Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Radiation Action on Biochemical Key Processes: An Introduction

  • Conference paper
Radiation and Cellular Control Processes

Part of the book series: Proceedings in Life Sciences ((LIFE SCIENCES))

  • 54 Accesses

Abstract

In a short review of this kind it is necessary for the author to be selective, and I have chosen to review recent work on the effects of radiation on transcription and translation in Escherichia coli and yeast. The resultant effects on respiration and cell permeability will be reviewed from the point of view of controlled derepression of operons induced by radiation. Previous reviews (Rothstein, 1959; Okada, 1970; Dertinger and Jung, 1970; Pollard, 1970) contain summaries of information up to 1970.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Bair, W.J., Stannard, J.N.: Role of electrolytes and starvation in altering apparent radiosensitivity of bakers’ yeast. J. Gen. Physiol. 38, 493–504 (1955)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barron, L.S., Spiegelman, S., Quaster, H.: Enzyme formation in nonviable cells. J. Gen. Physiol. 36, 631–641 (1953)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Billen, D., Stapleton, G.E., Hollaender, A.: The effect of X-radiation on the respiration of Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 65, 131–135 (1953)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bruce, A.K.: Response of potassium retentivity and survival of yeast to far-ultraviolet, near-ultraviolet and visible, and X-radiation. J. Gen. Physiol. 41, 693–702 (1958)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dertinger, H., Jung, H.: Molecular Radiation Biology. New York-Heidelberg-Berlin: Springer, 1970, pp. 163–173

    Google Scholar 

  • Ekert, B., Pattein, A.: Effets des rayons gamma sur les ribosomes d’E. coli. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 17, 47–59 (1970)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, W.D., Schenley, R.L., Swenson, P.A.: American Society for Photobiology, Abstracts 3, 91 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Frampton, E.W.: Synthesis of ribonucleic acid by X-irradiated bacteria. J. Bacteriol. 87, 1369–1376 (1964)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frey, H.E., Pollard, E.C.: The action of γ-ray-irradiated media on bacteria: relation to the electron transport system. Radiat. Res. 36, 59–67 (1968)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujita, H., Miyakoshi, M.: Effect of γ-irradiation on the synthesis of ribosomal RNA and ribosomal subparticles in Escherichia coli. Radiat. Res. 56, 186–200 (1973)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghosh, N.: Effect of X-irradiation on yeast ribosomes in vitro. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 18, 567–575 (1970)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grady, L.J., Pollard, E.C.: Ionizing radiation-initiated degradation of deoxyribonucleic acid in bacteria. A possible role for defective prophage. Radiat. Res. 36, 68–86 (1968)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hagen, U., Ullrich, M., Petersen, E.E., Werner, E., Kroger, H.: Enzymatic RNA synthesis on irradiated DNA. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (Amst.) 199, 115–125 (1970)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Howard, A.: The oxygen requirement for recovery in split-dose experiments with Oedogonium. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 14, 341–3 50 (1968)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kiefer, J.: The importance of cellular energy metabolism for the sparing effect of dose fractionation with electrons and ultraviolet light. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 20, 325–336 (1971)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kiefer, J.: Energy metabolism in yeast cells after UV and X-irradiation. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 26, 167–179 (1974)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koch, H., Kiefer, J.: RNA-synthesis in irradiated diploid yeast at 50 per cent survival level. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 21, 223–234 (1972)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kucan, Z., Herak, J.N., Pecevsky-Kucan, I.: Functional inactivation and appearance of breaks in RNA chains caused by gamma irradiation of Escherichia coli ribosomes. Biophys. J. 11, 237–251 (1971)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Myers, D.K., Johnson, L.D.: Loss of potassium from E. coli after X-irradiation. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 26, 395–397 (1974)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Novelli, G.D., Kameyama, T., Eisenstadt, J.M.: The nature of the system catalysing the synthesis of induced β-galactosidase. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 26, 133–143 (1961)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Okada, S.: Molecular events in irradiated bacteria. In: Radiation Biochemistry (Altman, K.I., Gerber, G.B., Okada, S., eds.). New York-London: Academic Press, 1970, Vol. I, pp. 156–189

    Google Scholar 

  • Petranovic, D., Pecevsky-Kucan, I., Kucan, Z.: A comparison of the direct effect of γ-rays on Escherichia coli ribosomes and bacteriophage f2. Radiat. Res. 46, 621–630 (1971)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pollard, E.C.: The effect of ionizing radiation on the molecular biology of Escherichia coli. Current Topics Radiat. Res. 6, 53–127 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pollard, E.C., Barone, T.C.: The effect of ionizing radiation on genetic transcription: aspects of the mechanism. Radiat. Res. Suppl. 6, 194–200 (1966)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pollard, E.C., Billen, D., Achey, P.M.: Kinetic studies of the effect of restoration of a required amino acid on post-irradiation DNA degradation and cell permeability. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 26, 107–119 (1974)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pollard, E.C., Davis, S.: The action of ionizing radiation on transcription (and translation) in several strains of Escherichia coli. Radiat. Res. 41, 375–399 (1970)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pollard, E.C., Ebert, M.J., Miller, C.M., Kolacz, K., Barone, T.F.: Ionizing radiation: effect of irradiated medium on synthetic processes. Science 147, 1045–1047 (1965)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pollard, E.C., Lydersen, B.K.: The action of ionizing radiation on the synthesis of RNA and two inducible enzymes in Escherichia coli. Radiat. Res. 50, 293–300 (1972)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pollard, E.C., Randall, E.P.: Studies on the inducible inhibitor of radiation-induced DNA degradation of Escherichia coli. Radiat. Res. 55, 265–279 (1973)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pollard, E.C., Vogler, C.: Radiation action on some metabolic processes in Escherichia coli. Radiat. Res. 15, 109–119 (1961)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pollard, E.C., Weller, P.K.: Post irradiation permeability of Escherichia coli cells. Radiat. Res. 35, 722–739 (1968)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Radman, M.: Phenomenology of an inducible mutagenic DNA repair pathway in Escherichia coli: SOS repair hypothesis. In: Molecular and Environmental Aspects of Mutagenesis (Prakash, L., Sherman, F., Miller, M.W., Lawrence, C.W., Taber, H.W., eds.). Springfield: C.C. Thomas, 1974, pp. 128–142

    Google Scholar 

  • Rothstein, A.: Biochemical and physiological changes in irradiated yeast. Radiat. Res. Suppl. 1, 357–371 (1959)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spoerl, E., Niedzielski, R.J., Biernat, R.W.: Permeability changes in yeast cells after X-irradiation and starvation. Radiat. Res. 21, 86–90 (1964)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strniste, G.F., Smith, D.A., Hayes, F.N.: X-ray inactivation of the Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase in aqueous solution. I. Studies on binding and substrate concentration dependence in the inactivation of enzymatic activity. Biochemistry 12, 596–602 (1973a)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strniste, G.F., Smith, D.A., Hayes, F.N.: X-ray inactivation of the Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase in aqueous solution. II. Studies on initiation and fidelity of transcription. Biochemistry 12, 603–608 (1973b)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sumegi, J., Sanner, T., Pihl, A.: Inactivation of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli by X-rays in solution. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (Amst.) 262, 145–153 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Svihla, G., Schlenk, F., Dainko, J.L.: Growth and metabolism of yeast cells after lethal X-irradiation. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 20, 461–474 (1971)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swenson, P.A.: Physiological responses of Escherichia coli to far-ultraviolet radiation. Photochem. Photobiol. Reviews, in press

    Google Scholar 

  • Swenson, P.A., Schenley, R.L.: Role of pyridine nucleotides in the control of respiration in ultraviolet-irradiated Escherichia coli B/r cells. J. Bacteriol. 104, 1230–1235 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swenson, P.A., Schenley, R.L.: Evidence relating cessation of respiration, cell envelope changes and death in ultraviolet-irradiated Escherichia coli B/r cells. J. Bacteriol. 117, 551–559 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swenson, P.A., Schenley, R.L., Boyle, J.M.: Interference with respiratory control by ionizing radiations in Escherichia coli B/r. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 20, 213–223 (1971)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tamaoki, T., Miyazawa, F., Nakamura, K., Scrimger, J.W.: Effect of γ-irradiation on Escherichia coli ribosomes: reversible dissociation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (Amst.) 157, 655–657 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tolun, A., Christensen, R., Pollard, E.C.: Repair of radiation-induced strand breaks as related to the inducible inhibitor of post-irradiation DNA degradation. Biophys. J. 14, 691–696 (1974)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Witkin, E.M.: Thermal enhancement of ultraviolet mutability in tif-1 uvrA derivative of Escherichia coli B/r: Evidence for an inducible error-prone system of DNA repair (‘SOS repair’). Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 71, 1930–1934 (1974)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weiss, J.J., Wheeler, C.M.: Some studies on γ-irradiated DNA as primer in RNA synthesis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (Amst.) 145, 68–7 5 (1967)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. J. M. Boyle
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Strahlenzentrum der Justus Liebig Universität, 6300, Gießen, Germany

    Jürgen Kiefer

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1976 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Boyle, J.M. (1976). Radiation Action on Biochemical Key Processes: An Introduction. In: Kiefer, J. (eds) Radiation and Cellular Control Processes. Proceedings in Life Sciences. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66455-7_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66455-7_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-66457-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-66455-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation