Abstract
At the present time, energy sources for implanted cardiac pacemakers usually take the form of carefully aged alkaline zinc/HgO primary cells that are provided with a guarantee. These cells are already highly developed and are manufactured with great care. Despite this, however, spontaneous discharge still limits their service life. In consequence, they have to be replaced in a surgical procedure every 18 months or so. In the search for newer and better electrochemical sources of energy, the following avenues are being explored:
Cd/Hg primary cells
primary cells with solid electrolytes
primary cells with organically dissolved electrolytes
(the last two cells often with Li anodes)
gas-tight accumulators, which can be recharged within the body
body-integrated metal/air primary cells
body-integrated fuel cells
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
K.-J. Euler, “Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der galvanischen Stromerzeuger”, ETZ-B 12, 462 u. 487 (1960)
H.J. Wanjura, “Aufladbare Herzschrittmacher, ein technisches Problem”, Medizinalmarkt 17 (1969)
K.-J. Euler, “Energiequellen für Herzschrittmacher”, ETZ-B 22, 477 (1970)
W. Greatbatch, J.H. Lee, W. Mathias, M. Eldridge, J.R. Moser, and A.A. Schneider, “The Solid-state Li-Battery: a new improved chemical power source for implantable cardiac pacemakers”, IEEE Trans. Biomed. Engn. 18, 317 (1971)
T. Renner, G. Rittmayer, D. Falkenberg, and G. Grubmüller, “An isotopic thermoelectric battery for cardiac pacemakers”, Power from Radioisotopes, Abstracts: International Symposium, Madrid, p. 10 (1972)
F. Wallner, “Implantable devices and their energy needs”, Abstracts: International Symposium, Madrid, p. 75 (1972)
G. Lehmann, T. Rassinoux, G. Gerbier, and J.P. Gabano, “The silver chromate-lithium cell”, Power sources, edited by D.H. Collins, Oriel Press, Newcastle 4, 493 (1973)
K. Fester and R.L. Doty, “Solid-state batteries for cardiac pacemakers”, Medical Instrumentation 7, 172 (1973)
M. Alais, B. Etieve, and P. Thomas, “Electrical microgenerators for medical use”, Power Sources, edited by D.H. Collins, Oriel Press, Newcastle 4, 615 (1973)
M. Eisenberg and K. Wong, “Stable, high energy aqueous electrolyte lithium batteries”, Abstracts: 8th Inter. Soc. Energy Conversion Engineering Conference Philadelphia, 58 (1973)
L.C. Olsen and S.E. Seeman, “Betacel batteries for biomedical applications”, Abstracts: 8th Inter. Soc. Energy Conversion Engineering Conference Philadelphia 454 (1973)
L.C. Olsen and A. Bennett, “Thermoelectrical nuclear batteries”, Abstracts: 8th Inter. Soc. Energy Conversion Engineering Conference Philadelphia 481 (1973)
L.T. Harmison, “A brief report on the status of long-life cardiac pacemaker development”, National Heart and Lung Institute, Bethesda, Md 20014, USA; DHEW Publ. no. (NI H) 74 (1973)
E. Voss and G. Huster, “Zuverlässigkeit von Bleiakkumulatoren”, Chemie-Ing.Techn. 38, 623 (1966)
H. Kowalewsky, “Batteriesysteme”, Vortrag anläßlich des Symposiums der Bundesanstalt f. Materialprüfung, Berlin (1973)
J. Place, “Electrochemical power sources for pacemakers”, Chemistry and Industry, 20, 565 (1974)
R.E. Fischell, K.B. Lewis, and J.H. Schulman, “A long-lived rechargeable cardiac pacemaker”, Symposium “Advances in Pacemaker Technology”, Erlangen (1974)
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1975 Springer-Verlag Berlin-Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Euler, KJ. (1975). Electrochemical and Radioactive Power Sources for Cardiac Pacemakers. In: Schaldach, M., Furman, S. (eds) Engineering in Medicine. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66187-7_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66187-7_21
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-66189-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-66187-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive