Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Symptomatology, Pathology and Treatment of the Bites of Viperid Snakes

  • Chapter
Snake Venoms

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 52))

Abstract

The present chapter deals with clinical problems concerning bites of certain viperid snakes, often included in the subfamily of Viperinae, such as Atractaspis, Bitis, Cerastes, Echis, and Vipera. Bites by crotalid snakes are discussed in Chapter 27.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Ahuja, M.L., Singh, G.: Snakebite in India. In: Venoms, pp. 341–351. Washington, D.C.: Amer. Ass. Advanc. Sci. 1956

    Google Scholar 

  • Allon, N., Kochva, E.: The quantities of venom injected into prey of different size by Vípera palestinae in a single bite. J. exp. Zool. 138, 71–75 (1974)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ameratunga, B.: Middle cerebral occlusion following Russell’s viper bite. J. trop. Med. Hyg. 75, 95–97 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arnold, R.E.: Results of treatment of Crotalus envenomation. Amer. Surg. 41, 643–647 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes, J. M., Trueta, J.: Absorption of bacterial toxin and snake venoms from the tissues. Lancet 1941, 623–626

    Google Scholar 

  • Biran, H., Stern, J., Dvilansky, A.: Impaired platelet aggregation after Echis colorata bite in man. (Letter to the editor). Israel J. med. Sci. 8, 1257 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • Chajek, T., Rubinger, D., Alkan, M., Melmed, R.M., Gunders, A.E.: Anaphylactoid reaction and tissue damage following bite by Atractaspis engaddensis. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg. 68, 333–337 (1974)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chapman, D.S.: The Symptomatology, pathology, and treatment of the bites of venomous snakes of Central ans Southern Africa. In: Biicherl, W., Buckley, E., Denlofen, V. (Eds.): Venomons Animals and Their Venoms, Vol. I, pp. 463–527. New York: Academic Press 1968

    Google Scholar 

  • Chugh, K.S., Aikat, B.K., Sharma, B.K., Dash, S.C., Matthew, M. Th., Dash, K.C.: Acute renal failure following snakebite. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg. 24, 692–697 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Corkill, N.L.: Snake poisoning in the Sudan. In: Buckley, E., Porges, N. (Eds.): Venoms, pp. 331–339, Washington, D.C.: Amer. Ass. Adv. Sci. 1956

    Google Scholar 

  • Corkill, N.S., Jonides, Jr., C., Pitma, C. R. S.: Biting and poisoning by the mole vipers of the genus Atractaspis. Trans, roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg. 53, 95–101 (1959)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dvilansky, A., Biran, H.: Hypofibrinogenemia after Echis color ata bite in man. Acta Haemat. 49, 123–127 (1973)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Efrati, P.: Observations on 125 cases of viper bite. (In Hebrew). Harefuah 63, 1–10 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  • Efrati, P.: Clinical manifestations of snake bite by Vipera xanthina palestinae (Werner) and their pathophysiological basis. Mem. Inst. Butantan 32, 189–191 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  • Efrati, P., Reif, L.: Clinical and pathological observations on sixty five cases of viper bite in Israel. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg. 2, 1085–1108 (1953)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis, E.F., Smith, R.T.: Systemic anaphylaxis after rattle snake bite. J. Amer. med. Ass. 193, 401 – 402 (1965)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fainaru, M., Eisenberg, S., Manny, N., Hershko, C.: The natural course of defibrination syndrome caused by Echis colorata venom in man. Thromb. Diathes. hemorrh. (Stuttg.) 31, 420–428 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fainaru, M., Manny, N., Hershko, C., Eisenberg, S.: Defibrination following Echis colorata bite in man. Israel J. med. Sci. 6, 720–725 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glass, Jr., T.G.: Early debridment in pit viper bite. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 136, 774–776 (1973)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goodman, S.S., Gilman, A.: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 5th Ed. New York: Mac Millan 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, B.M., Warrell, D.A., Davidson, N. Mc.D., Ormerod, S.D., Reid, H.A.: Immunodiagnosis of snake bite. Brit. med. J. 1974VI, 743–745

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, T.T., Lynch, J.B., Larson, D.S., Lewis, S.R.: Management of snakebite. Ann. Surg. 179, 598–607 (1974)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser, E., Raab, W.: Liberation of pharmacologically active substances from mast cells by animal venoms. Mem. Inst. Butantan 33, 461–466 (1966)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, I.: Personal communication (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kochva, E.: On the anatomy of the venom apparatus in snakes and venom secretion by Vipera palestinae. Dapin Refuiim (Folia Medica) 21, 593–607 (In Hebrew) (1962)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leffkowitz, M., Casper, J., Gitter, S., Kochwa, S., deVries, A.: The bite of the Vipera palestinae in Israel. Abstracts of the Sixth Internat. Congress of Int. Med., Basle, 1960, p. 246

    Google Scholar 

  • Leopold, R.S., Merriam, T.W.: The effectiveness of tourniquet, incision and suction in snake venom removal. Naval Med. Field Res. Lab. 10, 211–240 (1960)

    Google Scholar 

  • Man, G.: Snake bites in Israel, M.D. Thesis University of Jerusalem (In Hebrew) 1976

    Google Scholar 

  • Munter, S. (Ed.): Maimonides’ Medical Works. Jerusalem: Rubin Mass 1947

    Google Scholar 

  • Path, J., Ravid, M.: Aspis cerastes bite—Case report (In Hebrew) Harefuah 81, 85–86 (1971)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ravina, A., Lehman, E., Gottfried, J., Stern, J.: Echis colorata bite and treatment with specific antiserum (In Hebrew) Harefuah 69, 309–310 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, H.A.: Symptomatology and treatment of land snake bites in India and southeast Asia. In: Bucherl, W., Buckley, E., Deulofeu, V. (Eds.): Venomous Animals and Their Venoms, Vol. I, pp. 611–642. New York: Academic Press 1968

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, H.A.: Adder bites in Britain. Brit. med. J. 1976 II, 153–156

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reif, L.: Snake bite, a pathologic—anatomical study (In Hebrew with English summary). Dapim Refuiim (Folia Medica) 21, 651–654 (1962)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Russell, F.E., Quilligan, Jr., J. J.: Snakebite. J. Amer. med. Ass. 195, 596–597 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sadan, N., Soroker, B.: Observations on the effects of the bite of a venomous snake on children and adults. J. Pediat. 76, 711–715 (1970)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seeat, J.K., Reddy, J., Edington, D.R.: Acute renal failure due to proliferative nephritis from snake bite poisoning. Nephron 13, 455–463 (1974)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shargil, A., Shabaton, D., Rosenthal, T.: Clinical and laboratory findings in Aspis cerastes snake bite (In Hebrew with English summary) Harefuah 85, 504–508 (1973)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shulov, A., Ben Shaul, D., Rosin, R., Nitzan, M.: The efficacy of suction as a method of treatment in snake venom poisoning. Toxicon 7, 15–18 (1969)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sitprija, V., Benyajati, C., Boonpucknavig: Further observations of renal insufficiency in snake bite. Nephron 13, 396–403 (1974)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sutherland, S. K., Coulter, A. R., Broad, A. J., Hilton, J. M.N., Lane, L.H.D.: Human snake bite victims: the successful detection of circulating snake venom by radioimmunoassay. Med. J. Aust. 1, 27–29 (1975)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vries, A., de Condrea, E., Klibanski, C., Rechnic, J., Moroz, C., Kirschman, C.: Hematological effects of the venoms of two Near Eastern snakes: Vipera palestinae and Echis colorata (In Hebrew with English summary). Dapim Refuiim (Folia Medica) 21, 614–625 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  • Vries, A., de Gitter, S.: The action of Vípera xanthina palestinae venom on blood coagulation in vitro. Brit. J. Haemat. 3, 379–386 (1957)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Warrell, D.A., Davidson, N.McD., Ormerod, L.D., Pope, H.M., Watkins, B. J., Greenwood, B.M., Reid, H.A.: Bites by the saw-scaled or carpet viper (Echis carinatus): Trial of two specific antivenoms. Brit. med. J. 1974IV, 437–440

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Warrell, D.A., Ormerod, L.D., Davidson, N. McD.: Bites by Puff adder (Bitis arietans) in Nigeria and value of antivenom. Brit. med. J. 1975IV, 697–700

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weiss, H. J., Phillips, L.L., Hopewell, W.S., Phillips, G., Christy, N. P., Nitti, J.F.: Heparin therapy in a patient bitten by a saw-scaled viper (Echis carinatus), a snake whose venom activates prothrombin. Amer. J. Med. 54, 653–662 (1973)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yatziv, S., Manny, N., Ritchie, J., Russell, A.: The indication of afibrinogenemia by Echis colorata snake bite. J. trop. Med. Hyg. 77, 136–138 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. P. Efrati
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1. Jen Ai Road, 1st Section, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Chen-Yuan Lee MD, Professor

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1979 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Efrati, P. (1979). Symptomatology, Pathology and Treatment of the Bites of Viperid Snakes. In: Lee, CY. (eds) Snake Venoms. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 52. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66913-2_26

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66913-2_26

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-66915-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-66913-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation