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Transport in Symbiotic Systems Fixing Nitrogen

  • Chapter
Transport in Plants II

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology ((919,volume 2 / B))

Abstract

The fixation of nitrogen by associations involving plants is taxonomically widespread and of considerable importance ecologically or agricultural006y in the provision of organically-bound nitrogen to other organisms. Seven main groupings of symbioti-cally paired organisms may be involved (Table 6.1), blue-green algae, Actinomycetes and Rhizobium functioning as the microsymbionts fixing nitrogen, plants representing any of the major taxa acting as the various non-fixing macrosymbiont. The list in Table 6.1 is by no means exhaustive. Only those symbioses in which it appears to have been demonstrated conclusively that fixation contributes materially to the normal nitrogen nutrition of the association are included. The “loose” associations of rhizosphere and phyllosphere between N-fixing bacteria and higher plants, and the casual endophytism of blue-green algae recorded for a variety of cryptogams (see, for example, Lhotsky, 1946), are deemed to fall outside the scope of present discussion, despite their intrinsic interest in considerations of the evolution of symbiotic systems. Also, the various examples of angiosperm leaf nodules (Pavetta, Psychotria, Ardisia) mycorrhiza, arbuscular-vesicular mycorrhiza, proteoid roots of various Proteaceae and the nodules formed by fungi or Actinomycetes on certain Gymno-sperms (Podocarpus) are omitted, since the evidence now seems to be that, if fixation occurs at all in these, it fails to reach physiologically significant proportions.

Table 6.1 Symbiotic systems involving plants capable of fixing nitrogen
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Authors
  1. J. S. Pate
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Technische Hochschule, Botanisches Institut, Schnittspahnstr. 3-5, 6100, Darmstadt, Federal Republic of Germany

    U. Lüttge

  2. School of Biological Sciences (A 12), University of Sydney, Sydney, N.S.W., 2006, Australia

    M. G. Pitman

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© 1976 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg

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Pate, J.S. (1976). Transport in Symbiotic Systems Fixing Nitrogen. In: Lüttge, U., Pitman, M.G. (eds) Transport in Plants II. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, vol 2 / B. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66230-0_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66230-0_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-66232-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-66230-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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