Abstract
In the two centuries that have elapsed since the discovery of photosynthesis, no period has surpassed the last 25 years in richness of discovery and conceptual advances. It so happens that the progress made in the last quarter of a century can be assessed with considerable accuracy, for at midcentury, in July 1950, the Society for Experimental Biology held a Symposium on Carbon Dioxide Fixation and Photosynthesis at Sheffield, England, and the Proceedings of that Symposium (published in 1951) provide a reliable record of some of the main experimental and conceptual realities that characterized photosynthesis research up to the mid-twentieth century. This article will use the Sheffield Symposium as a point of departure for tracing progress in the next quarter of a century and will give special emphasis to the experimental and conceptual advances in the areas of photosynthetic electron transport and photophosphorylation in chloroplasts. No attempt will be made to cover all of the vast literature that has accumulated in these areas in the last 25 years. Such an attempt would be neither practical nor desirable; individual topics are covered in separate chapters of this volume. The emphasis here will be on developments that led to changes in concepts and perspectives.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adman, E.T., Sieker, L.C., Jensen, L.H.: J. Biol. Chem. 248, 3987–3996 (1973)
Allen, J.F.: Nature (London) 256, 599–600 (1975)
Allen, M.B., Arnon, D.I., Capindale, J.B., Whatley, F.R., Durham, L.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77, 4149–4155 (1955)
Allen, M.B., Whatley, F.R., Arnon, D.I.: Biochim. Biophys. Acty 27, 16–23 (1958)
Anderson, I.C, Fuller, R.C.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 76, 168–179 (1958)
Aparicio, P.J., Ando, K., Arnon, D.I.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 357, 246–251 (1974); errata, 368, 459 (1974)
Arnon, D.I.: Nature (London) 167, 1008–1010 (1951)
Arnon, D.I.: Science 122, 9–16 (1955)
Arnon, D.I.: Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 7, 325–354 (1956)
Arnon, D.I.: Nature (London) 184, 10–21 (1959)
Arnon, D.I.: In: Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology. Ruhland, W. (ed.). Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer, 1960, Vol. V, pp. 773–829
Arnon, D.I.: In: Light and Life. McElroy, W.D., Glass, B. (eds.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins,1961,pp. 489–566
Arnon, D.I.: Science 149, 1460–1469 (1965)
Arnon, D.I.: Naturwissenschaften 56, 295–305 (1969)
Arnon, D.I., Allen, M.B., Whatley, F.R.: Proc. 8th Congr. Intern. Botan., Paris, July, 1954.>Report Commun. Sect. 11, 12, 1–2, 1954a
Arnon, D.I., Allen, M.B., Whatley, F.R.: Nature (London) 174, 394–396 (1954b)
Arnon, D.I., Allen, M.B., Whatley, F.R.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 20, 449–61 (1956)
Arnon, D.I., Chain, R.K.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sei. U.S. 72, 4961–4965 (1975)
Arnon, D.I., Chain, R.K., McSwain, B.D., Tsujimoto, H.Y., Knaff, D.B.: Proc. Nat. Acad.Sci. U.S. 67, 1404–1409 (1970)
Arnon, D.I., Crane, F.L.: In: Biochemistry of Quinones. Morton, R.A. (ed.). New York:Academic Press, 1965, pp. 433–458
Arnon, D.I., Knaff, D.B., McSwain, B.D., Chain, R.K., Tsujimoto, H.Y.: Photochem. Photo-biol. 14, 397–425 (1971)
Arnon, D.I., Losada, M., Whatley, F.R., Tsujimoto, H.Y., Hall, D.O., Horton, A.A.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 47, 1314–1344 (1961)
Arnon, D.I., McSwain, B.D., Tsujimoto, H.Y., Wada, K.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 357, 231–245 (1974)errata, 368, 459 (1974)
Arnon, D.I., Tsujimoto, H.Y., McSwain, B.D.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 51, 1274–1282 (1964)
Arnon, D.I., Tsujimoto, H.Y., McSwain, B.D.: Nature (London) 207, 1367–1372 (1965)
Arnon, D.I., Tsujimoto, H.Y., McSwain, B.D.: Nature (London) 214, 562–566 (1967)
Arnon, D.I., Tsujimoto, H.Y., McSwain, B.D., Chain, R.K.: In: Comparative Biochemistry and Biophysics of Photosynthesis. Shibata, K., Takamiya, A., Jagendorf, A.T., Fuller, R.C. (eds.). State College, Pa: Univ. Park Press, 1968, pp. 113–132
Arnon, D.I., Whatley, F.R., Allen, M.B.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 76, 6324–6329 (1954)
Arnon, D.I., Whatley, F.R., Allen, M.B.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 16, 607–608 (1955)
Arnon, D.I., Whatley, F.R., Allen, M.B.: Nature (London) 180, 182–185 (1957); errata p. 1325
Arnon, D.I., Whatley, F.R., Allen, M.B.: Science 127, 1026–1034 (1958)
Arnon, D.I., Whatley, F.R., Allen, M.B.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 32, 47–57 (1959)
Arntzen, C.J., Dilley, R.A., Peters, G.A., Shaw, E.R.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 256, 85–107 (1972)
Aronoff, S., Calvin, M.: Plant Physiol. 23, 351–358 (1948)
Aubert, J.P., Milhaud, G., Millet, J.: Ann. Inst. Pasteur 92, 515–528 (1957)
Avron, M., Ben-Hayyim, G.: In: Progress in Photosynthesis Research. Metzner, H. (ed.). Tübingen: Laupp, 1969, Vol. III, pp. 1185–1196
Avron, M., Jagendorf, A.T.: J. Biol. Chem. 234, 1315–1320 (1959)
Avron, M., Krogmann, D.W., Jagendorf, A.T.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 30, 144–153 (1958)
Avron, M., Neumann, J.: Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 19, 137–166 (1968)
Bachofen, R., Arnon, D.I.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 120, 259–265 (1966)
Baldry, C.W., Walker, D.A., Bucke, C.: Biochem. J. 101, 642–646 (1966)
Baltscheffsky, H.: Svensk Kern. Tidskrift 72, 310–325 (1960)
Bamberger, E., Gibbs, M.: Plant Physiol. 40, 919–926 (1965)
Bassham, J.A., Calvin, M., Benson, A.A., Kay, L.D., Harris, A.Z., Wilson, A.T.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 76, 1760–1770 (1954)
Bearden, A.J., Malkin, R.: Quart. Rev. Biophys. 7, 131–177 (1975)
Bendall, D.S.: Biochem. J. 109, 46P (1968)
Bendall, D.S., Hill, R.: Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 19, 167–186 (1968)
Benson, A.A.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 73, 2971 (1951)
Benson, A.A., Bassham, J.A., Calvin, M., Hall, A.G., Hirsch, H.E., Kawaguchi, S., Lynch, V., Tolbert, N.E.: J. Biol. Chem. 196, 703–716 (1952)
Benson, A.A., Calvin, M.: Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 1, 25–42 (1950)
Beuscher, N., Gottschalk, G.: Z. Naturforsch. 27B, 967–973 (1972)
Bishop, N.I.: Ann. Rev. Biochem. 40, 197–226 (1971)
Bishop, N.I.: Current Topics Photobiol. Photochem. 8, 65–96 (1973)
Black, C.C.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 120, 332–340 (1966)
Black, C.C., Jr.: Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 24, 253–386 (1973)
Blomstrom, D.E., Knight, E., Jr., Phillips, W.D., Weiher, J.F.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.51, 1085–1092 (1964)
Boardman, N.K.: Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 21, 115–140 (1970)
Boardman, N.K., Anderson, J.M.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 143, 187–203 (1967)
Boardman, N.K., Anderson, J.M., Hiller, R.G.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 234, 126–136 (1971)
Böhme, H., Cramer, W.A.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 283, 302–315 (1972)
Böhme, H., Reimer, S., Trebst, A.: Z. Naturforsch. 26B, 341–352 (1971)
Bothe, H.: Z. Naturforsch. 24B, 1574–1582 (1969)
Bothe, H., Loos, E.: Arch. Mikrobiol. 86, 241–254 (1972)
Brown, A.H., Franck, J.: Arch. Biochem. 16, 55–60 (1948)
Brown, A.H., Frenkel, A.W.: Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 4, 23–58 (1953)
Buchanan, B.B., Arnon, D.I.: Advan. Enzymol. 33, 119–176 (1970)
Buchanan, B.B., Kalberer, P.P., Arnon, D.I.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 29, 74–79 (1967)
Buchanan, B.B., Schürmann, P.: J. Biol. Chem. 248, 4956–1964 (1973a); errata, 248, 8616 (1973a)
Buchanan, B.B., Schürmann, P.: In: Current Topics in Cellular Regulation. Horecker, B.L., Stadtman, E.R. (eds.). New York: Academic Press, 1973b, Vol. VII, pp. 1–20
Buchanan, B.B., Schürmann, P., Kalberer, P.P.: J. Biol. Chem. 246, 5952–5959 (1971)
Büchner, E.: Ber. Deut. Chem. Ges. 30, 117–124 (1897a)
Büchner, E.: Ber. Deut. Chem. Ges. 30, 1110–1113 (1897b)
Bücke, C., Walker, D.A., Baldry, C.W.: Biochem. J. 101, 636–641 (1966)
Burk, D., Warburg, O.: Z. Naturforsch. 6B, 12–22 (1951)
Butler, W.L.: Biophys. J. 12, 851–857 (1972)
Butler, W.L.: Acc. Chem. Res. 6, 177–184 (1973)
Calvin, M., Bassham, J.A., Benson, A.A., Lynch, V.H., Ouellet, C., Schou, L., Stepka, W., Tolbert, N.E.: In: Carbon Dioxide Fixation and Photosynthesis. Soc. Exp. Biol. Symp. V. New York: Academic Press, 1951, pp. 284–305
Campo, F.F. del, Ramirez, J.M., Arnon, D.I.: J. Biol. Chem. 243, 2805–2809 (1968)
Champigny, M.-L., Gibbs, M.: In: Progress in Photosynthesis Research. Metzner, H. (ed.). Tübingen: Laupp, 1969, pp. 1534–1537
Cramer, W.A., Butler, W.L.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 143, 332–339 (1967)
Dam, H., Hjorth, E., Kruse, I.: Physiol. Plantarum 1, 379–381 (1948)
Davenport, H.E.: Nature (London) 184, 524–526 (1959)
Davenport, H.E., Hill, R.: Proc. Roy. Soc., Ser. B 139, 327–345 (1952)
Davenport, H.E., Hill, R., Whatley, F.R.: Proc. Roy. Soc., Ser. B 139, 346–358 (1952)
Döring, G., Witt, H.T.: In: Proc. 2nd Intern. Congr. Photosynthesis. Forti, G., Avron, M., Melandri, A. (eds.). The Hague: Dr. Junk, 1972, pp. 39–45
Dutton, P.L., Leigh, J.S.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 314, 178–190 (1973)
Duysens, L.N.M., Amesz, J.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 64, 243–260 (1962)
Duysens, L.N.M., Amesz, I, Kamp, B.M.: Nature (London) 190, 510–511 (1961)
Ellis, R.J.: In: Membrane Biogenesis: Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Bacterial. Tzagoloff, A. (ed.). New York: Plenum, 1975, pp. 247–278
Emerson, R.L, Chalmers, R.V.: Physiol. Soc. Am. Bull. 11, 51–56 (1958)
Emerson, R.L., Chalmers, R.V., Cederstrand, C.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 43, 133–143 (1957)
Emerson, R.L., Stauffer, J.F., Umbreit, W.W.: Am. J. Botany 31, 107–120 (1944)
Engelmann, T.W.: Botan. Z. 39, 441–448 (1881)
Erixon, K., Butler, W.L.: Photochem. Photobiol. 14, 427–433 (1971)
Evans, M.C.W., Buchanan, B.B., Arnon, D.I.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 55, 928–934 (1966)
Evans, M.C.W., Lord, A.V., Reeves, S.G.: Biochem. J. 138, 177–183 (1974)
Evans, M.C.W., Reeves, S.G., Cammack, R.: FEBS Lett. 49, 111–114 (1974)
Evans, M.C.W., Reeves, S.G., Telfer, A.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 51, 593–596 (1973)
Evans, M.C.W., Shira, C.K, Bolton, J.R., Cammack, R.: Nature (London) 256, 668–670 (1975)
Evans, M.C.W., Telfer, A., Lord, A.V.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 267, 530–537 (1972)
Fay, P.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 216, 353–356 (1970)
Floyd, R.A., Chance, B., de Vault, D.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 226, 103–112 (1971)
Foust, G.P., Mayhew, S.G., Massey, V.: J. Biol. Chem. 244, 96–970 (1969)
French, C.S., Milner, H.W.: In: Carbon Dioxide Fixation and Photosynthesis. Soc. Exp. Biol. Symp. V. New York: Academic Press, 1951, pp. 232–250
Frenkel, A.W.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 76, 5568–5569 (1954)
Frenkel, A.W.: J. Biol. Chem. 222, 823–834 (1956)
Gaffron, H., Fager, E.W., Rosenberg, L.L.: In: Carbon Dioxide Fixation and Photosynthesis. Soc. Exp. Biol. Symp. V. New York: Academic Press, 1951, pp. 262–283
Geller, D., Lipmann, F.: J. Biol. Chem. 235, 2478–2484 (1960)
Goodman, M., Bradley, D.F., Calvin, M.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 75, 1962 (1953)
Grant, B.R., Whatley, F.R.: In: Biochemistry of Chloroplasts. Goodwin, T.W. (ed.). New York: Academic Press, 1967, pp. 505–521
Hall, D.O., Reeves, S.G., Baltscheffsky, H.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 43, 359–366 (1971)
Hase, T., Wada, K., Matsubara, H.: J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 78, 605–610 (1975)
Hauska, G., Reimer, S., Trebst, A.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 357, 1–12 (1974)
Heath, O.V.S., Orchard, B.: Nature (London) 180, 180–181 (1957)
Henri, V.: Naturwissenschaften 14, 165–167 (1926)
Higuti, T., Shiga, T., Kakuno, T., Horio, T.: J. Biochem. 75, 1363–1371 (1974)
Hill, R.: Nature (London) 139, 881–882 (1937)
Hill, R.: Proc. Roy. Soc., Ser. B. 127, 192–210 (1939)
Hill, R.: In: Carbon Dioxide Fixation and Photosynthesis. Soc. Exp. Biol. Symp. V. New York: Academic Press, 1951, pp. 222–231
Hill, R.: Nature (London) 174, 501–503 (1954)
Hill, R., Bendall, F.: Nature (London) 186, 136–137 (1960)
Hill, R., Scarisbrick, R.: New Phytologist 50, 98–111 (1951)
Hind, G., Olson, J.M.: Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 19, 249–282 (1968)
Hiyama, T., Ke, B.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 68, 1010–1013 (1971)
Hoch, G., Martin, I.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 102, 430–438 (1963)
Hutson, K.G., Rogers, L.J.: Biochem. Soc. Transact. 3, 377–379 (1975)
Huzisige, H., Takimoto, N.: Plant Cell Physiol. 15, 1099–1113 (1974)
Huzisige, H., Usiyama, H, Kikuti, T., Azi, T.: Plant Cell Physiol. 10, 441–55 (1969)
Izawa, S, Good, N.E.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 162, 380–391 (1968)
Jagendorf, A.T.: Brookhaven Symp. Biol. 11, 236–258 (1958)
Jagendorf, A.T., Avron, M.: J. Biol. Chem. 231, 277–290 (1958)
Jakoby, E.B., Brummond, D.O., Ochoa, S.: J. Biol. Chem. 218, 811–822 (1956)
James, W.O., Das, V.S.R.: New Phytologist 56, 325–343 (1957)
Jensen, R.G., Bassham, J.A.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 56, 1095–1101 (1966)
Joy, K.W., Hageman, R.H.: Biochem. J. 100, 263–273 (1966)
Kahn, A., von Wettstein, D.: J. Ultrastructure Res. 5, 557–574 (1961)
Kaiser, W., Urbach, W.: Ber. Deut. Botan. Ges. 86, 213–226 (1973)
Kalberer, P.P., Buchanan, B.B., Arnon, D.I.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 57, 1542–1549 (1967)
Kamen, M., Newton, J.W.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 25, 462–474 (1957)
Katoh, S.: Nature (London) 186, 533–534 (1960)
Katoh, S., Suga, I., Shiratori, I., Takamiya, A.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 94, 136–141 (1961)
Katz, E.: In: Photosynthesis in Plants. Franck, J., Loomis, W.E. (eds.). Ames Ia: Iowa St. College Press, 1949, p. 287
Ke, B.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 152, 70–77 (1972)
Ke, B., Beinert, H.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 305, 689–693 (1973)
Ke, B., Hansen, R.E., Beinert, H.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 70, 2941–2945 (1973)
Kegel, L.P., Crane, F.L.: Nature (London) 194, 1282 (1962)
Keister, D., San Pietro, A., Stolzenbach, F.E.: J. Biol. Chem. 235, 2989–2996 (1960)
Klob, W., Kandier, O., Tanner, W.: Plant Physiol. 51, 825–827 (1973)
Knaff, D.B.: FEBS Lett. 23, 92–94 (1972)
Knaff, D.B., Arnon, D.I.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 63, 956–962 (1969a)
Knaff, D.B., Arnon, D.I.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 63, 963–969 (1969b)
Knaff, D.B., Arnon, D.I.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 64, 715–722 (1969c)
Knaff, D.B., Arnon, D.I.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 226, 400–08 (1971)
Knaff, D.B., McSwain, B.D.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 245, 105–108 (1971)
Knaff, D.B., Malkin, R.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 159, 555–562 (1973)
Kok, B.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 22, 399–101 (1956)
Kok, B., Rurainski, J., Owens, O.V.H.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 109, 347–356 (1965)
Kornberg, A.: Nobel Prize, 1959. Stockholm: Norsted, 1960
Krall, A.B., Good, N.E., Mayne, B.C.: Plant Physiol. 36, 44–47 (1961)
Krogmann, D.W., Jagendorf, A.T., Avron, M.: Plant Physiol. 34, 272–277 (1959)
Levitt, L.S.: Science 118, 696 (1953)
Levitt, L.S.: Science 120, 33–35 (1954)
Losada, M., Trebst, A.V., Arnon, D.I.: J. Biol. Chem. 235, 832–839 (1960)
Losada, M., Whatley, F.R., Arnon, D.I.: Nature (London) 190, 606–610 (1961)
Lumry, R., Spikes, J.D., Eyring, H.: Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 5, 271–340 (1954)
Lundegårdh, H.: Nature (London) 192, 243–248 (1961)
Lundegårdh, H.: Physiol. Plantarum 15, 390–398 (1962)
Lyne, R.L., Stewart, W.D.P.: Planta (Berl.) 109, 27–38 (1973)
Malkin, R.: In: Iron-Sulfur Proteins. Lovenberg, W. (ed.). New York: Academic Press, 1973, Vol. II, pp. 1–26
Malkin, R., Aparicio, P.J, Arnon, D.I.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 71, 2362–2366 (1974)
Malkin, R., Bearden, A.J.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 68, 16–19 (1971)
Marsho, T.V., Kok, B.: Methods Enzymol. 23, 515–523 (1971)
McIntosh, A.R., Chu, M., Bolton, J.R.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 376, 308–314 (1975)
McSwain, B.D., Arnon, D.I.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 61, 989–996 (1968)
McSwain, B.D., Arnon, D.I.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 49, 68–75 (1972); errata, 49, 1709 (1972)
McSwain, B.D., Tsujimoto, H.Y., Arnon, D.I.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 413, 313–322 (1976)
Metzner, H.: J. Theor. Biol. 51, 201–231 (1975)
Miginiac-Maslow, M.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 234, 353–359 (1971)
Miginiac-Maslow, M., Champigny, M.-L.: Plant Physiol. 53, 856–862 (1974)
Mitsui, A., Arnon, D.I.: Physiol. Plantarum 25, 135–140 (1971)
Mortenson, L.E., Valentine, R.C., Carnahan, J.E.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 7, 448–452 (1962)
Murata, N.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 189, 171–181 (1969)
Myers, J.: Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 22, 289–312 (1971)
Myers, J.: Plant Physiol. 54, 420–426 (1974)
Myers, J., French, C.S.: Plant Physiol. 35, 963–969 (1960)
Nakamoto, T., Krogmann, D.W., Mayne, B.: J. Biol. Chem. 235, 1843–1845 (1960)
Nelson, W, Neumann, J.: J. Biol. Chem. 244, 1932–1936 (1969)
Newton, J.W., Kamen, M.D.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 25, 462–474 (1957)
Neyra, C.A., Hageman, R.H.: Plant Physiol. 54, 480–483 (1974)
Niel, C.B. van: Advan. Enzymol. 1, 263–328 (1941)
Niel, C.B. van: In: The Microbe’s Contribution to Biology. Kluyver, A.J., van Niel, C.B.(eds.) Cambridge Ma.: Harvard Univ., 1956, p. 83
Nishimura, M.S., Whittingham, C.P., Emerson, R.: In: Carbon Dioxide Fixation and Photosynthesis. Soc. Exp. Biol. Symp. V. New York: Academic Press, 1951, pp. 176–210
Nultsch, W.: In: Currents in Photosynthesis. Thomas, J.B., Goedheer, J.C. (eds.). Rotterdam: Donker, 1966, pp. 421–427
Nultsch, W.: Photochem. Photobiol. 10, 119–123 (1969)
Orme-Johnson, W.H.: Ann. Rev. Biochem. 42, 159–204 (1973)
Park, R.B., Sane, P.V.: Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 22, 395–430 (1971)
Petrack, B., Lipmann, F.: In: Light and Life. McElroy, W.D., Glass, B. (eds.). Baltimore:Johns Hopkins, 1961, pp. 621–630
Pfeffer, W.: Physiology of Plants. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1900
Priestley, J.: Phil. Trans. 62, 147–264 (1772)
Prince, R.C., Leigh, J.S., Jr., Dutton, P.L.: Biochem. Soc. Transact. 2, 950–954 (1974)
Rabinowitch, E.I.: Photosynthesis and Related Processes. New York: Interscience, 1945, p. 228
Rabinowitch, E. I.: Sci. Am. 80 (1953)
Rabinowitch, E.I.: In: Research in Photosynthesis. Gaffron, H. (ed.). New York: Interscience, 1957, p. 345
Racker, E.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 69, 300–310 (1957)
Ramirez, J.M., Campo, F.F. del, Araon, D.I.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 59, 606–612 (1968)
Ramirez, J.M., Campo, F.F. del, Paneque, A., Losada, M.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 118, 58–71 (1966)
Raven, J.A.: Nature (London) 227, 1170–1171 (1970)
Raven, J.A.: J. Exp. Botany 22, 420–433 (1971)
Reeves, S.G., Hall, D.O.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 314, 66–78 (1973)
Ruben, S.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 65, 279–282 (1943)
Rubner, M.: Die Ernährungsphysiologie der Hefezelle bei alkoholischer Gärung. Leipzig: Veit, 1913, p. 59
Rurainski, H.J., Hoch, G.E.: In: Proc. 2nd Intern. Congr. Photosynthesis. Forti, G., Avron M., Melandri, A. (eds.). The Hague: Dr. Junk, 1972, pp. 1283–1291
Rurainski, H.J., Randles, J., Hoch, G.E.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 205, 254–262 (1970)
Rurainski, H.J, Randies, J., Hoch, G.E.: FEBS Lett. 13, 98–100 (1971)
Sachs, J.: Lectures on the Physiology of Plants. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1887, p. 299
Saha, S., Good, N.E.: J. Biol. Chem. 245, 5017–5021 (1970)
San Pietro, A., Lang, H.M.: Science 124, 118–119 (1956)
San Pietro, A., Lang, H.M.: J. Biol. Chem. 231, 211–229 (1958)
Sauer, K., Biggins, J.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 102, 55–72 (1965)
Sauer, K, Park, R.B.: Biochemistry 4, 2791–2798 (1965)
Schacter, B.Z., Gibbs, M., Champigny, M.-L.: Plant Physiol. 48, 443–446 (1971)
Schmidt, A., Trebst, A.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 180, 529–535 (1969)
Schürmann, P., Buchanan, B.B.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 376, 189–192 (1975)
Schürmann, P., Buchanan, B.B., Arnon, D.I.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 267, 111–124 (1972)
Shanmugam, K.T., Buchanan, B.B., Arnon, D.I.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 256, 477–486 (1972)
Shin, M., Arnon, D.I.: J. Biol. Chem. 240, 1405–1412 (1965)
Shin, M., San Pietro, A.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 33, 38–42 (1968)
Shin, M., Tagawa, K., Arnon, D.I.: Biochem. Z. 338, 84–96 (1963)
Simonis, W.: Ber. Deut. Botan. Ges. 77, 5013 (1964)
Simonis, W.: In: Currents in Photosynthesis. Thomas, J.B., Goedheer, J.C. (eds.), Rotterdam:Donker, 1966, pp. 217–223
Simonis, W., Urbach, W.: Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 24, 89–114 (1973)
Sirevåg, R.: Arch. Microbiol. 98, 3–18 (1974)
Sirevåg, R., Ormerod, J.G.: Biochem. J. 120, 399–08 (1970)
Stålfelt, M.G.: Physiol. Plantarum 8, 572–593 (1955)
Stanier, R.Y.: Bacteriol. Rev. 25, 1–17 (1961)
Stiller, M., Vennesland, B.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 60, 562–579 (1962)
Stombaugh, N.A., Burris, R.H., Orme-Johnson, W.H.: J. Biol. Chem. 248, 7951–7956 (1973)
Tabita, R.F., McFadden, B., Pfennig, N.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 341, 187–194 (1974)
Tagawa, K., Arnon, D.I.: Nature (London) 195, 537–543 (1962)
Tagawa, K., Arnon, D.I.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 153, 602–613 (1968)
Tagawa, K., Tsujimoto, H.Y., Arnon, D.I.: Nature (London) 199, 1247–1252 (1963a)
Tagawa, K., Tsujimoto, H.Y., Arnon, D.I.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 49, 567–572 (1963b)
Tagawa, K., Tsujimoto, H.Y., Arnon, D.I.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 50, 544–549 (1963c)
Tanner, W., Loos, E., Kandler, O.: In: Currents in Photosynthesis. Thomas, J.B., Goedheer, J.C. (eds.). Rotterdam: Donker, 1966, pp. 243–250
Tanner, W., Zinecker, U., Kandier, O.: Z. Naturforsch. 22b, 358–359 (1967)
Telfer, A., Cammack, R., Evans, M.C.W.: FEBS Lett. 10, 21–24 (1970)
Thomas, J.B., Haans, J.M.: Biochim, Biophys. Acta 18, 286–288 (1955)
Tolmach, L.J.: Nature (London) 167, 946–949 (1951)
Trebst, A.V.: Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 25, 423–458 (1974)
Trebst, A.V., Eck, H.: Z. Naturforsch. 16B, 455–461 (1961)
Trebst, A.V., Harth, E., Draber, W.: Z. Naturforsch. 25B, 1157–1159 (1970)
Trebst, A.V., Losada, M., Arnon, D.I.: J. Biol. Chem. 234, 3055–3058 (1959)
Trebst, A.V., Losada, M., Arnon, D.I.: J. Biol. Chem. 235, 840–844 (1960)
Trebst, A.V., Tsujimoto, H.Y., Arnon, D.I.: Nature (London) 182, 351–355 (1958)
Trudinger, P.A.: Biochem. J. 64, 273–286 (1956)
Tsujimoto, H.Y., Chain, R.K., Arnon, D.I.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 51, 917–923 (1973)
Tsujimoto, H.Y., McSwain, B.D., Hiyama, T., Arnon, D.I.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 423, 303–312 (1976)
Turner, J.F., Black, C.C., Gibbs, M.: J. Biol. Chem. 237, 577–579 (1962)
Urbach, W., Simonis, W.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 17, 39–45 (1964)
Vernon, L.P., Shaw, E.R., Ogawa, T., Raveed, D.: Photochem. Photobiol. 14, 343–357 (1971)
Vernon, L.P., Zaugg, W.S.: J. Biol. Chem. 235, 2728–2733 (1960)
Vishniac, W., Ochoa, S.: Nature (London) 167, 768–770 (1951)
Vishniac, W., Ochoa, A.: J. Biol. Chem. 198, 501–506 (1952)
Wada, K., Arnon, D.I.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 68, 3064–3068 (1971)
Walker, D.A.: Biochem. J. 92, 22C–23C (1964)
Walker, D.A.: Plant Physiol. 40, 1157–1161 (1965)
Walker, D.A.: New Phytologist 72, 209–235 (1973)
Warburg, O.: Naturwissenschaften 14, 167–168 (1926)
Warburg, O., Burk, D., Schade, A.L.: In: Carbon Dioxide Fixation and Photosynthesis. Soc. Exp. Biol. Symp. V. New York: Academic Press, 1951, pp. 306–311
Warburg, O., Krippahl, G., Lehman, A.: Am. J. Botany 56, 961–971 (1969)
Weikard, J.: Z. Naturforsch. 23B, 235–238 (1968)
Weissbach, A., Horecker, B.L., Hurwitz, J.: J. Biol. Chem. 218, 795–810 (1956)
Wessels, J.S.C., Havinga, E.: Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas 71, 809–812 (1952)
West, K.R., Wiskich, J.T.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 292, 197–205 (1973)
Whatley, F.R., Allen, M.B., Arnon, D.I.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 16, 605–606 (1955)
Whatley, F.R., Allen, M.B., Rosenberg, L.L., Capindale, J.B., Arnon, D.I.: Biochim. Biophys.Acta 20, 462–468 (1956)
Whatley, F.R., Tagawa, K., Arnon, D.I.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 49, 266–270 (1963)
Winget, G.D., Izawa, S., Good, N.E.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 21, 438–443 (1965)
Witt, H.T.: In: Bioenergetics of Photosynthesis. Govindjee (ed.). New York: Academic Press, 1975, pp. 493–554
Witt, H.T., Müller, A., Rumberg, B.: Nature (London) 192, 967–969 (1961)
Yoch, D.C.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 158, 633–640 (1973)
Yoch, D.C., Arnon, D.I.: J. Biol. Chem. 247, 4514–520 (1972)
Yoch, D.C., Arnon, D.I.: J. Bacteriol. 121, 743–745 (1975)
Yoch, D.C., Arnon, D.I., Sweeney, W.V.: J. Biol. Chem. 250, 8330–8336 (1975)
Yoch, D.C., Valentine, R.C.: J. Bacteriol. 110, 1211–1213 (1972)
Yocum, C.S., San Pietro, A.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 36, 614–620 (1969)
Yocum, C.S., San Pietro, A.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 140, 152–157 (1970)
Zamecnik, P.C., Keller, E.B.: J. Biol. Chem. 209, 337–354 (1954)
Zweig, G., Avron, M.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 19, 397–00 (1965)
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1977 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Arnon, D.I. (1977). Photosynthesis 1950–75: Changing Concepts and Perspectives. In: Trebst, A., Avron, M. (eds) Photosynthesis I. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, vol 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66505-9_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66505-9_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-66507-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-66505-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive