfeldt P, Blomhoff JP, Myhre E, Gjone E (1978) Metronidazole in Crohn’s disease. A double-blind cross-over clinical trial. Scand J Gastroenterol 13:123–127
Block MB, Genant HK, Kirsner JB (1970) Pancreatitis as an adverse reaction to salicylazosulfapyridine. N Engl J Med 282:380
Blum AL, Peters P, Kreys GJ (1975) Dünndarmresektion. Internist 16:260
Bochenek W, Rodgers JB, Balint J A (1970) Effect of changes in dietary lipids on intestinal fluid loss in the short bowel syndrom. Ann Intern Med 72:205–230
Böttiger LE, Möllenberg H (1959) Metabolic studies on azulfidine, azudimidine and one analogue. Acta Med Scand 165:241–244
Böttiger LE, Engstedt L, Lagerantz R, Nyberg N (1963) The occurence of Heinz bodies during Azulfidine treatment of ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterologia (Basel) 100:33
Bond JH, Levitt MD (1976) Fate of soluble carbohydrate in the colon of rats and man. J Clin Invest 57:1158–1164
Booth CC, Maclntyre I, Mollini DL (1964) Nutritional problems associated with extensive lesions of the distal intestine in man. Q J Med 131:401–420
Bowen GE, Irons GV, Rhodes JB, Kirsner JB (1966) Early experience with azathioprine in ulcerative colitis. A note of caution. J Am Med Assoc 195:460–464
Broders AC, Bargen J A (1960) Salicylazo-sulfadimethylpyrmidine (Azudimidine) in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Writings and reports, Scott and White Clinic 3:229
Brooke BN, Javett SL, Davison OW (1970) Further experience with azathioprine for Crohn’s disease. Lancet 11:1050–1053
Brooke BN, Cave DR, King DW (1976) Place of azathioprine for Crohn’s disease. Lancet 1:1041–1042
Brown CH, Merlo M (1961) Topical steroid therapy for ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol 36:343
Buckell NA, Gould SR, Day DW, Lennard-Jones JE, Edwards AM (1978) Controlled trial of disodium cromoglycate in chronic persistent ulcerative colitis. Gut 19:1140–1143
Buisseret PP, Youlten LJF, Heinzelmann DI, Lessof MH (1978) Prostaglandin-synthesis-inhibitors in prophylaxis of food intolerance. Lancet 1:906–908
Burkitt DP (1969) Related disease — related cause? Lancet II: 1229
Burkitt DP (1970) Relationship as a clue to causation. Lancet II: 1237
Burnet FM (1967) Concepts of autoimmune disease and their implications for therapy. Perspect Biol Med 10:141–151
Burnham WR, Lennard-Jones JE, Colin R, Geffroy Y (1979) Oral BCG vaccine in Crohn’s disease. Gut 20:229
Bury KD (1976) Elemental diets. In: Fisher JE (ed) Total parenteral nutrition. Little, Brow, Boston, p 395
Busk HE, Dahlerup B, Lytzen T, Binder V, Gudmand-Hoyer E (1975) The incidence of lactose malabsorption in ulcerative colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 10:263–265
C&bellAC, Skinner JM, Hersey P, Robets-Thomson P, MacLennan ICM, Truelove SC (1974) Immunosuppression in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. I. Changes in lymphoid subpopulations in the blood and rectal mucosa following cassation of treatment with azathioprine. Clin Exp Immunol 16:521–523
C&bellAC, Skinner JM, MacLennan IC, Bersey P, Waller CA, Wood J, Jewell DP, Truelove SC (1976) Immunosuppression in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. II. The effect of azathioprine on lymphoid cell populations in a double blind trial in ulcerative colitis. Clin Exp Immunol 24:249–258
C&bellDES (1973) Nya rön om Salazopyrins farmakokinetik och farmakologi. Läkartidaingen 70:3068
C&ieri M, Lanfranchi GA, Bazzocchi G, Brignola C, Corazza G, Lortini C, Michelini M, Labo G (1978) Salicylate after than 5-amino-salicylic acid ineffective in ulcerative colitis. Lancet II:993
Caravatti CM, Hooker TN (1971) Acute massive hepatic necrosis with fatal liver failure. Am J Dig Dis 16:803–808
Caridis DT, Roberts M, Smith G (1969) The effect of small bowel resection on gastric acid secretion in the rat. Surgery 65:292–297
Caspary WF (1975) Erworbene Hyperoxalurie und Nephrolithiasis bei gastroenterologischen Erkrankungen („enterale“ Hyperoxalurie). Dtsch Med Wochenschr 100:1509
Cesnik H (1968) Thymektomie bei Colitis ulcerosa. Vorläufiger Bericht über einen Behandlungsversuch bei 7 Patienten. Langenbecks Arch Klin Chir 321:86–98
Cesnik H, Schmid KO (1971) Über Lymphfollikel im Thymus bei Colitis ulcerosa. Langenbecks Arch Klin Chir 328:128–138
Chaput JC, Buffet C, Papoz L, Etienne JP (1978) Chronic active hepatitis and extrahepatic malignancy. Lancet I:1367
Clarke JR, Richens ER, Williams MJ, Gough KR, Ancill RJ (1974) An evaluation of the rosetteinhibition test in Crohn’s disease. Gut 15:725–727
Cleave TC (1974) The saccharine disease. Wright, Bristol
Clements R, Hale CG, Jones RF, Pearson CC (1962) Topical steroid therapy in ulcerative colitis. Am J Dig Dis 7:760
Clifton J A (1979) Konservative Behandlung der Crohn’schen Erkrankung. Internist (Berlin) 20:167–170
Cline MJ, Melmon KL (1966) Plasma kinins and Cortisol: a possible explanation of the antiinflammatory action of Cortisol. Science 153:1135–1138
Collier HOJ, Francis AA, McDonald-Gibson WJ, Saeed SA (1976) Inhibiton of prostaglandin biosynthesis by sulphasalazine and its metabolites. Prostaglandins 11:219–225
Compston JE, Creamer B (1977) The consequences of small intestinal resection. Q J Med 46:485–497
Connell AM, Lennard-Jones JR, Misiewicz JJ, Baron JH, Avery JF (1965a) Comparison of aceteroland prednisolone-21-phosphate suppositories in the treatment of idiopathic proctitis. Lancet 1:238–239
Connell AM, Jones FA, Rowlands EN (1965 b) Motility of the pelvic colon. Gut 6:105
Connor WE (1975) Pathogenesis and frequency of essential fatty acid deficiency during total parenteral nutrition. Ann Intern Med 83:895–896
Cooke EM (1969) Fecal flora of patients with ulcerative colitis during treatment with salicylazosulphapyridin. Gut 10:565
Cooke EM, Ewins SP, Hywel-Jones J, Lennard-Jones JE (1974) Properties of strains of Escherichia coli carried in different phases of ulcerative colitis. Gut 15:143–146
Cooke WT, Fielding JF (1970) Corticosteroid or corticotrophin therapy in Crohn’s disease (Regional Enteritis). Gut 11:921–927
Cowan GO, Das KM, Eastwood MA (1977) Further studies of sulfasalazine metabolism and the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Br Med J II:1057–1059
Crean GP, Loraine J A, Bell ET, Card WI, Sircus W (1966) Urinary gonadotropin excretion in patients with ulcerative colitis, and Crohn’s disease treated with ACTH and corticosteroids. Gut 7:597
Cummings JH, James WTP, Wiggins HS (1973) Role of the colon in ileal-resection diarrhoea. Lancet I:344–347
Czaja A J, Summerskill WHJ (1977) Malignancy in chronic liver disease. Gastroenterology 73:192
Daneman HA, Texter EC, Chejfic G, Barborka CJ (1961) The effect of treatment upon the clinical course of ulcerative colitis. — Observations on the value of adjunctive therapy, azulfidine, A.C.T.H., and adrenal steroids, psychotherapy, and surgery. Proc. Int. Congr. Gastroenterology, Ley den 1960, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam London New York
Dargent M, Bourgoin J-J, Noel P, Weissbrod R (1972) The influence of azathioprine on tumorogenesis by 7–12 dimethylbenz anthracene in rats. Eur J Cancer 8:605–609
Das KM (1976) Sulphasalazine metabolism in patients with Crohn’s disease. In: Weterman IT, Pena AS, Booth CC (eds) The management of Crohn’s disease. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam Oxford, pp 161–171
Das KM (1978) Sulfasalazine revisited. Gastroenterology 75:1181–1182
Das KM, Eastwood MA (1973) Effect of iron and calcium on salizylazosulfapyridin metabolism. Scott Med J 18:45–50
Das KM, Eastwood MA (1975) Acetylation polymorphism of sulfa pyridine in paients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Clin Pharmacol Ther 18:514–520
Das KM, Sternlieb I (1975) Sulfasalazine in inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Dig Dis 29:975
Das KM, Eastwood MA, McManus JPA, Sircus W (1973) The metabolism of salicylazosulphapyridine in ulcerative colitis. I. The relationship between metabolites and the response to treatment in patients. — II. The relationship between metabolites and the progress of the disease studied in outpatients. Gut 14:631–641
Das KM, Eastwood MA, MacManus JPA, Sircus W (1974) The role of the colon, in the metabolism of salizylazosulfapyridine. Scand J Gastroenterol 9:137–141
Das KM, Chowdhury JR, Zapp B, Fara JW (1979) Small bowel absorption of sulfasalazine and its hepatic metabolism in human beings, cats and rats. Gastroenterology 77:280
Davies PS, Rhodes J (1978) Maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis with sulfasalazine or a high-fiber diet. A clinical trial. Br Med J 1:1524–1525
Davies PS, Rhodes I, Heatley RV, Owen E (1977) Metronidazole in the treatment of chronic proctitis. A controlled trial. Gut 18:680–684
Debongnie JC, Philips SF (1978) Capacity of the human colon to absorb fluid. Gastroenterology 74:698–703
Dick AP, Grayson NJ, Carpenter RG, Petrie A (1964) Controlled trial of sulphasalazine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Gut 5:437–444
Dickson RJ, Ashton MG, Axon ATR, Golligher JC, Smith RC, Yeung CK, Hill GL (1980) Gut 21:411
Dissanayake AS, Truelove SC (1973) A controlled therapeutic trial of long-term maintenance treatment of ulcerative colitis with sulphasalazine (Salazopyrin). Gut 14:923–926
Dobbins JW, Binder HJ (1977) Derangements of oxalate metabolisms in gastrointestinal disease and their mechanisms. In: Glass GBJ (ed) Progress in gastroenterology, vol III. Grune&Stratton, New York London San Francisco
Domenjoz R (1960) The pharmacology of phenylbutazone analogues. Ann NY Acad Sci 86:263
Domenjoz R (1961) Anti-inflammatory effect of Salazopyrin. Internal Pharmacia Report Pharmacia AB, Uppsala
Dowling RN (1974) The influence of luminal nutrition on intestinal adaption after small bowel resection and by-pass. In: Dowling HH, Riecken EO (eds) Intestinal adaption. Schattauer, Stuttgart New York, pp 35–45
Dowling RH, Booth CC (1967) Structural and functional changes following small intestinal resection in the rat. Clin Sci 32:139–149
Driscoll RH, Rosenburg IH (1978) Total parenteral nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease. Med Clin North Am 62:184–201
Dronfield MW, Langman MJS (1977) Controlled comparison of sodium cromoglycate and sulphasalazine in the maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis. Gut 18:973
Dronfield MW, Langman MJS (1978) Comparative trial of sulphasalazine and oral sodium cromoglycate in the maintenance of remission of ulcerative colitis. Gut 19:1136–1139
Dronfield MW, Malone JDG, Langman MJS (1977) Zinc in ulcerative colitis: a therapeutical trial and report on plasma levels. Gut 18:33–36
Dudrick SJ, Ruber RL (1971) Principals and practice of parenteral nutrition. Gastroenterology 61:901–910
Dujovne CH, Chan CH, Zimmermann JH (1967) Sulfonamide hepatic injury. N Engl J Med 277:785–788
Dyer HN (1972) Medical management of Crohn’s disease. Clin Gastroenterol 1:449
Ebberle P, Hunstein W, Perings E (1968) Chromosomes in patients treated with imuran. Humangene-tik 6:69–73
Eckhardt R, Kloos R, Dierich P, Meyer zum Büschenfelde KH (1977) Lymphocytes (killer-cells) in Crohn’s disease and acute virus B-hepatitis. Gut 18:1010–1016
Editorial (1969) Immunsuppression and cancer. Lancet II:505
Editorial (1972) Immunosuppressives and malignancy. Br Med J III:713
Editorial (1974) Total parenteral nutrition and Crohn’s disease. Nutr Rev 32:72
Editorial (1975) Gastric emptying, pancreatic and biliary secretion during digestion. Nutr Rev 33:169
Editorial (1979) Nutritional management of enterocutaneous fistulas. Lancet II:507
Edwards FC, Truelove SC (1963) The course and prognosis of ulcerative colitis. Gut 4:299
Elliott PR, Powell-Tuck J, Gillepsie PE, Laidlow JM, Lennard-Jones JE, English J, Chakraborty J, Marks V (1980) Prednisolone absorption in acute colitis. Gut 21:49
Engbaek J, Ersböll J, Faurby V, Binder V, Riis P (1975) The constipating effect of diphenoxylate (Retardin (R)) in ulcerative colitis. A double-blind controlled trial. Scand J Gastroenterol 10:695–698
Enochs MR, Johnson LR (1977) Hormonal regulation of gastrointestinal tract growth; biochemical and physiological aspects. In: Glass GBJ (ed) Progress in gastroenterology, vol III. Grune & Stratton, New York San Francisco London, pp 3–28
Evans DAP, White TA (1964) Human acetylation polymorphism. J Lab Clin Med 63:394
Ewart WB, Lennard-Jones JE (1961) Corticosteroids in preoperative medical management of ulcerative colitis. Lancet II:60
Fahrländer F (1980) The use of salazopyrin during pregnancy. Xlth Int. Congr. of Gastroenterology, A.S.N.E.M.G.E.
Falchuk KR, Isselbacher KJ (1976) Characterization of the antibody response. Gastroenterology 70:5–8
Fazio VW, Kopner I, Jagelman DG, Turnbull RB, Weakley FC (1976) Parenteral nutrition as primary or adjunctive treatment. Dis Colon Rectum 19:574–578
Feldman EJ, Dowling RH, McNaughton J, Peters TJ (1976) Effects of oral versus intravenous nutrition on intestinal adaption after small bowel resection in the dog. Gastroenterology 70:712–719
Fleming CR, McGill DB, Berkner S (1977) Home parenteral nutrition as primary therapy in patients with extensive Crohn’s disease of the small bowel and malnutrition. Gastroenterology 73:1077–1081
Fore H, Walker R, Goldberg L (1967) Studies on F.K. Brown II. Degradative charges undergone in vitro and in vivo. Food Cosmet Toxicol 5:459
Foreman JC, Garland LG (1976) Cromoglycate and other anti-allergic drugs: a possible mechanism of action. Br Med J 1:820–821
Fournie GJ, Conte J J, Delsol G Fabre J, Migueres J, Jover A (1978) Systemic lupus erythematosus and malignant histiocytosis. Lancet II: 1305–1306
Fouts JR, Kamm JJ, Brodie BB (1957) Encymatic reductions of protosil and other azodyes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 120:291
Franklin JL, Rosenberg IH (1973) Impaired folic acid absorption in inflammatory bowel disease: effects of salicylazosulphapyridine (Azulfidine). Gastroenterology 64:517–525
Freeman JB, Egan MC, Millis BJ (1976) The elemental diet. Surg Gynecol Obstet 142:925
Friedman M, Strang LB (1966) Effect of long-term corticosteroids and corticotrophin on the growth of children. Lancet II: 568–572
Friedman M, Hinton JM, Lennard-Jones JE (1969) Adrenal and clinical responses to corticotrophin and prednisone in inflammatory disease of the colon. Gut 10:194–197
Fromm H, Gebel M, Schroeter V, Kanzler H, Schmidt FW (1978) Zur Behandlung des Morbus Crohn im akuten Stadium, Ergebnisse einer Diättherapie. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 103:377–380
Gabrielson AE, Good RA (1967) Chemical suppression of adaptive immunity. Adv Immunol 6:91–229
Gange RW, Black MM, Carrington P, McKerron R (1977) Defective neutrophil migration in sarcoidosis. Lancet II:379–381
Gardner MR, Bargen J A (1964) Hemolytic anaemia secondary to salicylazosulfapyridin therapy. J Am Med Assoc 190:71
Gazzard BG, Price HC, Dawson AM (1977) Social toll of Crohn’s disease. Gut 18:988
Gazzard BG, Saunders B, Dawson AM (1978) Diets and stoma function. Br J Surg 65:642–644
Geffroy Y, Collin R, Hecketsweiler P, Segrestin M (1971) Traitement de la maladie de Crohn par le BCG. Données biologiques — essai d’interpretation. Arch Fr Mai App Dig 299–308
Geyer RP (1960) Parenteral Nutrition. Physiol Rev 40:150
Gleeson MH, Bloom SR, Polak RM, Henry K, Dowling RH (1971) Endocrine tumor in kidney effecting small bowel structure, motility and absorptive function. Gut 12:773–782
Gleeson MH, Cullen JH, Dowling RH (1972) Intestinal structure and function after small bowel by-pass in the rat. Clin Sci 43:731–742
Gibbs AR, Seal RME (1978) Lymphoma after S.L.E. Lancet II: 1046
Gill AM, Kenyon UJ (1959) Continous use of prednisolone in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol 32:701
Giorgini GL, Stephens RV, Thayer WR (1973) The use of “medical by-pass“ in the therapy of Crohn’s disease: report of a case. Am J Dig Dis 18:153
Gleichmann H, Gleichmann E (1973 a) Immunosuppression and neoplasia. I. A critical review of experimental carcinogenesis and the immune-surveillance theory. Klin Wochenschr 51:255–259
Gleichmann E, Gleichmann H (1973 b) Immunosuppression and neoplasia. II. Is deficient immunsurveillance the only mechanism by which immunosuppression promotes neoplasia? A speculative review. Klin Wochenschr 51:260–265
Golde DW (1968) Aetiology of regional enteritis. Lancet I:1144–1145
Goldgraber MB, Kirsner JB, Palmer WL (1957) The role of ACTH and adrenal steroids in perforation of the colon in ulcerative colitis. A clinico-pathologic study. Gastroenterology 33:434–450
Goldman P, Peppercorn MA (1975) Drug therapy, Sulfasalazine. N Engl J Med 293:20–23
Goldstein MJ, Melamed MR, Grabstald H, Sherlock P (1967) Progressive villous atrophy of the ileum used as a urinary conduit. Gynecol Obstet 61:693–705
Goligher JC, Dombal FT de, Watts JM, Watkinson G (1968) Ulcerative colitis. Bailliere, Tindall & Cassell, London
Goode A, Hawkins T, Fegetter JGW, Johnson ID (1976) Use of an elemental diet for long-term nutritional support in Crohn’s disease. Lancet 1:122–124
Gorbach SL, Nahas L, Plaut G, Weinstein L (1967) Studies of intestinal microflora. V. Fecal microbial ecology in ulcerative colitis and regional enteritis: relationship to severity of disease and chemotherapy. Gastroenterology 54:575
Gould SR (1975) Prostaglandins, ulcerative colitis, and sulphasalazine. Lancet 11:988
Gould SR (1976) Assay of prostaglandine-like substances in faeces and their measurement in ulcerative colitis. Prostaglandines 11: 489–497
Gould SR (1978) Salicylate and ulcerative colitis. Lancet II: 1161
Gould SR, Lennard-Jones JE (1976) Production of prostaglandines in ulcerative colitis and their inhibition by sulphasalazine. Gut 17:828
Gould SR, Brash AR, Conoly ME (1977) Increased prostaglandin production in ulcerative colitis. Lancet II:98
Greaves MW, Skillen AW (1970) Effect of long-continued ingestions of zinc sulphate in patients with venous leg ulceration. Lancet II:889–891
Green JA, Dawson AA, Walker W (1978) Systemic lupus erythematosus and lymphoma. Lancet 11:753–755
Greenberg GR, Haber GB, Jeejeehoy KN (1976) Total parental nutrition (TPN) and bowel rest in the management of Crohn’s disease. Gut 17:828
Grieve J (1979) Male inpertility due to sulphasalazine. Lancet II: 464
Griffiths ID, Kane SP (1977) Sulphasalazine-induced lupus syndrome in ulcerative colitis. Br Med J IV:1188–1189
Grove DI, Mahmoud AA, Warren KS (1976) Suppression of cell-mediated immunity by metronidazole. Clin Res 24:285 A
Grundman MJ, Williams SE, Turnberg LA (1978) Double-blind controlled trial of disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) in the treatment of Crohn’s disease. Gut 19:963
Gudmand-Hoyer E, Jarnum S (1970) Incidence and clinical significance of lactose malabsorption in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Gut 11:338–343
Gudmand-Hoyer E, Binder V, Söltoft J (1975) The small intestinal disaccharidas activity in ulcerative colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 10:209–212
Hallböök T, Lanner E (1972) Serum-zinc and healing of venous leg ulcers. Lancet II: 780—782
Halvorsen S, Myren J, Aakvaag A (1969) On the absorption of prednison and prednisolone disodium phosphate after rectal administrations. Scand J Gastroenterol 4:582–584
Hanngren A, Hansson E, Svartz N, Ullberg S (1963) Distribution and metabolism of salicyl-azosulfapyridine. I. A study with C14–salicyl-azosulphapyridine and C14–5 ammo-salicylic acid. Acta Med Scand 173:61
Harris DW, Swan CHJ (1977) Increased synthesis of prostaglandines in ulcerative colitis. Lancet II: 196
Harris J, Arch&ong EO, Clark CG (1972) The effect of salazopyrin on water and electrolyte transport in the human colon measured in vivo and in vitro. Gut 13:855
Hartmann F, Steinhart HJ, Malchow H (1977) Vollresorbierbare synthetische Nahrung mit Oligo-peptiden-Adjuvans in der Therapie bei chronisch entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen. Verh Dtsch Ges Inn Med 83:459–462
Harvey RF, Head AE (1973) Effect of cholecystokinin on colonic motility and symptoms in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. Lancet I:1
Heatley RV, Calcraft BJ, Rhodes J, Owen E, Evans B (1974) Treatment of chronic proctitis with disodium cromoglycate. Gut 15:829
Heatley RV, Calcraft BJ, Rhodes J, Owen E, Evans BK (1975) Disodium cromoglycate in the treatment of chronic proctitis. Gut 16:559–563
Heaton KW, Thorton JR, Emmet PM (1979) Dietary, factors in Crohn’s disease. Z Gastroenterol 17:Suppl 140
Heel RC, Brodgen RN, Speight TM, Avery GS (1978) Loperamide: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in diarrhoea. Drugs 15:33–52
Hees PAM van, Tuinte JHM, Rossum JM van, Tongeren JHM van (1979) Influence of intestinal transit time on azo-reduction of salicylazosulphapyridine (Salazopyrin). Gut 20:300
Herraiz-Ballesteroly, Simkin-Zmud B (1961) Un nuero antiserotonicio en el tratamiento del asma, jaqueca, colitis grave y enfermedacles reumaticas. Prev Med Argent 48:89
Hershenson LM, Hershenson A (1961) Rectal hydrocortisone for ulcerative colitis refractory to oral corticosteroide. Am J Dig Dis 6:511
Hightower NC, Broders AC, Haines RD, McKenney JF, Sommer AW (1958) Anonic ulcerative colitis. III. Treatment. Am J Dig Dis 3:931
Hill GL, Mair SJ, Edwards JP, Goligher JC (1976) Decreased typsin and bile acid in ileal fistulas drainage during the administration of a chemically defined liquid elemental diet. Br J Surg 63:133
Hodgkinson DJ, Williams TJ (1977) Case report. Endometrial carcinoma associated with azathioprine and cortisone therapy. Gynecol Oncol 5:308–312
Hofmann A (1978) The enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. In: Sleisinger M, Fordtran JS (eds) Gastrointestinal disease. Saunders, London Philadelphia, Toronto pp 418–429
Holdstock DJ, Misiewicz J J, Waller SL (1969) Observations on the mechanism of abdominal pain. Gut 10:19
Holm G, Perlmann P (1968) The effect of antimetabolites on the cytoxicity by human lymphocytes. In: Dansset J, Hamburger J, Mathe G (eds) Advance in transplantation
Husain SL (1969) Oral zinc sulphate in leg ulcers. Lancet I:1069–1071
Isalo E (1962) Therapeutical trials with monoaminooxydase in ulcerative colitis. Nord Med 67:219
Jacobs E, Paulet P, Rahier J (1978) Hypersensitivity reaction to sulfasalazine — another case. Gastoenterology 75:1193
Järnerot G (1980) Salazopyrin, use during laction. XI. Int. Congr. of Gastroenterology, A.S.N.E.M.G.E.
Järnerot G, Into-Malmberg MB (1979) Sulphasalazine treatment during breast feeding. Scand J Gastroenterol 14:869
Jalan KN, Prescott RJ, Smith AN, Sircus W, McManus JPA, Small WP, Falconer CWA (1970)Influence of corticosteroids on results of surgical treatment for ulcerative colitis. N Engl J Med 282:588
James AH (1977) Breakfast and Crohn’s disease. Br Med J 1:943
Jarnum S (1976) Chemically defined diets in medicine. Nutr Metab 20:(Suppl 1) 19
Jarnum S, Jensen KB (1975) Fecal radioiodine excretion following intravenous injection of 131-J-Albumin and 125-J-Immuneoglobin G in chronic inflammatory bowel disease An aid to topographic diagnosis. Gastroenterology 68:1433–1444
Jaup BH (1978) Salazosulfapyridin — induziertes Lupus — erythematodes Syndrom bei Colitis ulcerosa. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 103:1211–1213
Jewell DP, Truelove SC (1972 a) Circulating antibodies to cow’s milk proteins in ulcerative colitis. Gut 13:796–801
Jewell DP, Truelove SC (1972 b) Reaginic hypersensitivity in ulcerative colitis. Gut 13:903–906
Jewell DP, Truelove SC (1972c) Azathioprine in ulcerative colitis: an interim report on a controlled therapeutic trials. Br Med J I:709–712
Jewell DP, Truelove SC (1974 a) Azathioprine in ulcerative colitis: final report of controlled therapeutic trial. Br Med J IV: 627–630
Jewell DP, Truelove SC (1974 b) Azathioprine in ulcerative colitis. Gut 15:323
Johnson LR (1974) Effect of gut hormones on growth of gastrointestinal mucosa. In: Chey WY, Brooks FP (eds) Endocrinology of the gut. Slack, Thorofare New Jersey, pp 163–177
Johnson LR, Guthrie P (1976) Effect of cholecystokinin and 16, 16-dimethyl-prostaglandine E2on RNA and DNA of gastric and duodenal mucosa. Gastroenterology 70:59–65
Jones JH, Lennard-Jones JE, Misiewicz JJ (1965) Modified technique for administration of retention enemata in colitis. Gut 6:514
Jones JH, Friedman M, Hinton JM, Lennard-Jones JE (1969) The use of plasma Cortisol estimations in the management of colitis. Proc R Soc Med 62:497–499
Jones R, Ryan A J, Wright SE (1964) The metabolism and excretion of tartrazine in the rat, rabbit, and man. Food Cosmet Toxicol 2:447
Juhl R, Summers RW, Blaug S, Guillory JK (1975) Diminished urinary digoxin excretion after salicylazosulfapyridine. Fed Proc 34:916
Kallner S (1942) The cyanosis developing during treatment with sulfanilamide preparations. Acta Med Scand Suppl CXXX
Kane SP (1976) Ileocolitis responding to bowels sterilization. Proc R Soc Med 69:266
Kaplan HP, Portnoy B, Binder HJ, Amatruda T, Spiro H (1975) A controlled evaluation of intravenous adrenocorticotrophic hormone and hydrocortisone in the treatment of acute colitis. Gastroenterology 69:91–95
Kasisch A (1963) Clinical evaluation of noncholone propionate in patients with gastrointestinal disease. Am J Gastroenterol 40:628
Kasper H (1976) Diätbehandlung bei gastroenterologischen Erkrankungen. Verh Dtsch Ges Inn Med 82:742–750
Keren DF, Elliott HL, Brown GD, Yardley JH (1975) Atrophy of villi with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of Paneth cells in isolated (Thiry-Vella) ileal loops in rabbits. Gastroenterology 68:83–93
Kiefer ED (1960) A.C.T.H. and the corticosteroid hormones in the management of chronic ulcerative colitis. Med Clin North Am 44:567
Kirsner JB (1970) Ulcerative colitis 1970 — Recent developments. Scand J Gastroenterol 5:63
Kirsner JB, Palmer JA, Spencer RO, Bicks ChF, Johnson ChF (1959) Corticotrophin (A.C.T.H.) and the adrenal steroids in the management of ulcerative colitis. Observations in 240 patients. Ann Intern Med 50:891
Kirsner JB, Scheffner AL, Palmer WL (1959a) Current-concepts of the medical managements of ulcerative colitis. J Am Med Assoc 169:433
Knudsen L, Christiansen L, Jarnum S (1976) Early complications in patients previously treated with corticosteroids. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 37:123–128
Korelitz BI (1980) Therapy of inflammatory bowel disease, including use of immunosuppressive agents. Clin Gastroenterol. 9:331
Korelitz BI, Lindner AE (1964) The influence of corticotrophin and adrenal steroids on the course of ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 46:671
Korelitz RL, Meyer JH (1980) Elemental diets — facts and fantasies. Gastroenterology 78:393
Korelitz BI, Sommers SC (1976) Responses to drug therapy in ulcerative colitis. Evaluation by rectal biopsy and mucosal cell count. Am J Dig Dis 21:441–447
Korelitz BI, Glass JL, Wisch N (1973) Long-term immunosuppressive therapy in ulcerative colitis. Am J Dig Dis 18:317–322
Korelitz BI, Wisch N, Glass JL, Present DH (1978) Long-term response of Crohn’s disease to treatment with 6 mercaptopurine. Gastroenterology 74:1130
Kraft SC, Kirsner JB (1971) Immunological apparatus of the gut and inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 60:922–951
Krieg ER, Meyer zum Biischenfelde KH (1976) Verlaufsbeobachtungen bei Patienten mit Morbus Crohn nach operativer bzw. unter immunosuppressiver Therapie. Verh Dtsch Ges Inn Med 82:924–927
Kristensen M, Koudahl G, Fischerman K, Jarnum S (1974) High dose prednisone treatment in severe ulcerative colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 9:177–183
Kuhlmann F (1963) Pathogenetische und therapeutische Probleme der Colitis ulcerosa. Z Aerztl Fortbild (Jena) 52:15
Labhart A (1971) Klinik der inneren Sekretion. 2. Aufl. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Landor JH (1969) Intestinal resection in gastric secretion in dogs with antrectomy. Arch Surg 98:645–646
Laursen ML (1978) The influence of salicylazosulfapyridine on the immune response to antigen tumour cells inoculated onto the coecal lumen of C3H mice. Scand J Gastroenterol 13:991
Law DH, Steinberg H, Sleisenger MH (1961) Ulcerative colitis with onset after the age of fifty. Gastroenterology 14:457
Lee DAH, Taylor GM, James HT, Walker G (1979) Plasma prednisolone levels and adrenocortical responsiveness after administration of prednisolone-21-phosphate as a retention enema. Gut20:349
Lendrum R, Walker JG, West B, Hill MJ (1974) Effect of sulphasalazine (Salazopyrin) on faecal flora in patient with inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 15:344
Lehner T, Wilton JMA, Ivanyi L (1976) Double-blind crossover trial of levamisole in recurrent aphthous ulceration. Lancet II: 926–929
Lennard-Jones JE (1977) Sulphasalazine in asymptomatic Crohn’s disease. A multicentre trial. Gut 18:69–72
Lennard-Jones JE, Powell-Tuck J (1979) Drug treatment in inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Gastroenterol 8:187–217
Lennard-Jones JE, Longmore AJ, Newell AC, Wilson CWE, Jones FA (1960) An assessment of prednisone, salazopyrin, and topical hydrocortisone hemisuccinate used as out-patient treatment of ulcerative colitis. Gut 1:217
Lennard-Jones JE, Baron JH, Connell AM, Jones FA (1962) A double-blind trial of prednisolone-21-phosphate suppositories in the treatment of idiopathic proctitis. Gut 3:207–210
Lennard-Jones JE, Misiewicz JJ, Connell AM, Baron JH, Jones FA (1965) Prednisone as a maintenance treatment for ulcerative colitis in remission. Lancet I:188–189
Levi AJ, Fisher AM, Hughes L, Hendry WF (1979) Male infertility due to sulphasalazine. Lancet II:276
Levy G, Leonards JR, Procknal AJ (1957) Interpretation of in vitro dissolution data relative to gastrointestinal absorption characteristics of drugs in tablets. J Pharm Sci 56:1365
Lewis GP, Piper PJ (1975) Inhibition of release of prostaglandines as an explanation of some of the actions of anti-inflammatory corticosteroids. Nature 254:308–311
Lewis GP, Jusko P, Burke WJ, Graves L (1971) Prednison side-effects and serum protein levels. A collaborative study. Lancet II:778–780
Lezoche E, Vagni V, Esperanza V (1978) Elevated vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) levels in patients with the short bowel syndrome (SBS). Gastroenterology 74:1132
Loran MR, Carbone JV (1968) The humoral effect of intestinal resection on cellular proliferation and maturation in parabiotic rats. In: Sullivan MP (ed) Gastrointestinal radiation injury. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp 127–141
Lubran M, McAllen PM (1951) Potassium deficiency in ulcerative colitis. Q J Med 20:22
Mackay IR, Wall AJ, Goldstein G (1966) Response to Azathioprin in ulcerative colitis. Am J DigDis 11:536–545
MacDougall J (1963) Treatment of ulcerative colitis with rectal steroids. Lancet I:826
MacGregor RB, Sheagren JN, Lipsett MP, Wolff SM (1969) Alternate-day prednisone therapy. Evoluation of delayed hypersensitivity responses, control of disease and steroid side-effect. N Engl J Med 280:1427
MacKay IR, Wall AJ, Goldstein G (1966) Response to Azathioprine in ulcerative colitis. Am J DigDis 2:537
Magyar I, Kovacs A (1970) Die Behandlung der Colitis ulcerosa. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 95:2375
Mainguet P, Fiasse R (1977) Double-blind placebo-controlled study of loperamide (Imodium) in chronic diarrhoea caused by ileocolic disease or resection. Gut 18:575–579
Makinodan T, Santos GW, Quinn RP (1970) Immunosuppressive drugs. Pharmacol Rev 22:189–247
Mani V, Lloyd G, Green FHY, Fox H, Turnberg LA (1976) Treatment of ulcerative colitis with oral disodium cromoglycate. A double-blind controlled trial. Lancet I:439–441
Markus J A, Wright LT, Strax S (1949) Treatment of chronic non-specific ulcerative colitis with aureomycin. A preliminary report. Am J Med 7:180
Martini GA, Brandes JW (1976) Increased consumption of refined carbohydrates in patients with Crohn’s disease. Klin Wochenschr 54:367–371
Matts SGF (1961) Intrarectal treatment of 100 cases of ulcerative colitis with prednisolone-21-phosphate eremato. Br Med J I:165
Matts SGF (1962) Combined steroid therapy of fulminating ulcerative colitis. Br Med J I:1045
Matts SGF, Flavell W (1962) Betamethasone enemata in ulcerative colitis. Gut 3:312–314
Matts SGF, Wharton BA, Kelleher J, Walters G (1963) Adrenal cortical and pituitary function after intrarectal steroid therapy. Br Med J I:24
Mayberry JF, Rhodes J, Newcombe RG (1978) Breakfast and dietary aspects of Crohn’s disease. Br Med J IV: 1401
McArdle HH, Echave W, Brown RA, Thompson AG (1974) Effect of elemental diet on pancreatic secretion. Am J Surg 128:690
Mekhjian HS, Phillips SF, Hofmann AF (1971) Colonic secretion of water and electrolytes induced by bile acid: perfusion studies in man. J Clin Invest 50:1569–1577
Mekhjian HS, Smitz DM, Rankin GB, Deren JJ, Singleton JW (1978) National Cooperative Crohn’s Disease Study (NCCDS): factor determining recurrence rate after surgery. Gastroenterology 74:1066
Meneloff AI (1967) Comment on: Intermittent steroid therapy for ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 53:801
Menge H, Gräte M, Lorez-Meyer H, Riecken EO (1975) The influence of food intake on the development of structural and functional adaption following ileal resection in the rat. Gut 10:468
Menge H, Robinson JWC, Riecken EO (1976) Anpassungsmöglichkeiten der Dünndarmschleimhaut an verschiedene intraluminale Milieuveränderungen. Z Gastroenterol 14:24
Mennie AT, Dalley VM, Dinneen LC, Collier HO J (1975) Treatment of radiation-induced gastrointestinal distress with acetylsalicylate. Lancet II:942–943
Meyer-Rohn J (1969) Persönliche Mitteilung
Meyers S, Janowitz HD (1978) The place of steroids in the therapy of toxic megacolon. Gastroenterology 75:729–731
Michlmayr G, Günther G, Lederer B, Huber H (1973) Malignes Lymphom nach zweijähriger immunsuppressiver Therapie einer Periarteriitis nodosa. Med Klin 68:180–182
Miller B, Fervers F, Rohbeck R, Stromeyer G (1976) Zuckerkonsum bei Patienten mit Morbus Crohn. Verh Dtsch Ges Inn Med 82:922–924
Misiewicz J J, Connell AM, Lennard-Jones JE (1964) Comparison of oral and rectal steroids in the treatment of proctocolitis. Proc R Soc Med 59:561–562
Misiewicz JJ, Lennard-Jones JE, Connell AG, Baron JH, Jones FA (1965) Controlled trial of sulphasalazine in maintenance therapy of ulcerative colitis. Lancet I:185–188
Misiewicz J J, Waller SL, Kiley N (1969) Effect of oral prostaglandin E 1 on intestinal transit in man. Lancet 1:648–651
Mitchell J, Zuckerman L, Breuer RI (1977) The colon influences ileal resection diarrhoea. Gastroenterology 72:1103
Mitelman F, Hartley B, Asp R, Ursing B (1976) Chromosome aberrations and metronidazole. Lancet II:802
Moertel CG, Bargen J A (1959) A critical analysis of the use of salicylazosulfapyridine in chronic ulcerative colitis. Ann Intern Med 51:897
Molin L, Stendahl O (1979) The effect of sulfasalazine and its active components on human polymorphonuclear leukozyte function in relation to ulcerative colitis. Acta Med Scand 206:451
Montgomery RD, Frazer AC, Hood C, Goodhart JM, Holland MR, Schneider R (1968) Studies of intestinal fermentation in ulcerative colitis. Gut 9:521–526
Moore PK, Hoult JRS, Laurie AS (1978) Prostaglandins and mechanism of action of sulphasalazine in ulcerative colitis. Lancet II: 98–99
Moossa AR, Hall AW, Skinner DB, Winans CS (1976) Effect of fifty percent small bowel resection on gastric secretory function in rhesus monkey. Surgery 80:208–213
Mornington B (1977) Nebenwirkungen von Azathioprin (Imurek (R)) beim Menschen. 10. Europäischer Kongreß für Allergologie und klinische Immunologic Prag, September 1977
Morrison LM (1953) Medical treatment of chronic ulcerative colitis. J Am Med Assoc 153:1580
Moss A A, Carbone JV, Kressel HY (1977) Successful treatment of Crohn’s disease with broad spectrum antibiotics: initial and long-term results. Gastroenterology 72:83
Mowat NAG, Douglas AS, Prunt PW, Mcintosh JAR, King PC, Boddy K (1973) Epsilon-aminocapronic acid therapy in ulcerative colitis. Am J Dig Dis 18:959–965
Mullen JL, Hargrove WC, Dudrick SJ, Fitts WT, Rosato EF (1978) Ten years experience with intervenous hyperalimentation and inflammatory bowel disease. Ann Surg 187:523–529
Müller-Wieland K (1966) Rektale Instillationen von Betamethason bei Colitis ulcerosa. Med Klin 61:597
Müller-Wieland K, Freyberger H (1968) Funktionelle Storungen bei chronisch-rezidivierender Kolitis und Proctosigmoiditis ulcerosa in der Remission. Z Gastroenterol 6:196
Multicentre Trial (1971) Betamethasone 17-valerate and prednisolone 21-phosphate retention enemata in proctocolitis. Br Med J III:84–86
Multicentre Trial (1977) Sulphasalazine in asymptomatic Crohn’s disease. Gut 18:69–72
Nelson LE (1957) Über Colitis ulcerosa. Beitrag zum heutigen Stand der Therapie. Minn Med 40:552
Newton CR (1978) Effect of codeine phosphate, Lomotil and Isogel on ileostomy function. Gut 19:377–383
Neschis M, Siegelmann S, Parker JG (1968) Diagnosis and management of the megacolon of ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 55:251
Ng RP, Vicary FR (1976) Cell-mediated immunity and transfer factor in Crohn’s disease. Br Med J III:87–88
Nord E, Douer D, Kessler E, Pinkhas J, Vries A de (1976) Sclerosing reticulum cell sarcoma following prolonged treatment with azathioprine for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Scand J Haematol 17:321–325
Norman AP, Sanders S (1969) Effect of corticotrophin on skeletal maturation and linear growth in six patients with severe asthma. Lancet I:287–289
Northfield TC, Roberts CI (1972) Intraabdominal abscesses due to azathioprine for Crohn’s disease. Gut 13:124–127
Nygaard K (1974) Small bowel resection and by-pass. In: Dowling RH, Riecken EO (eds) Intestinal adaption. Schattauer, Stuttgart New York, pp 47–57
O-Donoghue DP, Dawson AM, Powell-Tuck J, Bown RL, Lennard-Jones JE (1978a) Double-blind withdrawal trial of azathioprine as maintenance treatment for Crohn’s disease. Lancet II: 955–957
O’Donoghue DP, Dawson AM, Powell-Tuck J, Bown RL, Buckel NA, Burnham WR, Gould SR, Williams CB, Lennard-Jones JE (1978b) Azathioprine as a maintenance for Crohn’s disease: a double-blind withdrawal trial. Gastroenterology 74: A 1138
Okada A, Takagi Y, Itakura T (1976) Skin lesions during intravenous hyperalimentation: Zinc deficiency. Surgery 80:629
O’Sullivan PM (1960) Topical corticosteroid therapy in ulcerative colitis. Can Med Assoc J 83:1295
Ota DM, Imbembo AL, Zuidema GD (1978) Total parenteral nutrition. Surgery 83:503–520
Parkinson DR, Cano PO, Jerry LM, Capek A, Shibata HR, Mansell PW, Glewis M, Marquis G (1977) Complications of cancer immunotherapy with levamisole. Lancet I:1129–1131
Patterson M (1958) Studies on the absorption of hydrocortisone from the colon of patients with idiopathic ulcerative colitis. Tex Rep Biol Med 16:508
Patterson M, McGivney J (1959) The treatment of nonspecific ulcerative colitis by the topical administration of the cortisteroids. Gastroenterology 36:480
Pelemans W, Vantrappen G (1976) A double-blind crossover comparison of loperamide with diphenoxylate in the symptomatic treatment of chronic diarrhea. Gastroenterology 70:1030–1034
Penn I, Hammond W, Brettschneider L (1969) Malignant lymphoma in transplantation patients. Transplant Proc I:106–112
Penn J (1974) Chemical immunosuppression and human cancer. Cancer 34:Suppl. 1474–1480
Peppercorn MA, Goldman P (1972) The role of intestinale bacteria in the metabolism of salicylazo-sulphapyridine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 181:555
Peppercorn MA, Goldman P (1973) Distribution studies of salicylazosulphapyridine and its metabolites. Gastroenterology 64:240–245
Pepys J, Hargreave FE, Chan M, McCarthy DS (1968) Inhibitory effects of disodium cromoglycate on allergen inhalation tests. Lancet II: 134–137
Perl S (1977) Sulphasalazine-induced lupus syndrome in ulcerative colitis. Br Med J II: 1188
Perrault J, Devroede G, Bounous G (1973) Effects of an elemental diet in healthy volonteers. Gastroenterology 64:569
Pieniaszek HJ, Bates TR (1976) Cholestyramine-induced inhibition of salicylazosulfapyridine (sulfasalazine) metabolism by rat intestinal microflora. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 198:240–245
Pories WJ, Henzel JH, Rob CG, Strain WH (1967) Acceleration of wound healing in man with zinc sulphate given by month. Lancet I:121–124
Pounder RE, Craven ER, Henthorn JS, Bannatyne JM (1975) Red cell abnomalities associated with sulphasalazine maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis. Gut 18:181–185
Powell-Tuck J, Lennard-Jones JE, May CS, Wilson CG, Patterson JW (1976) Plasma prednisolone levels after administration of prednisolone-21-phosphate as a retention enema in colitis. Br Med J I:193–195
Powell-Tuck J, Buckel NA, Lennard-Jones JE (1977) A controlled comparison of corticotrophin and hydrocortisone in the treatment of severe proctocolitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 12:971–975
Present DH, Wisch N, Glass JL, Korelitz BI (1977) The efficiency of immunosuppressive therapy in Crohn’s disease. A randomized long term double-blind study. Gastroenterology 72: A 91/1114
Rachail M, Pellet R, Bruttmann G, Coulomb M, Faure H (1973) Le traitement de la maladie de Crohn par le BCG selon la méthode de Geoffroy. A propos de 8 observations. Sem Hôp (Paris) 49:3067–3071
Radomski JL, Mellinger TJ (1962) The absorption, fate and excretion in rats of the watersoluble azo dyes, FD and C red no. 2, FD and T red no.4 and C yellow no. 6. J Pharmacol (Kyoto) 136:259
Rafoth RJ (1974) Systemic granulomatous reaction to salicylazosulfapyridine (Azulfidine) in a patient with Crohn’s disease. Am J Dig Dis 19:465–469
Randall RA (1967) Renal failure following antibiotics. Ann Intern Med 66:1052–1053
Rask-Madsen J (1973) Sieving characteristics of inflamed rectal mucosa. Gut 14:988–989
Rask-Madsen J, Bukhave K (1978) Indomethacin-responsive diarrhoea in irritable bowel syndrome. Gut 19: A 448
Rault RM, Scribner BH (1977) Treatment of Crohn’s disease with home parenteral nutrition. Gastroenterology 72:1249–1252
Reilly J, Ryan J A, Strole W, Fischer JE (1976) Hyperalimentation in inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Surg 131:192–200
Riis P (1976) Prospective studies of medical treatment in Crohn’s disease (exemplified by personal experience with randomized trials). In: Westermann IT, Pena AS, Booth CC (eds) The management of Crohn’s disease. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam Oxford, p 264
Riis P, Anthonisen P, Wulff HR, Folkenborg O, Bonne vie O, Binder V (1972) The prophylactic effect of salazosulphapyridine in ulcerative colitis during long-term treatment. A double-blind trial on patients asymptomatic for one year. Scand J Gastroenterol 8:71–74
Riis P, Binder V, Kirstensen M, Folkenborg O, Holtz A, Jarnum S (1979) The relapse-preventing effect of methyl-salazosulphapyridine compared to salazosulphapyridine during long-term treatment of ulcerative colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 14:257
Rhodes J, Bainton D, Beck P, C&bell H (1971) Controlled trial of azathioprin in Crohn’s disease. Lancet 11:1273–1276
Rhodes J, Smith RM, Hughes LE, Crosby DL, Rees B, Jones H, Heatley RV, Evans KT, Lawrie BW (1977) Effect of low dose steroids on clinical relaps in Crohn’s disease. Gut 18:952
Robert A (1979) Cytoprotection by prostaglandins. Gastroenterology 77:761
Robinson OPW (1973) Metoclopramide — a new pharmacolopical approach? Postgrad Med J 49 (Suppl):9
Rocchio MA, Mo Cha CH, Haas KF (1974) Use of chemically defined diets in the management of patients with acute inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Surg 127:469
Rodgers JB, Bernard HR, Balint J A (1976) Colonic infusion in the management of the short bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 70:186–189
Rosenberg JL, Levin B, Wall AJ, Kirsner JB (1975) A controlled trial of azathioprine in Crohn’s disease. Am J Dig Dis 20:721–726
Roth DA, Lindert MEF (1959) A fatal case of azulfidine-induced agranulocytose. Gastroenterology 37:787
Russel R (1975) Progress report: elemental diet. Gut 16:68
Sahi T (1978) Progress report: Dietary lactose and aetiology of human small intestinal hypolactasia. Gut 19:1074–1086
Salem SN, Truelove SC (1965) Small-intestinal and gastric abnormalities in ulcerative colitis. Br Med J 1:827–831
Salter RH, Read AE (1970) Epsilon-aminocapronic — acid therapy in ulcerative colitis. Gut 11:585–587
S&son PA, Brooke PN (1963) Absorption of hydrocortisone from large bowel. Lancet I:701
Sanbar SS, West KM (1961) Rectal absorption of radioactive 6-alpha-methyl prednisolone in ulcerative colitis. Lebanese Med J 14:380
Scheiffarth F, Warnatz H (1969) Langzeitbehandlung von Immunopathien unter besonderer Berücksichtigung immunsuppressiver Medikamente. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 94:2444
Schein PS, Winokur SH (1975) Immunosuppressive and cytotoxic chemotherapy. Long-term complication. Ann Intern Med 82:84–85
Scheline R, Longberg RB (1965) The absorption, metabolism, and exaction of the sulfrated azo dye. Acid yellow, by rat. Acta Pharmacol (Kbh) 23:1
Scheline RR, Nygaard RT (1970) Encymatic reduction of the azo dye. Acid yellow, by extracts of Streptococcus faecalis isolated from rat intestine. Food Cosmet Toxicol 8:55
Schmähl F (1971) Nebenwirkungen zytostatischer Therapie unter besonderer Berücksichtigung potentieller karzinogener Wirkungen. Internist 12:115–119
Schneider RE, Beeley L (1977) Megaloblastic anaemia associated with sulphasalazine treatment. Br Med J 11:1638–1639
Schröder H, C&bellDES (1972 b) Absorption, metabolism and excretion of salicylazosulphapyridine in man. Clin Pharmacol Ther 13:539
Schroder H, Evans DA (1972 a) Acetylator phenotype and adverse effect of sulphasalazine in healthy subjects. Gut 13:278–284
Schulze-Delrieu K (1979) Metoclopramide. Gastroenterology 77:768
Seelig LL, Winborn WB (1977) Effect of small bowel resection on the gastric mucosa in the rat. Gastroenterology 74:421–428
Seelig LL, Winborn WB, Weser E (1978) Changes in gastric glandular cell kinetics after small bowel resection in the rat. Gastroenterology 74:1–6
Segal AW, Levy AJ, Loewi G (1977) Levamisole in the treatment of Crohn’s disease. Lancet II:382–384
Sharon P, Ligumsky M, Rachmilewitz D, Zorn V (1978) Role of prostaglandins in ulcerative colitis enhanced production during active disease and inhibition by sulfasalazine. Gastroenterology 75:638–640
Silk DBA, Chung YC, Berger KL, Conley K, Beigler M, Sleisinger MH, Spiller GA, Kim YS (1979) Comparison of oral feeding of peptide and amino acid meals to normal human subjects. Gut 20:291
Singleton JW (1976) The National Cooperative Crohn’s Disease Study (NCCDS): Preliminary results of part I. Gastroenterology 70:A–80/938
Singleton JW (1977) The National Cooperative Crohn’s Disease Study (NCCDS): Results of drug treatment. Gastroenterology 72: A–110/1133
Singleton JW, Law DH, Kelley ML, Mekhjian HS, Sturdevant RAL (1979) National Cooperative Crohn’s Disease Study: Adverse reactions to study drugs. Gastroenterology 77:870
Singleton JW, Summers RW, Kern F, Becktel JM, Best WR, Hansen RN, Winship DH (1979) A trial of sulfasalazine as adjunctive therapy in Crohn’s disease. Gastroenterology 77:887
Smith AN, Balfour TW (1972) Malabsorption in Crohn’s disease. Clin Gastroenterol 1:433
Smith PR, Dawson DJ, Swan CHJ (1978) Prostaglandins and sulphasalazine. Lancet II:260
Smith RC, Rhodes J, Heatley RV, Hughes LE, Crosby DL, Rees BI, Jones H, Evans KT, Lawrie BW (1978) Low dose steroids and clinical relapse in Crohn’s disease: a controlled trial. Gut 19:600–610
Sodomann C-P, Gropp C (1979) Wie groß ist die Malignomgefahr durch Immunosuppressiva? Internist (Berlin) 20:571
Solomons NW, Vo-Khactu K, Sandstead HH, Rosenberg IH (1974) Zinc nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease. In: Fifth World Congr. of Gastroenterology, Abstr. p 263. Mexican Society of Gastroenterology, Mexico City 1974
Soong CS, Thompson JB, Poley JR, Hess DR (1972) Hydroxy fatty acid in human diarrhea. Gastroenterology 63:748–757
Sotolongo RP, Neefe LI, Rudzki C, Ishak KG (1978) Hypersensitivity reaction to sulfasalazine with severe hepatotoxicity. Gastroenterology 75:95–99
Spencer J A, Kirsner JB (1960) Rectal obsorption of 6 alpha CI 4 —1+3 prednisolone. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 103:74
Spencer JA, Kirsner JB (1962) Treatment of ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol 37:17
Spencer JA, Kirsner JB, Palmer WL (1960) Rectal absorption of 6-alpha-C14-H3 prednisolone. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 103:74
Spencer J A, Mlynaryk KP, Reed PJ, Palmer WL (1962) Immediate and prolonged therapeutic effects of corticotrophin and adrenal steroids in ulcerative colitis: observation in 340 cases for periods up to ten years. Gastroenterology 42:113
Spiro HM (1960) Clinical and pathologic observations in steroidtreated ulcerative colitis. Am J Dig Dis 5:548
Spüth G, Nöcker J (1962) Die konservative Therapie der Colitis ulcerosa. Med Klin 57:794
Staffer MH, Sauer WG, Dearing WH (1965) The spectrum of cholestatic hepatic disease. J Am Med Assoc 191:829–837
Stephens RV, Randall HT (1969) Use of a concentrated, balanced, liquid elemental diet for nutritional management of catabolic states. Ann Surg 170:642
Straus E, Gerson CD, Yalow RS (1974) Hypersecretion of gastrin associated with the short bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 66:175–180
Strax S, Markus JA, Wright LT (1951) Treatment of non-specific ulcerative colitis with aureomycin. Rev Gastroenterol 18:413
Streicher MH, Jackson GG, Kniering R (1953) Chronic ulcerative colitis, longtime studies on clinical and bacteriologic response to auremycin. Gastroenterology 23:572
Sturdevant RAL, Singleton JW, Deren JJ, Law DH, McCleery JL (1979) Azathioprine-related pancreatitis in patients with Crohn’s disease. Gastroenterology 77:883
Summers RW, Singleton JW (1977) National Cooperative Crohn’s Disease Study (NCCDS): a controlled prospective trial of three drugs as placebo. Gut 18:972–973
Summers RW, Sessions JT, Switz DM, Singleton JW (1978) National Cooperative Crohn’s Disease Study (NCCDS): response of subgroups to drug treatment. Gastroenterology 74:1100
Summers RW, Switz DM, Sessions JT, Becktel JM, Brest WR, Kern F, Singleton JW (1979) National Cooperative Crohn’s Disease Study: Results of rug treatment. Gastroenterology 77:847
Svartz N (1941) Ess. nyss. sulfonamid preparat. Nord Med 9:554
Svartz N (1956) Die Behandlung der Colitis ulcerosa. Gastroenterologia 86:683
Svartz N (1960) In: Colitis ulcerosa. Panel-discussion. Int. Congr. of Gastroenterology, Leyden 1960
Swarbrick ET, O’Donoghue DP (1979) Levamisole in Crohn’s disease. Lancet I:392
Swarbrick ET, Loose H, Lennard-Jones JE (1974) Enema volume is an important factor in successful topical corticosteroid treatment of colitis. Proc R Soc Med 67:753–754
Symington GR, Mackay ER, Lambert RP (1977) Cancer and teratogenesis: infrequent occurrence after medical use of immunosuppressive drugs. Aust NZ J Med 7:368–372
Temperly JM, Stagg BH, Wylie JH (1971) Disappearance of gastrin and pentagastrin in the portal circulation. Gut 12:372–376
Thayer WR, Charland C, Field C (1976) Salazopyrin and its effect on lymphocyte subpopulations and functions. Gastroenterology 70:942
Thayer WR, Charland C, Field CE (1979) Effect of sulfasalazine on selected lymphocyte subpopulations in vivo and in vitro. Dig Dis Sci 24:672
Thirkettle JL, Gough R, Read AE (1963) Agranulocytosis associated with sulphasalazine (Salazopyrin) therapy. Lancet I:1395
Tompkins RK, Waisman J, Watt CMH, Corlin R, Keith R (1977) Absence of mucosal atrophy in human small intestine after prolonged isolation. Gastroenterology 73:1406–1409
Toth A (1979) Reversible toxic effect of salazosulfapyridine. Fertil Steril 31:538
Toth A (1979) Male infertility due to sulphasalazine. Lancet II:904
Traub AI, Thompson W, Carville J (1979) Male infertility due to sulphasalazine. Lancet II:639
Truelove SC (1958 a) Treatment of ulcerative colitis with local hydrocortisone hemisuccinate sodium. Report on a controlled therapeutic trial. Br Med J II: 1072–1077
Truelove SC (1958 b) Treatment of ulcerative colitis with local hydrocortisone. Proc R Soc Med 51:429
Truelove SC (1960 a) Local corticosteroid treatment in severe attacks of ulcerative colitis. Br Med J I:102
Truelove SC (1960 b) Systemic and local cortisonsteroid therapy in ulcerative colitis. Br Med J I:464–467
Truelove SC (1965) Ulcerative colitis provocated by milk. Br Med J I:154
Truelove SC, Jewell DP (1974) Intensive intravenous regimen for severe attacks of ulcerative colitis. Lancet I:1067–1070
Truelove SC, Witts L-J (1955) Cortisone in ulcerative colitis. Final report on a therapeutic trial. Br Med J II:1041–1048
Truelove SC, Witts L-J (1959) Cortison and corticotropin in ulcerative colitis. Br Med J I:387
Truelove SC, Watkinson G, Draper G (1962) Comparison of corticosteroid and sulphasalazine therapy in ulcerative colitis. Br Med J II:1708–1711
Truelove SC, Willoughby CP, Lee EG, Kettlewell MGW (1978) Further experience in the treatment of severe attacks of Ulcerative colitis. Lancet II: 1086–1088
Turnberg LA (1979) The pathophysiology of diarrhoea. Clin Gastroenterol 8:551
Tydd TF, Dyer NH (1976) Sulphasalazine lung. Med J Aust 14:570–573
Tytgat GN (1975) Loperamide and ileostomy output. Br Med J III:489
Tytgat GN, Huibregtse K (1975) Loperamide and ileostomy output: placebo-controlled double-blind crossover study. Br Med J II: 667
Ursing B, Kamme C (1975) Metronidazole for Crohn’s disease. Lancet I:775–777
Valentin N, Nelsen OV, Olesen KH (1975) Muscle cell electrolytes in ulcerative and Crohn’s disease. Digestion 13:284–290
Van der Waay D, Cohen BJ, Anver MR (1974) Mitigation of experimental inflammatory bowel disease in guinea pigs by selective elimination of the aerobic Gram-negative intestinal microflora. Gastroenterology 67:460
Van Hees PA, van Elferen L, Margry R, van Rossum JM, van Tongeren JH (1976) Factors that may influence the effect of Salazopyrin. In: Weterman IT, Pena AS, Booth CC (eds) The management of Crohn’s disease. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam Oxford, p 175
Vicary FR, Chambers JD, Dhillon P (1979) Double-blind trial of the use of transfer factor in the treatment of Crohn’s disease. Gut 20:408
Voitk AJ, Echave V, Brown JH, Gurd FN (1973a) Experience with elemental diet in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Arch Surg 107:329
Voitk AJ, Echave V, Brown RA, Gurd FN (1973b) Use of elemental diet during the adaptive stage of short gut syndrome. Gastroenterology 65:419–426
Vormittag W (1974) Zytostatische immunodepressive Therapie, chromosomale Aberrationen und karzinogene Wirkung. Wien Klin Wochenschr 86:69–75
Walker ARP, Walker BF (1969) Bowel motility and colonic cancer. Br Med J III:238
Walker SR, Evans ME, Richards AJ, Paterson JW (1972) The fate of (14 C) disodium cromoglycate in man. J Pharm Pharmacol 24:525–531
Ward M, McManus JPA (1975) Dapsone in Crohn’s disease. Lancet I:1236–1237
Watkinson G (1958) Treatment of ulcerative colitis with topical hydrocortisone hemisuccinate sodium. A controlled trial employing restricted sequential analysis. Br Med J II:1077–1082
Watkinson G (1961) Medical management of ulcerative colitis. Br Med J I:147
Watkinson G (1962) Dieärztliche Behandlung der Colitis ulcerosa. Med Klin 57:1469
Webster LT, Butterworth AE, Mahmoud AAF, Mngola EN, Warren KS (1975) Suppression of delayed hypersensitivity in schistosome-infected patients by niridazole. N Engl J Med 292:1144–1147
Weis J (1963) Investigation on some experimental inflammations in mouse paws. Med Exp 8:1
Weis J (1973) Determination of salicyl-azo-sulphapyridine, sulphapyridine and acetylated sulphapyridine in the serum and milk of a nursing mother. Internal Pharmacia Report Pharmacia AB, Uppsala
Weissmann G (1967) The role of lysosomes in inflammation and disease. Ann Rev Med 18:97–112
Wenckert A, Kristensen M, Eklund AE, Barany F, Jarnum S, Worning H, Fokenborg O, Holtz A, Bonnevie O, Riis P (1976) The long-term prophylactic effect of salazosulphapyridine (Salazopyrin (R)) in primarily resected patients with Crohn’s disease. A controlled double-blind trial. Scand J Gastroenterol 11: Suppl 38, 93
Wenckert A, Kristensen M, Eklund AE, Barany F, Jarnum S, Worning H, Folkenberg O, Holtz A, Bonnevie O, Riis P (1978) The long-term prophylactic effect of salazosulphapyridine (Salazopyrin) in primarily resected patients with Crohn’s disease. A controlled double-blind trial. Scand Gastroenterol 13:161–167
Wesdorp E, Schellekens PTA, Weening R, Meuwissen SG, Tytgat GNJ (1977) Levamisole in Crohn’s disease — a double-blind controlled trial. Gut 18:971–972
West B, Lendrum R, Hill, MJ, Walker G (1974) Effects of sulphasalazine (Salazopyrin) on faecal flora in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 15:960–965
Whittington PF, Barnes V, Bay less TM (1977) Medical management of Crohn’s disease in adolescence. Gastroenterology 72:1338–1344
Wickbom G, Landor JH, Bushkin FL, McGuigan JE (1975) Changes in canine gastric and output and serum gastrin levels following massive small intestinal resection. Gastroenterology 69:448–452
Willoughby CP, Heyworth MF, Piris J, Truelove SC (1979) Comparison of disodium cormoglycate and sulfasalazine as maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis. Lancet I:119–122
Willoughby JMT, Gyte GML (1976) Effect of azathioprine on cell-mediated immunity in Crohn’s disease. Gut 17:399
Willoughby JMT, Kumar PJ, Beckett J, Dawson AM (1971) Controlled trial of azathioprine in Crohn’s disease. Lancet II:944–947
Wilmanns W (1971) Immunbiologische Grundlagen der medikamentösen Immunsuppression. In: Ricken D, Schumacher K (Hrsg) Medikamentöse Immunsuppression. Thieme, Stuttgart
Winawer SJ, Broitman SA, Wolochow DA, Osborne MP, Zamcheck N (1966) Successful management of massive-small bowel resection based on assessment of absorption defects and nutritional needs. N Engl Med 274:72–78
Windsor CWO, Fejfar J, Woodward DAK (1969) Gastric secretion after massive small bowel secretion. Gut 10:779–786
Winitz M, Seedman DA, Graff J (1970) Studies in metabolic nutrition employing chemically defined diets. Am J Clin Nutr 23:525
Wittenborg A, Zeidler H, Geisthövel W (1973) Alternierende Corticoidtherapie bei chronischer Polyarthritis. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 98:919
Wood WA, Walters G, Matts SGF (1964) Urinary excretion of prednisolone after intrarectal therapy in ulcerative colitis. Br Med J II: 1045
Wretline A (1972) Complete intravenous nutrition. Nutr Metab [Suppl] 14:1–57
Wright HK, Tilson MD (1973) Postoperative disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Grune & Stratton, New York London
Wright LT, Strax S, Markus JA (1950) Treatment of non-specific ulcerative colitis with aureomycin. Ann West Med Surg 4:717
Wright R (1970) Ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 58:875–897
Wright R, Truelove SC (1965 a) A controlled therapeutic trial of diets in ulcerative colitis. Br Med J II:138
Wright R, Truelove SC (1965 b) A controlled clinical trial of various types of diet in ulcerative colitis. Gut 6:203
Wyburn-Mason R (1979) SLE and lymphoma. Lancet I:156
Young EA, Heuler N, Russell P, Weser E (1975) Comparative nutritional analysis of chemically defined diets. Gastroenterology 69:1338–1345
Zetzel L, Atin HL (1938) A.C.T.H. and adrenal corticosteroids in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Am J Dig Dis 3:916
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1982 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Müller-Wieland, K., Braun, W. (1982). Konservative Therapie. In: Bläker, F., et al. Dickdarm. Handbuch der inneren Medizin, vol 3 / 4. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67945-2_25
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67945-2_25
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-67946-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-67945-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive