Abstract
The electronic properties of the low-lying excited singlet states of the visual chromophores have been the subject of considerable interest and controversy during the past decade. The interest in the problem is primarily due to the important role of the excited singlet state manifold in determining the photo-physical mechanism of vertebrate vision [1]. The controversy is associated with the inherent difficulty in experimentally determining the excited state level orderings in these molecules due to their broad, structureless electronic absorption bands [2]. For example, the lowest excited singlet state of all-trans retinal has variously been assigned as “1A *-g ” (π, π*)4, “1B *-u ” (π, π*)4, or 1(n, π*) in the literature [1–5].
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University of California Regents graduate student fellow, 1976-present.
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References
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The two-photon spectrum of all-trans retinol presented in the above reference has been independently verified by H. Fang and G.E. Leroi using a Q-switched ruby-pumped dye laser. A preliminary discussion of the two-photon spectroscopy of polyenes was presented at the 32nd Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy, Columbus, Ohio, June 1977.
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Birge, R.R., Bennett, J.A., Fang, H.LB., Leroi, G.E. (1978). The Two-Photon Spectroscopy of All-Trans Retinal and Related Polyenes. In: Zewail, A.H. (eds) Advances in Laser Chemistry. Springer Series in Chemical Physics, vol 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67054-1_34
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67054-1_34
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