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Characterization of the Thyrotropin Receptor and Its Involvement in Exophthalmos

  • Chapter
Molecular Aspects of Membrane Phenomena

Abstract

Two theories have been advanced to explain the exophthalmos of Graves’ disease. The earlier theory suggested that exophthalmos was caused by the exaggerated production of a pituitary factor whereas the more recent theory implicated an autoimmune mechanism. The first theory was based on the detection of exophthalmogenic activity in anterior pituitary extracts and partially purified thyrotropin (TSH) preparations (DOBYNS, 1966). The second was based on the detection of a “long-acting thyroid stimulator” (LAIS) in the sera of exophthalmic patients more frequently than in the sera of hyperthyroid patients without this ophthalmopathy (McKENZIE, 1968). LAIS was present in the gamma globulin fraction of these sera and exhibited characteristics of an antibody (KRISS, PHESHAKOV, ROSENBLUM, 1967; SOLOMON, BEALL, 1968).

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Abbreviations

TSH:

thyroid stimulating hormone or thyrotropin

EPF:

the exophthalmos producing factor isolated from partial pepsin digests of purified TSH preparations

LH:

luteinizing hormone

HCG:

human chorionic gonadotropin

ACTH:

adrenocorticotropic hormone

LIS:

lithium diiodosalicylate

MES:

(2-N-morpholino) ethane sulfonic acid

Hepes:

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N’-2-ethane sulfonic acid

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section on Biochemistry of Cell Regulation, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolism, and Digestive Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20014, USA

    Leonard D. Kohn & Roger J. Winand

  2. Département de Clinique et de Sémiologie Médicales, Institut de Médecine, Université de Liège, B4000, Liège, Belgium

    Leonard D. Kohn & Roger J. Winand

Authors
  1. Leonard D. Kohn
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  2. Roger J. Winand
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, 07110, Nutley, NJ, USA

    H. Ronald Kaback

  2. Department of Biochemistry J405 Health Sciences SJ-70, University of Washington, 98195, Seattle, WA, USA

    Hans Neurath

  3. Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3QU, Oxford, England

    George K. Radda

  4. Institute for Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Eidgenössiche Technische Hochschule, 8049, Zürich, Switzerland

    Robert Schwyzer

  5. Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories, P.O. Box 999, 99352, Richland, WA, USA

    William R. Wiley

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© 1975 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Kohn, L.D., Winand, R.J. (1975). Characterization of the Thyrotropin Receptor and Its Involvement in Exophthalmos. In: Kaback, H.R., Neurath, H., Radda, G.K., Schwyzer, R., Wiley, W.R. (eds) Molecular Aspects of Membrane Phenomena. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66224-9_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66224-9_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-66226-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-66224-9

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