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Hypnotics

  • Chapter
Psychotropic Agents

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 55 / 3))

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Abstract

The general concept of hypnotic drugs is a vague one. Hypnotics alter the function of many parts of the brain which results not only in the more rapid onset and persistence of sleep, but changes in levels of consciousness, arousability, and mood, as well as in cognitive and motor function. Furthermore, most hypnotics have been subject to abuse, induce tolerance, and produce or satisfy dependencies. In general, hypnotics are used to treat patients who complain of sleep disorders which are commonly associated with discomforting anxieties or emotional and psychic trauma. Thus, the treatment of sleep disorders cannot be dissociated from the treatment of anxiety and affective disorders. Approximately one-fifth to one-third of the general population has sleep disorders (Bixler et al., 1976). At one time or another, 85% of patients complaining of sleep disorders have psychopathology as indicated by abnormal Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) profiles (Kales and Kales, 1974).

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  1. W. R. Martin
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  1. Institut für Pharmakologie, Bayer AG, Aprather Weg 18a, D-5600, Wuppertal 1, Germany

    F. Hoffmeister

  2. Institut für Arzneimittel des Bundesgesundheitsamtes, Stauffenbergstraße 13, D-1000, Berlin 30, Germany

    G. Stille

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Martin, W.R. (1982). Hypnotics. In: Hoffmeister, F., Stille, G. (eds) Psychotropic Agents. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 55 / 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67770-0_14

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