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Histamine, 5-Hydroxytryptamine, SRS-A: Discussion of Type I Hypersensitivity (Anaphylaxis)

  • Chapter
Inflammation

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 50 / 1))

Abstract

Immunopathologic events mediating tissue injury have been divided by the scheme of Coombs and Gell (1968) into four types: type I or anaphylactic (immediate) hypersensitivity; type II or cytotoxic; type III or immune complex-mediated; type IV or cell-mediated (delayed) hypersensitivity. Such a scheme, while useful didactically, is an oversimplification because of the complex interrelationships which actually exist between the cells and mediators involved in each ‘type’ of response. Thus: (1) mediator release can be triggered from mast cells by C3a and C5a (complement components usually associated with immune complex disease) (Lepow et al., 1970; Vallota and Müller-Eberhart , 1973), and possibly by vasoactive peptides like bradykinin (Spragg, 1974). On the other hand, the basophils release a kallikrein which can generate bradykinin from serum kininogen (Newball et al., 1975). (2) Basophils respond to lymphocyte-derived chemotactic stimuli (presumably components of so-called type IV reactions) (Ward et al., 1975; Boetcher and Leonard, 1973). (3) Vasoactive amines (released during immediate hypersensitivity reactions) are important both for permitting deposition of immune complexes (Kniker and Cochrane, 1965), and apparently in eliciting delayed hypersensitivity reactions (Gershon et al., 1975).

Supported by Grants Nos. AI 07290 and AI 12810 from The National Institutes of Health. From the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine at the Good Samaritan Hospital, publication No. 299 of the O’Neill Research Laboratories, The Good Samaritan Hospital.

In the 24 months following the completion of this chapter in early 1976, several important developments occured. Among them are those included in the footnotes (except 7 and 12) to this chapter.

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Authors
  1. M. Plaut
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  2. L. M. Lichtenstein
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  1. The Wellcome Research Laboratories, Langley Court, Beckenham, Kent, BR3 3BS, UK

    John R. Vane

  2. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 14.100, São Paulo, Brazil

    Sergio H. Ferreira

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Plaut, M., Lichtenstein, L.M. (1978). Histamine, 5-Hydroxytryptamine, SRS-A: Discussion of Type I Hypersensitivity (Anaphylaxis). In: Vane, J.R., Ferreira, S.H. (eds) Inflammation. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 50 / 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66888-3_12

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