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Formen der neuromuskulären Blockade, Typen von Muskelrelaxanzien

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Muskelrelaxanzien

Part of the book series: Klinische Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie ((KAI,volume 22))

Zusammenfassung

Während des ersten Jahrzehnts klinischer Anwendung der künstlichen Muskelerschlaffung kannte man nur die durch Kurare hervorgerufene kompetitive neuromuskuläre (nm) Blockade. In den Jahren 1949 und 1950 kamen Decamethonium (DEKA) und Succinylcholin (SC) hinzu, die die neuromuskuläre Überleitung mittels einer Dauerdepolarisation der Muskel Zellmembran unterbrechen (3, A, 5). Alle fortan neu entwickelten Muskelrelaxanzien (MR) wurden einer dieser beiden Blockformen zugeordnet. Bei der pharmakologischen Untersuchung der sogenannten depolarisierenden Pharmaka wurden jedoch sehr bald Formen der neuromuskulären Blockade beschrieben, die nicht ohne weiteres in dieses Konzept paßten und deren Verständnis bis heute für den Kliniker eher schwieriger als einfacher wurde. Deshalb soll in den folgenden Ausführungen der Versuch unternommen werden, nach Erläuterung der klassischen Zweiteilung der Formen neuromuskulärer Blockade die Problematik der Übergangsformen und deren klinische Bedeutung darzulegen.

Herrn Prof. Dr. K. Wiemers zum 60. Gebrtstag gewidmet.

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Buzello, W., Kiss, I. (1980). Formen der neuromuskulären Blockade, Typen von Muskelrelaxanzien. In: Ahnefeld, F.W., et al. Muskelrelaxanzien. Klinische Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, vol 22. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67817-2_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67817-2_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-10365-3

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