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Lipids and Lipid Polymers in Higher Plants pp 29–47Cite as

The Prenyllipids of the Membranes of Higher Plants

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Abstract

The prenyllipids found in higher plants are either completely terpenoid in origin (simple), e.g., the carotenoids, or consist of a terpenoid and a non-terpenoid part (mixed), as is the case with ubiquinone. Terpenoids are biosynthesized from a basic branched five carbon unit, If we formally designate this unit ip, then two units join head to tail to give a monoterpene, ipip; further sequential head-to-tail additions lead to sesquiterpenes (ipipip), diterpenes (ipipipip), and polyprenols (8 or more ip units). If, however two sesquiterpene units join tail-to-tail, the result is a triterpene (ipipippipipi) and if two diterpenes join in this way a tetraterpene is formed. Typical examples of simple prenyllipids are given in Table 1. The mixed terpenoids with which we are mainly concerned are listed in Table 2. A diterpene phytol, or a closely related compound, is a constituent of all these compounds except the ubiquinones and plastoquinones, which contain a polyprenol side chain. The ubiquinone (Q) isoprenologue usually present is Q-9 or Q-10; i.e., the quinone residue with a side chain of nine (45C) or ten (50C) isoprene residues [38].

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  1. T. W. Goodwin
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  1. Botanisches Institut II, Universität Karlsruhe, Kaiserstraße 12, 7500, Karlsruhe, Federal Republic of Germany

    Manfred Tevini  & Hartmut K. Lichtenthaler  & 

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Goodwin, T.W. (1977). The Prenyllipids of the Membranes of Higher Plants. In: Tevini, M., Lichtenthaler, H.K. (eds) Lipids and Lipid Polymers in Higher Plants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66632-2_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66632-2_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

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