Abstract
In many parts of the earth there are natural barriers to the spread of forests. In subpolar regions it is cold temperatures, in the subtropics it can be drought, and in temperate zones it may be extreme soil conditions, such as salinity and water logging, or on sea coasts and on the tops of isolated hills it can be fierce winds which halt the forest (Ellenberg, 1966).
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© 1979 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg
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Tranquillini, W. (1979). General Features of the Upper Timberline. In: Physiological Ecology of the Alpine Timberline. Ecological Studies, vol 31. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67107-4_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67107-4_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-67109-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-67107-4
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