Abstract
In his chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis Mitchell (1961, 1966) stated that an electrochemical potential difference of protons across the thylakoid membrane should couple the processes of electron transport and ATP formation. This concept demands the existence of both a proton pump incorporated into the electron transport system and a translocator system for protons mediating their backflow which is able to funnel the free energy stored in the proton gradient into ATP.
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Rumberg, B. (1977). Field Changes. In: Trebst, A., Avron, M. (eds) Photosynthesis I. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, vol 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66505-9_29
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