Abstract
The discovery of the antihistaminics in 1937 was the great opportunity to test the histamine theory of anaphylaxis and allergy. Histamine was then widely regarded the chief-if not the sole-mediator in anaphylaxis. One expected that antihistaminics would be able to suppress anaphylactic and allergic reactions. Indeed, many authors did report complete protection against anaphylaxis. Parallelisms between antihistaminic and antianaphylactic properties of the antihistaminics were established (Bovet, 1950; Halpern, 1942) and were considered weighty arguments in favor of the histamine theory of the anaphylactic reactions, or at least of a major role of histamine in these reactions (Loew and Kaiser, 1945; Loew, 1947; Marcus, 1947; Mayer et al., 1947). However, in the course of time, discrepancies between the antihistaminic and antianaphylactic effects (cf. Feinberg, 1947) and limitations of the antianaphylactic power of the antihistaminics became increasingly evident. The followers of the histamine theory of anaphylaxis in its strict sense began formulating auxiliary hypotheses in order to be able to maintain the theory while their opponents emphasized the role of nonhistamine factors in anaphylaxis as they became gradually known during the following decades. Occasionally, the pendulum even swung to the other side, the role of histamine being unjustly underestimated (for instance by Doerr, 1950). The literature on the antianaphylactic effects of antihistaminics thus became confusing and contradictory.
«Les poisons sont de véritables réactifs de la vie, des instruments d’une délicatesse extrême qui vont disséquer les cléments vitaux.»
(Claude Bernard, Introduction à l’étude de la médicine expérimentale).
I thank Professor Helmut Hahn, Bochum, for translating the manuscript.
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Dedicated to Prof. Wolfgang Bargmann, Kiel, in friendship.
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Hahn, F. (1978). Antianaphylactic and Antiallergic Effects. In: Rocha e Silva, M. (eds) Histamine II and Anti-Histaminics. Handbuch der experimentellen Pharmakologie / Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 18 / 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66445-8_11
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