Zusammenfassung
An important range of functions has been ascribed to the exocrine pancreas (Table 1) but very little is known about the quantitative nature of these functions in man. The analysis and description of disturbances of pancreatic function is therefore still very crude.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Kinney, T.D., Kaufman, N., Klavins, J.V.: Regeneration of pancreatic acini during ethionine administration. Arch. Path. 60, 639–643 (1955).
Tiscornia, O.M., Dreiling, D.A.: Does the pancreatic gland regenerate? Gastroenterology 51, 267–271(1966).
Lehv, M., Fitzgerald, P.J.: Pancreatic cell regeneration. IV. Regeneration after surgical resection. Amer. J. Path. 53, 513–534 (1968).
Ottolenghi, A., Chiamenti, C., Bosello, O., Bettili, G.: Régénération du pancréas chez le rat. Nouv. Presse méd. 2, 153–157 (1973).
Sarles, H., Sarles, J.C., Camatte, R.: Observations on 205 confirmed cases of acute pancreatitis, recurring pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis. Gut 6, 545–559 (1965).
Nakamura, K., Sarles, H., Payan, H.: Three-dimensional reconstruction of the pancreatic ducts in chronic pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 62, 942–949 (1972).
Payan, H., Sarles, H., Demirdjian, M., Gauthier, A.P., Cros, R.C., Durbec, J.P.: Study of the histological features of chronic pancreatitis by correspondence analysis. Identification of chronic calcifying pancreatitis as an entity. Rev. Europ. Études clin. Biol. 17, 663–670 (1972).
Tasso, F., Stemmelin, N., Sarles, H., Clop, J., Durbec, J.P., Cros, R.C., Cornee, J.: Comparative morphometric study of the human pancreas in its normal state and in primary chronic calcifying pancreatitis. Biomed. 18, 134–144(1973).
Tiscornia, O.M., Jacobson, J.H., Dreiling, D.A.: Microsurgery of the canine pancreatic duct: experimental study and review of previous approaches to the management of pancreatic duct pathology. Surgery 58, 58–72 (1965).
Boquist, L., Edström, C.: Ultrastructure of pancreatic and islet parenchyma in rats at various intervals after duct ligation. Virchows Arch. Abt. A 349, 69–79 (1970).
Banks, P.A.: Acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 61, 382–397 (1971).
Evans, H.W., Gross, J.B., Baggenstoss, A.H.: Acute and subacute interstitial pancreatitis: a clinicopathologic study. Gastroenterology 35, 457–464 (1958).
Stein, A.A., Powers, S.R.: Terminal pancreatitis. Arch. Path. 65, 445–448 (1958)
Czernobilsky, B., Mikat, K.W.: The diagnostic significance of interstitial pancreatitis found at autopsy. Amer. J. clin. Path. 41, 33–43 (1964).
Nelp, W.B.: Acute pancreatitis associated with steroid therapy. Arch, intern. Med. 108, 702–710 (1961).
Riemenschneider, T.A., Wilson, J.F., Vernier, R.L.: Glucocorticoid-induced pancreatitis in children. Paediatrics 41, 428–437 (1968).
Jones, M.F., Caldwell, J.R.: Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis associated with administration of chlorthalidone. New Engl. J. Med. 267, 1029–1031 (1962).
Block, M.B., Genant, H.K., Kirsner, J.B.: Pancreatitis as an adverse reaction to salicylazosulfa-pyridine. New Engl. J. Med. 282, 380–382 (1970).
Nogueira, J.R., Freedman, M.A.: Acute pancreatitis as a complication of imuran therapy in regional enteritis. Gastroenterology 62, 1040–1041 (1972).
Kawanishi, H., Rudolph, E., Bull, F.E.: Azathioprine-induced acute pancreatitis. New Engl. J. Med. 289, 357 (1973).
Glueck, C.J., Scheel, D., Fishback, J., Steiner, P.: Estrogen-induced pancreatitis in patients with previously covert familial type V hyperlipoproteinemia. Metabolism 21, 657–666 (1972).
Davidoff, F., Tishler, S., Rosoff, C.: Marked hyperlipidemia and pancreatitis associated with oral contraceptive therapy. New Engl. J. Med. 289, 552–555 (1973).
McDermott, W.V., Bartlett, M.K., Culver, P.J.: Acute pancreatitis after prolonged fast and subsequent surfeit. New Engl. J. Med. 254, 379–380 (1956).
Jamieson, J.D.: The secretory process in the pancreatic exocrine cell: morphologic and biochemical aspects. In: Secretin, cholecystokinin-pancreozymin and gastrin. In: Handbuch der Exp. Pharmakologie, vol. 34, Chapter III, p. 195–218 (eds. Jorpes, J.E., Mutt, V.). Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1973.
Reggio, H., Cailla, H.L.: Effect of Actinomycin D., pancreozymin and secretion on R.N.A. synthesis and protein synthesis measured in vivo in rat pancreas. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 338, 37–42 (1974).
Wormsley, K.G.: The source of duodenal aspirate in man. Gut 9, 398–404 (1968).
Case, R.M., Harper, A.A., Scratcherd, T.: The secretion of electrolytes and enzymes by the pancreas of the anaesthetized cat. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 201, 335–348 (1969).
Reber, H.A., Wolf, C.J., Lee, S.P.: Role of the main duct in pancreatic electrolyte secretion. Surg. Forum 20, 382–384 (1969).
Wastell, C., Rudick, J., Dreiling, D.A.: Bicarbonate-chloride exchange across pancreatic duct epithelium in dogs. Amer. J. Gastroent. 52, 99–100 (1969).
Case, R.M., Scratcherd, T.: On the permeability of the pancreatic duct membrane. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 219, 493–495 (1970).
Moqtaderi, F., Himal, H.S., Rudick, J., Dreiling, D.A.: Pancreatic transductal electrolyte flux. Amer. J. Gastroent. 58, 177–184 (1972).
Reber, H.A., Wolf, C.J.: Micropuncture study of pancreatic electrolyte secretion. Amer. J. Physiol. 215, 34–40(1968).
Schulz, I., Yamagata, A., Weske, M.: Micropuncture studies on the pancreas of the rabbit. Pflügers Arch. 308, 277–290 (1969).
Mangos, J.A., McSherry, N.R.: Micropuncture study of excretion of water and electrolytes by the pancreas. Amer. J. Physiol. 221, 496–503 (1971).
Jamieson, J.D., Palade, G.E.: Synthesis, intracellular transport, and discharge of secretory proteins in stimulated pancreatic exocrine cells. J. Cell Biol. 50, 135–158 (1971).
Amsterdam, A., Jamieson, J.D.: Structural and functional characterization of isolated pancreatic exocrine cells. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 69, 3028–3032 (1972).
Forssman, W.G., Bieger, W.: Biosynthese falscher Proteine: Einbau von p-Chlorphenylalanin in Enzyme des exokrinen Pankreas. Res. exp. Med. 160, 1–20 (1973).
Rutten, W.J., De Pont, J.J.H.H.M., Bonting, S.L.: Adenylate cyclase in the rat pancreas. Properties and stimulation by hormones. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 274, 201–213 (1972).
Black, O., Webster, P.D.: Protein synthesis in pancreas of fasted pigeons. J. Cell Biol. 57, 1–8 (1973).
Wormsley, K.G., Goldberg, D.M.: The interrelationships of the pancreatic enzymes. Gut 13, 398–412 (1972).
Irenus, C.: Experimental bile pancreatitis with special reference to recovery and to the toxicity of the hemorrhagic exudate. Arch. Surg. 42, 126–140 (1941).
Grossman, M.I.: Experimental pancreatitis. Arch, intern. Med. 96, 298–306 (1955).
Beck, L.T., Kahn, D.S., Solymar, J., McKenna, R.D., Zylberszac, B.: The role of pancreatic enzymes in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. III. Comparison of the pathologic and biochemical changes in the canine pancreas to intraductal injection with bile and trypsin. Gastroenterology 46, 531–542(1964).
Nudelman, H.L., Munger, B.L., Bernard, H.R.: The pathological anatomy of acute pancreatitis. J. Amer. med. Ass. 192, 387–388 (1965).
Doerr, W., Diezel, P.B., Grözinger, K.-H., Lasch, H.G., Nagel, W., Rossner, J.A., Wanke, M., Willig, F.: Pathogenese der experimentellen autodigestiven Pankreatitis. Klin. Wschr. 43, 125–136(1965).
Creutzfeld, W., Schmidt, H.: Aetiology and pathogenesis of pancreatitis (Current concepts). Scand. J. Gastroent., Suppl. 6, 47–62 (1970).
Chiari, H.: Über die Selbstverdauung des menschlichen Pankreas. Z. Heilk. 17, 69–96 (1896).
Beck, L.T., Pinter, E.J., Solymar, J., McKenna, R.D., Ritchie, A.C.: The role of pancreatic enzymes in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. II. The fate of pancreatic proteolytic enzymes in the course of acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 43, 60–70 (1962).
Creutzfeldt, W., Söling, H.D., Ketterer, H.: Intrapankreatische Aktivierung von proteoly-tischen Fermenten und Trasylolwirkung bei der experimentellen Pankreatitis der Ratte. Klin. Wschr. 41, 1002–1007 (1963).
Geokas, M.C., Rinderknecht, H., Swanson, V., Haverback, B.J.: The role of elastase in acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis in man. Lab. Invest. 19, 235–239 (1968).
Anderson, M.C., Needleman, S.B., Gramatica, L., Toranto, L.R., Briggs, D.R.: Further inquiry into the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. Arch. Surg. 99, 185–191 (1969).
Schmidt, H., Creutzfeldt, W.: The possible role of phospholipase A in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. Scand. J. Gastroent. 4, 39–48 (1969).
Papp, M., Breuer, J.H., Németh, E.P., Fodor, I., Folly, G.: On the lysolecithin content of the pancreas in experimental acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 65, 778–787 (1973).
Lacko, A.G., Neurath, H.: Studies on procarboxypeptidase A and carboxypeptidase A of the spiny pacific dogfish (Squalus Acanthias). Biochemistry (Wash.) 9, 4680–4690 (1970).
Kassell, B., Kay, J.: Zymogens of proteolytic enzymes. Science 180, 1022–1027 (1973).
Behnke, W.D., Vallee, B.L.: The cobalt spectrum of procarboxypeptidase A., an index of catalytic function. Fed. Proc. 31, 435 (1972).
Segal, H.L.: Enzymatic interconversion of active and inactive forms of enzymes. Science 180, 25–32(1973).
Heilmeyer, L.M.G., Meyer, F., Haschke, R.H., Fischer, E.H.: Control of Phosphorylase activity in a muscle glycogen particle. IL Activation by calcium. J. biol. Chem. 245, 6649–6656 (1970).
Brostrom, C.O., Hunkeler, F.L., Krebs, E.G.: The regulation of skeletal muscle Phosphorylase kinase by Ca2+. J. biol. Chem. 246, 1961–1967 (1971).
Glaessner, K.: Über menschliches Pankreassekret. Hoppe-Seylers Z. physiol. Chem. 40, 465–479 (1903/4).
Kogut, B., Matzner, M.J., Sobel, A.E.: A study of external pancreatic secretion in man. J. clin. Invest. 15, 393–396 (1936).
Snyder, W.H., Lium, R.: Pancreatic fistula. A case with intubation of Wirsung’s duct. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 62, 57–64 (1936).
McCaughan, J.M., Sinner, B.L., Sullivan, C.J.: The external secretory function of the human pancreas. Arch, intern. Med. 61, 739–754 (1938).
Miller, J.M., Wiper, T.B.: Physiologic observations on patients with external pancreatic fistula. Ann. Surg. 120, 852–872 (1944).
Newman, E.A., Eisenstern, M.: Observations on a patient with pancreatic fistula. Gastroenterology 13, 528–534 (1949).
Miller, J.M., Ginsberg, M.: Physiologic observations on a patient with an external pancreatic fistula. Arch. Surg. 61, 346–356 (1950).
Sinclair, I.S.R.: Observations on a case of external pancreatic fistula in man. Brit. J. Surg. 44, 250–262 (1956).
Anderson, M.C., Mehn, W.H., Method, H.L.: Physiologic observations upon a partial pancreatic fistula following gastrectomy. Amer. J. Surg. 97, 260–269 (1959).
Doubilet, H., Fishman, L.: Human biliary-pancreatic secretion. Amer. J. Gastroent. 35, 499–512 (1961).
Elmslie, R.G., White, T.T., Magee, D.F.: Observations on pancreatic function in eight patients with controlled pancreatic fistulas. Ann. Surg. 160, 937–949 (1964).
Schapiro, H., Ragland, L.B., Sherman, R., Wruble, L.D.: A study of a patient with an external pancreatic fistula. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 12, 1029–1035 (1967).
Robinson, L.A., Churchill, C.L., White, T.T.: Electrophoretic analysis of twenty-four specimens of human pancreatic juice. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 222, 390–395 (1970).
Tournut, R., White, T.T.: Water, electrolyte, and protein secretions of the human exocrine pancreas in the early postoperative period. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 135, 17–21 (1972).
Allan, B.J., Tournut, White, T.T.: Intraductal activation of pancreatic zymogens behind a carcinoma of the pancreas. Gastroenterology 65, 412–418 (1973).
Lagerlöf, H.O.: Pancreatic function and pancreatic disease. Studied by means of secretin. Acta med. scand., Suppl. 128, 1–289 (1942).
Dreiling, D.A., Janowitz, H.D.: The measurement of pancreatic secretory function. In: Ciba Found. Symp. on the Exocrine Pancreas eds. De Reuck, A.V.S., Cameron, M.P., p. 225–252. London: Churchill 1962.
Hadorn, B., Johansen, P.G., Anderson, C.M.: Pancreozymin-secretin test of exocrine pancreatic function in cystic fibrosis and the significance of the result for the pathogenesis of the disease. Canad. med. Ass. J. 98, 377–385 (1968).
Wormsley, K.G.: Response to secretin in man. Gastroenterology 54, 197–209 (1968).
Ribet, A., Pascal, J.-P., Vaysse, N.: L’exploration fonctionelle du pancréas exocrine par les perfusions de sécrétine. Arch. Mal. Appar. dig. 58, 531–539 (1969).
Wormsley, K.G.: The response to infusion of a combination of secretin and pancreozymin in health and disease. Scand. J. Gastroent. 4, 623–632 (1969).
Petersen, H.: Bicarbonate and acid secretion in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease. Scand. J. Gastroent. 5, 555–559 (1970).
Dreiling, D.A., Bordalo, O.: Secretory patterns in minimal pancreatic inflammatory pathologies. Amer. J. Gastroent. 60, 60–69 (1973).
Wormsley, K.G.: Reactions to acid in the intestine in health and disease. Gut 12, 67–84 (1971).
Harper, A.A.: The control of pancreatic secretion. Gut 13, 308–317 (1972).
Wormsley, K.G.: Is secretin secreted? Gut 14, 743–751 (1973).
Grossman, M.I., Konturek, S.J.: Gastric acid does drive pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. Scand. J. Gastroent. 9, 299–302 (1974).
Jorpes, J.E.: The isolation and chemistry of secretin and cholecystokinin. Gastroenterology 55, 157–164(1968).
Stening, G.F., Vagne, M., Grossman, M.I.: Relative potency of commercial secretins. Gastroenterology 55, 687–689 (1968).
Vagne, M., Stening, G.F., Brooks, F., Grossman, M.I.: Synthetic secretin: comparison with natural secretin for potency and spectrum of physiological actions. Gastroenterology 55, 260–267 (1968).
Bodanszky, A., Ondetti, M.A., Mutt, V., Bodanszky, M.: Synthesis of secretin. IV. Secondary structure in a miniature protein. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 91, 944–949 (1969).
Wünsch, E.: Zur Synthese von biologisch voll-aktivem Sekretin. Naturwissenschaften 59, 239 – 246 (1972).
Lehnert, P., Stahlheber, H., Roder, O., Zoelch, M., Forell, M.M., Wünsch, E., Jaeger, E., Martens, H.L.: Bestimmung der biologischen Aktivität von synthetischem Sekretin. Klin. Wschr. 51, 44–46 (1973).
Schleyerbach, R., Classen, M., Caldwell, L.J., Demling, F.: A long-acting secretin preparation: the effect on pancreatic secretion in dogs and on pentagastrin-induced peptic ulcer in cats. Acta hepato-gastroent. 20, 428–434 (1973).
Farooq, O., Sturdevant, R.L., Isenberg, J.I.: Comparison of synthetic and natural porcine secretins on human pancreatic secretion in man. Gastroenterology 66, 204–209 (1974).
Ondetti, M.A., Rubin, B., Engel, S.L., Pluscec, J., Sheenan, J.T.: Cholecystokinin-Pancreozy-min: recent developments. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 15, 149–156 (1970).
Nakajima, S.: The action of the C-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin and related peptides on pancreatic exocrine secretion. Gut 14, 607–615 (1973).
Ribet, A., Duffaut, M., Vaysse, N., Laval, J.: Intérêt de la caeruléine en perfusion dans l’exploration fonctionnelle du pancréas exocrine. Arch. Mal. Appar. dig. 61, 541–548 (1972).
Dreiling, D.A., Hollander, F.: Studies in pancreatic function. I. Preliminary series of clinical studies with the secretin test. Gastroenterology 11, 714–729 (1948).
Dreiling, D.A.: Studies in pancreatic function. IV. The use of the secretin test in the diagnosis of tumors in and about the pancreas. Gastroenterology 18, 184–196 (1951).
Dreiling, D.A.: The early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Scand. J. Gastroent., Suppl. 6, 115–122(1970).
Perrier, C.V., Dreiling, D.A., Janowitz, H.D.: A stop-flow analysis of pancreatic secretion. Gastroenterology 46, 700–705 (1964).
Burton, P., Evans, D.G., Harper, A.A., Howat, H.T., Oleesky, S., Scott, J.E., Varley, H.: A test of pancreatic function in man based on the analysis of duodenal contents after administration of secretin and pancreozymin. Gut 1, 111–124 (1960).
Sun, D.C.H.: The use of pancreozymin-secretin test in the diagnosis of pancreatitis and tumors of the pancreas. Gastroenterology 45, 203–208 (1963).
Ohlsén, P.: Endocrine and exocrine pancreatic function in pancreatitis. Acta med. scand., Suppl. 484, 1–99 (1968).
Walker, R.J., Mallinson, C.N., Corrigall, A., Knox, M.T., Williams, R.: Duodenal juice in primary haemochromatosis. Digestion 8, 442–443 (1973).
Goidsenhoven, G.E.V., Henke, W.J., Vacca, J.B., Knight, W.A.: Pancreatic function in cirrhosis of the liver. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 8, 160–173 (1963).
Zieve, L., Mulford, B.: Secretion of pancreatic enzymes. III. Response of patients with cirrhosis to secretin and pancreozymin. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 12, 303–309 (1967).
Dreiling, D.A., Bordalo, O.: Secretory patterns in minimal pancreatic inflammatory pathologies. Clin. Res. 21, 49 (1973).
Dreiling, D.A., Janowitz, H.D.: The secretion of electrolytes by the human pancreas. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 4, 137–144(1959).
Zieve, L., Silvis, S.E., Mulford, B., Blackwood, W.D.: Secretion of pancreatic enzymes. I. Response to secretin and pancreozymin. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 11, 671–684 (1966).
Hansky, J.: Pancreatic function tests: comparison of standard and augmented secretin. Aust. N.Z. J. Med. 2, 109–113 (1971).
Rothman, S.S., Brooks, F.P.: Pancreatic secretion in vitro in “Cl--free”, “CO2-free”, and low-Na+ environment. Amer. J. Physiol. 209, 790–796 (1965).
Rothman, S.S., Brooks, F.P.: Chloride, the “other” anion of pancreatic secretion. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 11, 251–256(1966).
Ribet, A., Pascal, J.-P., Sannou, N.: Étude de la fonction exocrine du pancréas humain par les perfusions continues de sécrétine. I. Influence des doses croissantes sur la sécrétion electrolytique. Arch. Mal. Appar. dig. 56, 677–684 (1967).
Pascal, J.-P., Sannou, N., Ribet, A.: Exploration of pancreatic exocrine function by continuous infusion of secretin. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 13, 213–221 (1968).
Wormsley, K.G.: Tests of pancreatic function. Proc. roy. Soc. Med. 63, 431–433 (1970).
Hotz, J., Goberna, R., Clodi, P.H.: Reserve capacity of the exocrine pancreas. Enzyme secretion and fecal fat assimilation in the 95 per cent pancreatectomized rat. Digestion 9, 212–223 (1973).
Case, R.M., Harper, A.A., Scratcherd, T.: Water and electrolyte secretion by the perfused pancreas of the cat. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 196, 133–149 (1968).
Ribet, A., Pascal, J.-P., Vaysse, N., Boucard, J.P.: Relationship between bicarbonate, chloride and volume flow at high secretory rates in the pancreatic juice of the dog. Scand. J. Gastroent. 3, 401–406(1968).
Fawcett, A.N.: The relationship between flow and electrolyte secretion in the canine pancreas. Gut 11, 700–708 (1970).
Henriksen, F.W., Möller, S.: Effect of secretin on the pancreatic secretion of protein. Scand. J. Gastroent., Suppl. 9, 181–187(1971).
Wormsley, K.G.: Response to duodenal acidification in man. I. Electrolyte changes in the duodenal aspirate. Scand. J. Gastroent. 4, 717–726 (1969).
Wormsley, K.G.: Response to duodenal acidification in man. III. Comparison with the effects of secretin and pancreozymin. Scand. J. Gastroent. 5, 353–360 (1970).
Warwick, R.R.G., Tothill, P., Percy-Robb, I.W., Shearman, D.J.C.: The calcium concentration in pancreatic secretion in chronic pancreatitis and carcinoma of the pancreas. Scand. J. Gastroent. 8, 301–305 (1973).
Goebell, H., Baltzer, G., Schlott, K.A., Bode, C.: Parallel secretion of calcium and enzymes by the human pancreas. Digestion 8, 336–346 (1973).
Goebell, H., Horn, H.D., Bode, C., Gossmann, H.H.: Primärer Hyperparathyreoidismus und exokrine Pankreasfunktion. Klin. Wschr. 48, 810–819 (1970).
Baltzer, G., Goebell, H., Müller-Reinhardt, B.: Magnesium und Calcium im Duodenalsaft bei verschiedenen Funktionszuständen des Pankreas und bei primärem Hyperparathyreoidismus. Klin. Wschr. 52, 74–79 (1974).
Nimmo, J., Finlayson, N.D.C., Smith, A.F., Shearman, D.J.C.: The production of calcium and magnesium during pancreatic function tests in health and disease. Gut 11, 163–166 (1970).
Hansky, J.: Calcium content of duodenal juice. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 12, 725–733 (1967).
Goebell, H., Bode, G., Horn, H.D.: Einfluß von Secretin und Pankreozymin auf die Calciumse-kretion im menschlichen Duodenalsaft bei normaler und gestörter Pankreasfunktion. Klin. Wschr. 48, 1330–1339 (1970).
Kelly, T.R.: Relationship of hyperparathyroidism to pancreatitis Arch. Surg. 97, 267–273 (1968).
Stein, E.A., Fischer, E.H.: The resistance of alpha-amylases towards proteolytic attack. J. biol. Chem. 232, 867–879 (1958).
Holtermuller, K.H., Go, V.L.W., Sizemore, G.W., Malagelada, J.R., McCall, J.T.: Intraduodenal calcium stimulates pancreatic secretion and gall bladder emptying in man. Gastroenterology 64, 747 (1973).
Pascal, J.P., Guiraud, R., Vaysse, N., Augier, D.: Osmolality of duodenal aspirate following secretin infusion in man. Digestion 3, 222–230 (1970).
Keller, P.J., Allan, B.J.: The protein composition of human pancreatic juice. J. biol. Chem. 242, 281–287(1967).
Figarella, C., Souville, C., Sarles, H.: Étude de sucs pancréatiques humains normaux et pathologiques par électrophorèse en disque. Purification de l’amylase humaine. Bull. Soc. Chim. Biol. 50, 675–677 (1968).
Clemente, F., Caro, A. de, Figarella, C.: Composition du suc pancréatique humain. Europ. J. Biochem. 31, 186–193 (1972).
Figarella, C.: Les protéines du suc pancréatique humain. Arch. Mal. Appar. dig. 62, 337–353 (1973).
Troll, W., Doubilet, H.: The determination of proteolytic enzymes and proenzymes in human pancreatic juice. Gastroenterology 19, 326–330 (1951).
Geokas, M.C., Rinderknecht, H., Wilding, P., Lillard, Y., Baker, A.L., Berne, C.J., Haver-back, B.J.: Proteolytic enzymes in human pancreatic juice in acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 54, 1237 (1968).
Haverback, B.J., Dyce, B., Bundy, H., Edmondson, H.A.: Trypsin, trypsinogen and trypsin inhibitor in human pancreatic juice. Amer. J. Med. 29, 424–433 (1960).
Figarella, C., Clemente, F., Guy, O.: On zymogens of human pancreatic juice. FEBS Letters 3, 351–353(1969).
Borgström, B., Dahlqvist, A., Lundh, G., Sjövall, J.: Studies of intestinal digestion and absorption in the human. J. clin. Invest. 36, 1521–1535 (1957).
Pelot, D., Grossman, M.I.: Distribution and fate of pancreatic enzymes in small intestine of the rat. Amer. J. Physiol. 202, 285–288 (1962).
Goldberg, D.M., Campbell, R., Roy, A.D.: Fate of trypsin and chymotrypsin in the human small intestine. Gut 10, 477–483 (1969).
Khayat, M.H., Christophe, J.: In vitro inactivation of pancreatic enzymes in washings of the rat small intestine. Amer. J. Physiol. 217, 923–929 (1969).
Christophe, J., Vandermeers, A., Robberecht, P., Khayat, M.H., Vandermeers-Piret, M.C., Camus, J., Rathe, J.: Function, biosynthesis, secretion and intestinal degradation of a pancreatic hydrolase: the lipase of the rat exocrine pancreas. Rev. Europ. Études clin. Biol. 16, 108–116 (1971).
Figarella, C.: Composition et stabilité de l’équipement enzymatique du pancréas de l’homme et de divers animaux. Bull. Soc. Chim. Biol. 48, 97–115 (1966).
Fritz, H., Hutzel, M., Hüller, I., Wiedemann, M., Stahlheber, H., Lehnert, P., Forell, M.M.: Über das Sekretionsverhalten der spezifischen Trypsininhibitoren und des Kallikreinogens beim Pankreas von Hund und Mensch. Hoppe-Seylers Z. physiol. Chem. 348, 1575–1578 (1967).
Müller-Wieland, K., Berndt, W.: Die Bedeutung der Aktivierung und Inaktivierung von proteolytischen Enzymen für die Funktionsdiagnostik des Pankreas. Z. Gastroent. 5, 234–238 (1967).
Morgan, A., Robinson, L.A., White, T.T.: Postoperative changes in the trypsin inhibitor activities of human pancreatic juice and the influence of infusion of trasylol on the inhibitor activity. Amer. J. Surg. 115, 131–135 (1968).
Bock, O.A.A., Richards, W.C.D., Witts, L.J.: The relationship between acid secretion after augmented histamine stimulation and the histology of the gastric mucosa. Gut 4, 112–114 (1963).
Rohrer, G.V., Welsh, J.D.: Correlative study: gastric secretion and histology. Gastroenterology 52, 185–191 (1967).
Konturek, S.J., Urban, A.: The correlation between gastric acid secretion and histology of fundic and antral gland area. Scand. J. Gastroent. 4, 463–468 (1969).
Berstad, A., Myren, J.: Effect of graded doses of pentagastrin in patients with and without gastritis. Gut 11, 299–302 (1970).
Schmidt, H.A., Haake, U., Riecken, E.O.: Untersuchungen zur Beziehung zwischen Säuresekretion und Belegzellzahl in Biopsiematerial. Klin. Wschr. 50, 744–750 (1972).
Broomé, A.: Mechanism of the vagotomy-induced suppression of the maximal acid response to histamine in antrectomized duodenal ulcer patients. Scand. J. Gastroent. 2, 275–282 (1967).
Aubrey, D.A., Forrest, A.P.M.: The effect of vagotomy on human gastric secretion. Brit. J. Surg. 57, 332–338 (1970).
Rosato, E.F., Rosato, F.E., MacFadyen, B.: Effect of truncal vagotomy on acid and pepsin responses to histamine in duodenal ulcer subjects. Ann. Surg. 173, 63–66 (1971).
Elder, J.B., Gillespie, G., Campbell, E.H.G., Gillespie, I.E., Crean, G.P., Kay, A.W.: The effect of vagotomy on the lower part of the acid dose-response curve to pentagastrin in man. Clin. Sc. 43, 193–200 (192).
Johnston, D., Wilkinson, A.R., Humphrey, C.S., Smith, R.B., Goligher, J.C., Kragelund, E., Amdrup, E.: Serial studies of gastric secretion in patients after highly selective (parietal cell) vagotomy without a drainage procedure for duodenal ulcer. I. Effect of highly selective vagotomy on basal and pentagastrin-stimulated maximal acid output. Gastroenterology 64, 1–11(1973).
Broomé, A., Olbe, L.: Studies on the mechanism of the antrectomy-induced suppression of the maximal acid response to histamine in duodenal ulcer patients. Scand. J. Gastroent. 4, 281–289 (1969).
Debray, C., Vaille, C., de la Tour, J., Rozé, C., Souchard, M.: La pancreozymins État actuel de la question. Son action sur la sécrétion biliaire et pancréatique externe du rat. Rev. int. Hépat. 13, 473–499 (1963).
Leroy, J., Morisset, J.A., Webster, P.D.: Dose-related response of pancreatic synthesis and secretion to cholecystokinin-pancreozymin. J. Lab. clin. Med. 78, 149–157 (1971).
Bauduin, H., Tondeur, T., Sande, J. van, Vincent, D.: Secretion and protein metabolism in the rat pancreas in vitro. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 304, 81–92 (1972).
Fölsch, U.R., Wormsley, K.G.: Pancreatic enzyme response to secretin and cholecystokinin-pancreozymin in the rat. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 234, 79–94 (1973).
Ziegler, R., Minne, H., Hotz, J., Neumann, K., Goebell, H.: Inhibitory influences upon the exocrine pancreatic function in the rat. Europ. J. clin. Invest. 3, 278 (1973).
Sarles, H., Bauer, J.-B., Prezlin, G.: Étude des injections repetées et des perfusions continues de sécrétine chez l’homme. Arch. Mal. Appar. dig. 54, 177–194 (1965).
Wormsley, K.G.: The action of secretin on the secretion of enzymes by the human pancreas. Scand. J. Gastroent. 3, 183–188 (1968).
Wormsley, K.G.: Further studies of the response to secretin and pancreozymin in man. Scand. J. Gastroent. 6, 343–350 (1971).
Anrep, G.V., Lush, J.L., Palmer, M.G.: Observations on pancreatic secretion. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 59, 434–442 (1925).
Sarles, H., Figarella, C., Prezelin, G., Souville, C.: Comportement différent de la lipase, de l’amylase et des enzymes protéolytiques pancréatiques après différents modes d’excitation du pancréas humain. Bull. Soc. Chim. Biol. 48, 951–957 (1966).
Lagerlöf, H.O., Schütz, H.B., Holmer, S.: A secretin test with high doese of secretin and correction for incomplete recovery of duodenal juice. Gastroenterology 52, 67–77 (1967).
Ribet, A., Pascal, J.P., Vaysse, N.: Recherche de la capacité enzymatique maxima du pancréas exocrine humain normal sous perfusion continue de sécrétine et de pancréozymine. Biol. Gastroent. 2, 163–170 (1968).
Schütz, H.B., Andersson, S., Lagerlöf, H.O.: Pancreatic exocrine secretion in normal subjects studied by continuous infusion of pancreozymin and secretin. Scand. J. Gastroent. 4, 597–602 (1969).
Goldberg, D.M., Wormsley, K.G.: The interrelationships of pancreatic enzymes in human duodenal aspirate. Gut 11, 859–866 (1970).
Goldberg, D.M., Sale, J.K., Fawcett, N., Wormsley, K.G.: Trypsin and chymotrypsin as aids in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 17, 780–792 (1972).
Worning, H., Müllertz, S., Thaysen, E.H., Bang, H.O.: pH and concentration of pancreatic enzymes in aspirates from the human duodenum during digestion of a standard meal in patients with intestinal disorders. Scand. J. Gastroent. 2, 81–89 (1967).
Agren, C., Lagerlöf, H., Berglund, H.: The secretin test of pancreatic function in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease. Acta med. scand. 90, 224–271 (1936).
Lagerlöf, H.: The secretin test of pancreatic function. Quart. J. Med. 8, 115–126 (1939).
Lake, M.: Diagnostic value of the secretin test. Amer. J. Med. 3, 18–30 (1947).
Hershfield, N.B., Lind, J.F., Hildes, J.A.: Clinical correlations with pancreatic function tests. Canad. med. Ass. J. 98, 185–188 (1968).
Rick, W.: Zur Pathologie der Enzymsekretion des Pankreas. Acta gastro-ent. belg. 28, 389–400 (1965).
Otte, M., Stahlheber, H., Lehnert, P., Forell, M.M., Thurmayr, G.R., Thurmayr, R.: Diagnostischer Wert der Pankreasfunktionsprüfung mit Cholecystokinin/Pankreozymin, Secretin und Galle. Klin. Wschr. 51, 921–925 (1973).
Minaire, Y., Descos, L., Daly, J.P., Bererd, M.B., Lambert, R.: The interrelationships of pancreatic enzymes in health and diseases under cholecystokinin stimulation. Digestion 9, 8–20 (1973).
Hadorn, B., Zoppi, G., Shmerling, D.H., Prader, A., McIntyre, I., Anderson, C.M.: Quantitative assessment of exocrine pancreatic function in infants and children. J. Pediat. 73, 39–50 (1968).
Zoppi, G., Shmerling, D.H., Gaburro, D., Prader, A.: The electrolyte and protein contents and outputs in duodenal juice after pancreozymin and secretin stimulation in normal children and in patients with cystic fibrosis. Acta paediat. (Uppsala) 59, 692–696 (1970).
Dreiling, D.A.: Studies in pancreatic function. V. The use of the secretin test in the diagnosis of pancreatitis and in the demonstration of pancreatic insufficiencies in gastrointestinal disorders. Gastroenterology 24, 540–555 (1953).
Dreiling, D.A., Hollander, F.: Studies in pancreatic function. II. A statistical study of pancreatic secretion following secretin in patients without pancreatic disease. Gastroenterology 15, 620–627(1950).
Forell, M.M., Stahlheber, H., Otte, M.: Lebererkrankungen und exokrine Pankreasfunktion. Pankreasfunktion. med. Wschr. 92, 1413–1416 (1967).
Friedman, M.H.F., Snape, W.J.: Dissociation of secretion of pancreatic enzymes and bicarbonate in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 15, 296–303 (1950).
George, P.K., Banks, P.A., Pai, K.N., Ramachandran, M., Thamgavelu, M., Tandon, B.N.: Exocrine pancreatic function in calcific pancreatitis in India. Gastroenterology 60, 858–863 (1971).
Perman, G., Bonera, E.: The secretin test in patients with haemochromatosis. Acta med. scand. 175, 787–790 (1964).
Dreiling, D.A.: Investigation of pancreatic function. In: The exocrine pancreas, eds. Beck, I.T., Sinclair, D.G., p. 154–163. London: J. & A. Churchill 1971.
Goebell, H., Bode, C., Lepler, U., Martini, G.A.: Funktionsuntersuchungen des exokrinen Pankreas bei Leberzirrhosen verschiedener Ätiologie, Hämochromatose und nach portokavalem Schunt. Acta hepato-gastroent. 18, 437–452 (1971).
Davenport, H.W.: Fluid produced by the gastric mucosa during damage by acetic and salicylic acids. Gastroenterology 50, 487–499 (1966).
Citrin, Y., Sterling, K., Halsted, J.A.: The mechanism of hypoproteinemia associated with giant hypertrophy of the gastric mucosa. New Engl. J. Med. 257, 906–912 (1957).
Silberberg, V.L., Hadorn, B.: Identification of pancreatic enzymes in human duodenal contents. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 167, 616–619 (1968).
Clemente, F., Ribeiro, T., Colomb, M., Figarella, C., Sarles, H.: Comparaison des protéines de sucs pancréatiques humains normaux et pathologiques. Dosage des protéines sériques et mise en evidence d’une protéine particulière dans la pancréatite chronique calcifiante. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 251, 456–466 (1971).
Zoppi, G., Hitzig, W.H., Shmerling, D.G., Plüss, H., Hadorn, B., Prader, A.: Protein content and pancreatic enzyme activities of duodenal juice in normal children and in children with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Helv. paed. Acta 23, 577–590 (1968).
Colomb, E., Estevenon, J.-P., Clemente, F., Guy, O., Figarella, C, Sarles, H.: Comparaison entre les sucs pancréatiques de sujets normaux et de sujets atteints de pancréatite chronique calcifiante: caractérisation d’une proteine particulière présente dans la pancréatite chronique calcifiante. Biol. Gastroent. 6, 83–84 (1973).
Clemente, F., Ribeiro, T., Figarella, C., Sarles, H.: Albumine, IgG et IgA dans le suc pancréatique humain normal chez l’adulte. Clin. chim. Acta 33, 317–324 (1971).
Gent, A.E., Creamer, B.: Aminoacid homeostasis in the small intestine. II. Studies in man. Digestion 7, 24–43 (1972).
Janowitz, H.D., Hollander, F.: The exocrine-endocrine partition of enzymes in the digestive tract. Gastroenterology 17, 591–592 (1951).
Fallís, L.S., Szilagyi, D.E.: Observations on some metabolic changes after total pancreaticoduodenectomy. Ann. Surg. 128, 639–667 (1948).
Nothman, M.M., Callow, A.D.: Investigations on the origin of amylase in serum and urine. Gastroenterology 60, 82–89 (1971).
Webster, P.D., Zieve, L.: Alterations in serum content of pancreatic enzymes. New Engl. J. Med. 267, 604–607 (1962).
Faudemay, F., Laporte, J.C., Trémolières, J.: Passage de la trypsine à travers la paroi intestinale de rat in vitro. Nutr. Metab. 15, 207–212 (1973).
Lagerlöf, H., Perman, G.: The effect of secretin injection on the serum amylase in man. Acta chir. scand. 111, 22–28 (1956).
Byrne, J.J., Boyd, T.F.: Hyperamylasemia in intestinal obstruction and its relationship to pancreatitis. Amer. J. Surg. 105, 720–729 (1963).
Dumont, A.E., Doubilet, H., Mulholland, J.H.: Lymphatic pathway of pancreatic secretion in man. Ann. Surg. 152, 403–409 (1960).
Pirola, R.C., Davis, A.E.: Effect of pressure on the integrity of the duct-acinar system of the pancreas. Gut 11, 69–73 (1970).
Berk, J.E.: Serum amylase and lipase. Newer perspectives. J. Amer. med. Ass. 199, 98–102 (1967).
Berk, J.E.: Pancreatic origin of normal serum amylase. Gastroenterology 60, 988–989 (1971).
Lopusniak, M.S., Bockus, H.L.: Study of pancreatic serum enzymes following secretin injection in pancreatic affections. Gastroenterology 16, 294–308 (1950).
Edmondson, H.A., Berne, C.J., Homann, R.E., Wertman, M.: Calcium, potassium, magnesium and amylase disturbances in acute pancreatitis. Amer. J. Med. 12, 34–42 (1952).
Elliott, D.W., Williams, R.D.: A re-evaluation of serum amylase determinations. Arch. Surg. 83, 130–136(1961).
Gullick, H.D.: Increased plasma proteolytic activity due to arginine amidase in patients with pancreatitis. New Engl. J. Med. 268, 851–857 (1963).
Berk, J.E., Searcy, R.L., Hayashi, S., Ujihira, L.: Distribution of serum amylase in man and animals. J. Amer. med. Ass. 192, 389–393 (1965).
Adams, J.T., Libertino, J.A., Schwartz, S.I.: Significance of an elevated serum amylase. Surgery 63, 877–884 (1968).
Adham, N.F., Dyce, B., Haverback, B.J.: Trypsin-binding alpha-2-macroglobulin in with acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 62, 365–372 (1972).
Geokas, M.C., van Lancker, J.L., Kadell, B.M., Machleder, H.I.: Acute pancreatitis. Ann. intern. Med. 76, 105–117 (1972).
Sun, D.C.H., Shay, H.: Value of combined study of serum enzymes and duodenal contents after secretin in the diagnosis of diseases of the pancreas. Gastroenterology 32, 212–231 (1957).
Burton, 225. Burton, P., Hammond, E.M., Harper, A.A., Howat, H.T., Scott, J.E., Varley, H.: Serum amylase and serum liqase levels in man after administration of secretin and pancreozymin. Gut 1, 125–139 (1960).
Sun, D.C.H., Shay, H.: Pancreozymin-secretin test. The combined study of serum enzymes and duodenal contents in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease. Gastroenterology 38, 570–581 (1960).
Myhre, J., Nesbitt, S., Hurly, J.T.: Response of serum amylase and lipase to pancreatic stimulation as a test of pancreatic function. Gastroenterology 13, 127–134 (1949).
Burke, J.O., Plummer, K., Bradford, S.: Serum amylase response to morphine, mecholyl and secretin as a test of pancreatic function. Gastroenterology 15, 699–707 (1950).
Wapshaw, H.: The pancreatic side-effects of morphine. Brit. med. J. 1953I, 373–375.
Gullick, H.D.: Relation of the magnitude of blood enzyme elevation to severity of exocrine pancreatic disease. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 18, 375–383 (1973).
Howell, C.W., Bergh, G.S.: Pancreatic duct filling during cholangiography: its effect upon serum amylase levels. Gastroenterology 16, 309–316 (1950).
Oí, I., Kobayashi, S., Kondo, T.: Per oral cannulation of the biliary tract and pancreatic duct. Endoscopy 2, 103–106 (1970).
Cotton, P.B.: Cannulation of the papilla of Vater by endoscopy and retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Gut 13, 1014–1025 (1972).
Lagerlöf, H.: Normal esterases and pancreatic lipase in the blood. Acta med. scand. 120, 407–436(1945).
Gibbs, G.E., Ivy, A.C.: Early histological changes following obstruction of pancreatic ducts in dogs: correlation with serum amylase. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 77, 251–254 (1951).
White, T.T., Elmslie, R.G., Magee, D.F.: Observations on the human intraductal pancreatic pressure. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 118, 1043–1045 (1964).
White, T.T., Bourde, J.: A new observation on human intraductal pancreatic pressure. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 130, 275–278 (1970).
Lynch, M.J.: Nephrosis and fat embolism in acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis. Arch, intern. Med. 94, 709–717(1954).
Beisel, W.R., Herndon, E.G., Myers, J.E., Stones: Acute renal failure as a complication of acute pancreatitis. Arch, intern. Med. 104, 539–543 (1959).
Balsløv, J.T., Jørgensen, H.E., Nielsen, R.: Acute renal failure complicating severe acute pancreatitis. Acta chir. scand. 124, 348–354 (1962).
Lee, H.A., Hills, E.A.: Acute pancreatitis and renal failure. Postgrad, med. J. 41, 471–476 (1965).
Lukash, W.M.: Complications of acute pancreatitis. Arch. Surg. 94, 848–852 (1967).
Vogel, R.M., Keohane, M.: Renal vascular abnormalities in acute pancreatitis. Arch, intern. Med. 119, 610–616(1967).
Rush, B., Cliffton, E.E.: The role of trypsin in the pathogenesis of acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis and the effect of an antitryptic agent in treatment. Surgery 31, 349–360 (1952).
Katz, W., Silverstein, M., Kobold, E.E., Thal, A.P.: Trypsin release, kinin production, and shock. Relationship in experimental and human pancreatitis. Arch. Surg. 89, 322–328 (1964).
Facey, F.L., Weil, M.H., Rosoff, L.: Mechanism and treatment of shock associated with acute pancreatitis. Amer. J. Surg. 111, 374–381 (1966).
Farrell, P, Fitzgerald, P., Fitzgerald, O., McGeeney, K., Geoghegan, C., Heffernan, A.: Shock in acute pancreatitis and hypovolaemia. Gut 13, 844 (1972).
Sharf, B., Bental, E.: Pancreatic encephalopathy. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 34, 357–361 (1971).
McKay, D.G., Mansell, H., Hertig, A.T.: Carcinoma of the body of the pancreas with fibrin thrombosis and fibrinogenopenia. Cancer (Philad.) 6, 862–869 (1953).
Storer, J., Kazdan, P.: The relation of the pancreas to blood coagulation. Surgery 33, 683–689 (1953).
Bachofen, H., Gil, J., Gehr, P., Weibel, E.R.: Morphometry study of normal and detergent rinsed rabbit lungs. Proc. Intern. Union Physiol. Sci. 13, 41 (1977), D.A., Blum, L., Sanders, M.: Thrombophlebitis, blood coagulation and pancreatic disease. Arch, intern. Med. 96, 490–495 (1955).
Lafler, C.J., Hinerman, D.L.: A morphologic study of pancreatic carcinoma with reference to multiple thrombi. Cancer (Philad.) 14, 944–952 (1961).
Lasher, E.P., McCábe, M.M.: Changes in coagulation time associated with experimental acute pancreatitis in dogs. Arch. Surg. 60, 164–169 (1950).
Shinowara, G.Y., Waite, J.H., Saleeby, R.G.: Plasma coagulation factors in acute pancreatitis. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 83, 423–426 (1953).
Shinowara, G.Y., Stutman, L.J., Walters, M.I., Ruth, M.E., Walker, EJ.: Hypercoagulability in acute pancreatitis. Amer. J. Surg. 105, 714–719 (1963).
Gülzow, M., Schulz, K.: Störungen der Blutgerinnung bei der akuten Pankreatitis. Z. ges. inn. Med. 20, 559–564 (1965).
Encke, A., Schimpf, K., Kommerell, B., Grözinger, K.H., Gilsdorf, H., Wanke, M., Lasch, H.G.: Veränderungen der Blutgerinnung bei der akuten experimentellen Pankreatitis des Hundes. Klin. Wschr. 44, 90–95 (1966).
Gabryelewicz, A., Niewiarcwski, S., Prokopowicz, J., Chlebowski, J.: Heparin and protease inhibitors in the prevention of experimental acute pancreatic necrosis in dogs. Digestion 2, 7–16(1969).
Hureau, J., Vairel, E.G.: Variations des facteurs du système coagulolytique au cours des pancréatites aigues hémorragiques expérimentales. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 163, 1541–1544 (1969).
Johansson, S.-A.: Intravascular coagulation and haemorrhagic pancreatic necrosis in a patient with carcinoid disease. Acta med. scand. 185, 543–544 (1969).
Kwaan, H.C., Anderson, M.C., Gramatica, L.: A study of pancreatic enzymes as a factor in the pathogenesis of disseminated intravascular coagulation during acute pancreatitis. Surgery 69, 663–672 (1971).
Greipp, P.R., Brown, J.A., Gralnick, H.R.: Defibrination in acute pancreatitis. Ann. intern. Med. 76, 73–76 (1972).
Innerfield, L., Schwarz, A., Angrist, A.: Intravenous trypsin: its anticoagulant, fibrinolytic and thrombolytic effects. J. clin. Invest. 31, 1049–1055 (1952).
Gabryelewicz, A., Prokopowicz, J., Poplawski, A., Worowski, K.: Blood platelets in acute experimental pancreatitis. Coagulation 4, 325–327 (1971).
Hardaway, R.M., McKay, D.G.: Production of acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis in dogs by means of an episode of intravascular clotting in the pancreas. Surgery 45, 557–561 (1959).
Anderson, M.C., Bergan, J.J.: Significance of vascular injury as a factor in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis. Ann. Surg. 154, 58–67 (1961).
Baer, L., Neu, H.C.: Intravascular clotting and acute pancreatitis in primary hyperparathyroidism. Ann. intern. Med. 64, 1062–1065 (1966).
Palasciano, G., Tiscornia, O.M., Hage, G., Sarles, H.: Chronic alcoholism and endogenous cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ). Biomed. 20, 94–97 (1974).
Althausen, T.L., Doig, R.K., Weiden, S., Motteram, R., Turner, C.N., Moore, A.: Hemochromatosis. Arch, intern. Med. 88, 553–570.
Dreiling, D.A., Greenstein, A.J., Bordalo, O.: The hypersecretory states of the pancreas. Amer. J. Gastroent. 59, 505–511 (1973).
Dreiling, D.A., Greenstein, A., Bordalo, O.: Newer concepts of pancreatic secretory patterns. Pancreatic secretory mass and pancreatic secretory capacity: pancreatic hypersecretion. Mt Sinai med. J. 40, 666–676 (1973).
Simon, M., Gosselin, M., Kerbaol, M., Delanoe, G., Trebaul, L., Bourel, M.: Functional study of exocrine pancreas in idiopathic haemochromatosis untreated and treated by venesections. Digestion 8, 485–496 (1973).
Dreiling, D.A., Greenstein, A.: Pancreatic function in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Amer. J. Gastroent. 58, 66–72 (1972).
Gross, J.B., Comfort, M.W., Wollaeger, E.E., Power, M.H.: External pancreatic function in primary parenchymatous hepatic disease as measured by analysis of duodenal contents before and after stimulation with secretin. Gastroenterology 16, 151–159 (1950).
Friedman, A.I., Cheng, L.K.: Pancreatic function in portal cirrhosis. Amer. J. Gastroent. 35, 492–498 (1961).
Bode, C., Zelder, O., Goebell, H., Neuberger, H.O.: Choleresis induced by secretin: distinctly increased response in cirrhotics. Scand. J. Gastroent. 7, 697–699 (1972).
Neuberger, H.O., Zelder, O., Bode, C.: Secretin and bile salt induced choleresis in patients with and without diseases of the liver and biliary tract. Gastroenterology 62, 876 (1972).
Stinson, J.C., Baggenstoss, A.H., Morlock, C.G.: Pancreatic lesions associated with cirrhosis of the liver. Amer. J. clin. Path. 22, 117–126 (1952).
Woldman, E.E., Fishman, D., Segal, A.J.: Relation of fibrosis of the pancreas to fatty liver and/or cirrhosis. J. Amer. med. Ass. 169, 1281–1283 (1959).
Blumenthal, H.T., Probstein, J.G.: A concept of cirrhosis of the pancreas. Arch. Surg. 81, 396–408 (1960).
Steigman, F., Chung, K.S.: Further observations on the reciprocity between diseases of the liver and pancreas. Amer. J. Gastroent. 38, 40–50 (1962).
Sobel, H.J., Waye, J.D.: Pancreatic changes in various types of cirrhosis in alcoholics. Gastroenterology 45, 341–344 (1963).
Butt, E.M., Nusbaum, R.E., Gilmour, T.C., Didio, S.L.: Trace metal patterns in disease states. III. Hepatic and pancreatic cirrhosis in alcoholic patients with and without storage of iron. Amer. J. clin. Path. 42, 437–450 (1964).
Weill-Bousson, M., Feisler, F., Weill, J.-P.: Le pancréas exocrine dans les cirrhoses du foie. Arch. Mal. Appar. dig. 62, 17–31 (1973).
Dreiling, D.A., Greenstein, A., Bordalo, O.: The hypersecretory states of the pancreas: implications in the pathophysiology of pancreatic inflammation and the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer diathesis. Clin. Res. 21, 49 (1973).
Dyck, W.P.: Pancreatic hypersecretion in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Gastroenterology 60, 90–95 (1971).
Mayston, P.D., Barrowman, J.A.: The influence of chronic administration of pentagastrin on the rat pancreas. Quart. J. exp. Physiol. 56, 113–122 (1971).
Mayston, P.D., Barrowman, J.A.: Influence of chronic administration of pentagastrin on the pancreas in hypophysectomized rats. Gastroenterology 64, 391–399 (1973).
Wormsley, K.G., Mahoney, M.P.: Acid and bicarbonate secretion in health and disease. Lancet 1967I, 657–658.
Banks, P.A., Dyck, W.P., Dreiling, D.A., Janowitz, H.D.: Secretory capacity of stomach and pancreas in man. Gastroenterology 53, 575–578 (1967).
Petersen, H.: Relationship between gastric and pancreatic secretion in patients with duodenal ulcer. Scand. J. Gastroent. 5, 321–326 (1970).
Petersen, H., Berstad, A., Myren, J.: Bicarbonate response to graded doses of secretin in patients with different gastric acid secretory capacity. Acta hepato-gastroent. 20, 421–427 (1973).
Greenough, W.B.: Pancreatic and hepatic hypersecretion in cholera. Lancet 1965II, 991–994.
Jacobs, W.H., Halperin, P., Mantz, F.A.: Watery diarrhea and hypokalemia due to nonbeta-islet cell hyperplasia of the pancreas. Amer. J. Gastroent. 57, 333–340 (1972).
Barbezat, G.O., Grossman, M.I.: Intestinal secretion: stimulation by peptides. Science 174, 422–424 (1971).
Elias, E., Bloom, S.R., Welbourn, R.B., Kuzio, M., Polak, J.M., Pearse, A.G.E., Booth, C.C., Brown, J.C.: Pancreatic cholera due to production of gastric inhibitory polypeptide. Lancet 1972II, 791–793.
Barbezat, G.O.: Stimulation of intestinal secretion by polypeptide hormones. Scand. J. Gastroent. 8, Suppl. 22, 1–21 (1973).
Bloom, S.R., Polak, J.M., Pearse, A.G.E.: Vasoactive intestinal peptide and watery-diarrhoea syndrome. Lancet 1973II, 14–16.
Fölsch, U.R., Wormsley, K.G.: The pancreatic secretion of enzymes in rats treated with soybean diet. Scand. J. Gastroent. 9, 679–683 (1974).
Fölsch, U.R., Winckler, K., Wormsley, K.G.: Effect of a soybean diet on enzyme content and ultrastructure of the rat exocrine pancreas. Digestion 11, 161–171 (1974).
Fölsch, U.R., Wormsley, K.G.: Unpublished observations (1973).
Wormsley, K.G.: Pancreatic function tests. Clin. Gastroent. 1, 27–51 (1972).
Pfeffer, R.B., Mixter, G., Hinton, J.W.: The effect of recurrent bouts of pancreatitis on pancreatic function. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 109, 716–720 (1959).
Gullo, L., Sarles, H., Mott, C.B.: Functional investigation of the exocrine pancreas following acute pancreatitis. Rendic. Gastroent. 4, 18–21 (1972).
Lundh, G.: Pancreatic exocrine function in neoplastic and inflammatory disease: a simple and reliable new test. Gastroenterology 42, 275–280 (1962).
White, T.T., Elmslie, R.G., Magee, D.F.: The disappearing enzymes. A study of pancreatic enzymes in normal patients and after Billroth I and II gastric resections. Amer. J. Surg. 106, 307–314(1963).
Robberecht, P., Christophe, J.: Secretion of hydrolases by perfused fragments of rat pancreas: effect of calcium. Amer. J. Physiol. 220, 911–917 (1971).
Benz, L., Eckstein, B., Matthews, E.K., Williams, J.A.: Control of pancreatic amylase release in vitro: effects of ions, cyclic AMP, and colchicine. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 46, 66–77 (1973).
Case, R.M.: Calcium and gastrointestinal secretion. Digestion 8, 269–288 (1973).
Wormsley, K.G.: Stimulation of pancreatic secretion by intraduodenal infusion of bile-salts. Lancet 1970II, 586–588.
Malagelada, J.R., Go, V.L.W., DiMagno, E.P., Summerskill, W.H.J.: Interactions between intraluminal bile acids and digestive products on pancreatic and gallbladder function. J. clin. Invest. 52, 2160–2165(1973).
Schapiro, H., Britt, L.G., Evans, S.R., Wilson, H.: Effect of infusion of hypertonic fluids into the upper intestines on pancreatic secretion. Amer. J. Surg. 113, 65–68 (1967).
Dyck, W.P.: Influence of intrajejunal glucose on pancreatic exocrine function in man. Gastroenterology 60, 864–869 (1971).
DiMagno, E.P., Go, V.L.W., Summerskill, W.H.J.: Intraluminal and postabsorptive effects of amino acids on pancreatic enzyme secretion. J. Lab. clin. Med. 82, 241–248 (1973).
Grossman, M.I.: Treatment of duodenal ulcer with secretin: a speculative proposal. Gastroenterology 50, 912–913 (1966).
Vogel, R.M., Weinstein, L.D., Herskovic, T., Spiro, H.M.: Mechanisms of steatorrhoea in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Ann. intern. Med. 67, 816–822 (1967).
Shepherd, A.M.M., Stewart, W.K., Thjodleifsson, B., Wormsley, K.G.: Further studies of gastric hypersecretion in chronic renal failure. Brit. med. J. 1974I, 96–98.
Sarles,Prezlin, G., Souville, C., Figarella, C.: Action des doses croissantes de sécrétine sur le pancréas humain. La capacité sécrétoire maximum. Rev. franç. Étud. clin. Biol. 11, 294–298(1966).
Ribet, A., Pascal, J.-P., Sannou, N.: Étude de la fonction exocrine du pancréas humain par les perfusions continues de sécrétine. IL Influence des doses croissantes sur le débit lipasique basal et sur le débit lipasique après injection de pancréozymine. Arch. Mal. Appar. dig. 56, 685–690 (1967).
Meldolesi, J.: Effect of caerulein on protein synthesis and secretion in the guinea-pig pancreas. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 40, 721–731 (1970).
Vincent, D., Bauduin, H.: Influence de la céruléine sur la sécrétion et le métabolisme du pancréas exocrine du rat “in vitro”. Biol. Gastroent. 5, 85–90 (1972).
Solcia, E., Capella, C., Chieli, T., Bellini, O., Bertazzoli: Effect of chronic caerulein overdosage on the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract. In: Gastrointestinal hormones, p. 103 – 113. ed. Demling, L. Stuttgart: Thieme 1972.
Jarett, L., Lacy, P.E.: Effect of glucagon on the acinar portion of the pancreas. Endocrinology 70, 867–873 (1962).
Zajtchuk, R., Amato, J.J., E., Baker, R.J.: Inhibition of pancreatic exocrine secretion by glucagon. Surg. Forum 18, 410–411. (1967).
Dyck, W.P., Texter, E.C., Lasater, J.M., Hightower, N.C.: Influence of glucagon on pancreatic exocrine secretion in man. Gastroenterology 58, 532–539 (1970).
Schmidt, H., Hesch, R.-D., Hüfner, M., Paschen, K., Creutzfeld, Ross, B.B., Gramiak, R., Rahn, H.: Physical dynamics of cough mechanism. J. appl. Physiol. 8, 264–268 (1955): Hemmung der exokri-nen Pankreassekretion des Menschen durch Calcitonin. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 96, 1773–1775 (1971).
Hotz, J., Minne, H, Ziegler, R.: The influence of acute hyper-and hypocalcemia and of calcitonin on exocrine pancreatic function in man. Res. exp. Med. 160, 152–165 (1973).
Hosny, A.M.: Pankreasfunktionsprüfungen. Gastroenterologia (Basel) 74, 321–340 (1949).
Pfeffer, R.B., Hinton, J.W.: Some relations between adrenal medullary and cortical substances and exocrine function of the pancreas in man. Gastroenterology 31, 746–757 (1956).
Barlow, T.E., Greenwell, J.R., Harper, A.A., Scratcherd, T.: The effect of adrenaline and noradrenaline on the blood flow, electrical conductance and external secretion of the pancreas. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 217, 665–678 (1971).
Banks, P.A., Rudick, J., Dreiling, D.A., Janowitz, H.D.: Effect of antidiuretic hormone on pancreatic exocrine secretion. Amer. J. Physiol. 215, 361–365 (1968).
Dyck, W.P.: Influence of antidiuretic hormone on pancreatic exocrine secretion in man. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 18, 33–38 (1973).
Rudick, J., Gonda, M., Dreiling, D.A., Janowitz, H.D.: Effects of prostaglandin E1 on pancreatic exocrine function. Gastroenterology 60, 272–278 (1971).
Iwatsuki, K., Furuta, Y., Hashimoto, K.: Effect of prostaglandin F2a on the secretion of pancreatic juice induced by secretin and by dopamine. Experientia (Basel) 29, 319–320 (1973).
Pirola, R.C., Davis, A.E.: Effects of ethyl alcohol on sphincteric resistance at the choledocho-duodenal junction in man. Gut 9, 557–560 (1968).
Bayer, M., Rudick, J., Lieber, C.S., Janowitz, H.D.: The inhibitory effect of ethanol on canine exocrine pancreatic secretion. Gastroenterology 63, 619–626 (1972).
Mott, C., Sarles, H., Tiscornia, O., Gullo, L.: Inhibitory action of alcohol on human exocrine pancreatic secretion. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 17, 902–910 (1972).
Marin, G.A., Ward, N.L., Fischer, R: Effect of ethanol on pancreatic and biliary secretions in humans. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 18, 825–833 (1973).
Solomon, N., Solomon, T.D., Jacobson, E.D., Shanbour, L.L.: Inhibition of pancreatic secretion and metabolism by ethanol. Gastroenterology 64, 804 (1973).
Tiscornia, O., Gullo, L., Sarles, H.: The inhibition of canine exocrine pancreatic secretion by intravenous ethanol. Digestion 9, 231–240 (1973).
Dreiling, D. A., Janowitz, H.D.: Inhibition of human pancreatic secretion by diamox (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor). Surg. Forum 5, 414–420 (1954).
Dreiling, D.A., Janowitz, H.D., Halpern, M.: The effect of a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, diamox, on human pancreatic secretion. Gastroenterology 29, 262–279 (1955).
Banks, P.A., Sum, P.T.: Mode of action of acetazolamide on pancreatic exocrine secretion. Arch. Surg. 102, 505–508 (1971).
Dyck, W.P., Hightower, N.C., Janowitz, H.D.: Effect of acetozolamide on human pancreatic secretion. Gastroenterology 62, 547–552 (1972).
Ben-Ari, G., Rudick, J., Kark, A.E., Dreiling, D.A.: Depression of pancreatic exocrine function by anesthetic agents. Physiologist 10, 123 (1967).
Dreiling, D.A., Janowitz, H.D.: Inhibitory effect of new anticholinergics on the basal and secretin-stimulated pancreatic secretion in patients with and without pancreatic disease. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 5, 639–654 (1960).
Schapiro, H., Wruble, L.D., Estes, J.W., Sherman, R., Britt, L.G.: Anticholinergic drug action on pancreatic exocrine outflow in man and dog. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 13, 608–614 (1968).
Rudick, J., Gonda, M., Rosenberg, I.R., Chapman, M.L., Dreiling, D.A., Janowitz, H.D.: Effects of a beta-adrenergic receptor stimulant (isoproterenol) on pancreatic exocrine secretion. Surgery 74, 338–343(1973).
Czyzyk, A., Szadkowski, M., Rogala, H., Lawecki, J.: Effect of phenformin on the exocrine function of the pancreas and on insulin secretion after intra duodenal infusion of HCl and intravenous injection of secretin. Diabetes 22, 932–937 (1973).
Kramer, M.F., Poort, C.: Influence of anaesthetic drugs on amino acid incorporation in the rat pancreas. Biochem. Pharmacol. 21, 441–447 (1972).
Tucker, P.C., Webster, P.D.: Effects of tetracycline on pancreatic protein synthesis and secretion in pigeons. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 17, 675–682 (1972).
Singh, M., Black, O., Webster, P.D.: Effects of selected drugs on pancreatic macromolecular transport. Gastroenterology 64, 983–991 (1973).
Wang, C.C., Wang, K.J., Grossman, M.I.: Effects of ligation of the pancreatic duct upon the action of secretin and pancreozymin in rabbits with a correlated histological study. Amer. J. Physiol. 160, 115–121(1950).
White, T.T., Magee, D.F.: Recovery of pancreatic exocrine function after controlled duct obstruction. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 114, 463–466 (1962).
Tiscornia, O.M., Dreiling, D.A.: Recovery of pancreatic exocrine secretory capacity following prolonged ductal obstruction. Ann. Surg. 164, 267–270 (1966).
Haunz, E.A., Baggenstoss, A.H.: Carcinoma of the head of the pancreas. The effects of obstruction on the ductal and acinar systems. Arch. Path. 49, 367–392 (1950).
Edlund, Y., Ekholm, R., Zelander, T.: The effect of intraductal pressure increase on the ultrastructure of pancreas. Acta chir. scand. 125, 529–530 (1963).
Sarles, H., Pastor, J., Pauli, A.M., Barthelemy, M.: Determination of pancreatic function. Gastroenterologia (Basel) 99, 279–300 (1963).
DuVal, M.K.: The effect of chronic pancreatitis on pressure tolerance in the human pancreatic duct. Surgery 43, 798–801 (1958).
Janowitz, H.D., Dreiling, D.A.: Is there pancreatic ductal obstruction in chronic pancreatitis? An analysis of the functional transsphincteric pancreatic and biliary flow in patients with and without pancreatic disease. Gastroenterology 36, 12–16 (1959).
Hartley, R.C., Gambill, E.E., Engstrom, G.W., Summerskill, W.H.J.: Pancreatic exocrine function. Comparison of responses to augmented secretin stimulus, augmented pancreozymin stimulus, and test meal in health and disease. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 11, 27–39 (1966).
Anrep, G.V.: The influence of the vagus on pancreatic secretion. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 50, 421–433 (1916).
Korovitsky, L.K.: The part played by the ducts in the pancreatic secretion. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 57, 215–223(1923).
White, T.T., Lenninger, S.G., Elmslie, R.G., Magee, D.F.: Effect of truncal and selective vagotomy on duodenal aspirates in man. Ann. Surg. 164, 257–266 (1966).
Konturek, S.J., Popiela, T., Thor, P.: Effect of vagotomy and pyloroplasty on pancreatic dose-response curves to secretin in man. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 16, 1087–1090 (1971).
Malagelada, JR, Go, V.L.W., Gamble, W.S., Summerskill, W.H.J.: Pancreatic and gallbladder responses to cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ) are altered by vagotomy or cholecystectomy. Gastroenterology 62, 780 (1972).
Wormsley K.G.: The effect of vagotomy on the human pancreatic response to direct and indirect stimulation. Scand. J. Gastroent. 7, 85–91 (1972).
Smith, R.B., Edwards, J.P., Johnston, D.: Pancreatic enzyme output in response to vagal stimulation after truncal, selective and highly selective vagotomy in man. Europ. Surg. Res. 5, Suppl. 2, 45–46 (1973).
Malagelada, J.R., Go, V.L.W., Summerskill, W.H.J.: Altered pancreatic and biliary function after vagotomy and pyloroplasty. Gastroenterology 66, 22–27 (1974).
Pfeffer, R.B., Hinton, J.W.: Pancreatic function studies before and after thoracolumbar sympathectomy and splanchinicectomy for chronic relapsing pancreatitis. Surgery 40, 311–319 (1956).
Babkin, B.P.: The influence of the blood supply on pancreatic secretion. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 59, 153–163 (1924).
Richins, C.A.: Effect of sympathetic nerve stimulation on blood flow and secretion in the pancreas of the cat. Amer. J. Physiol. 173, 467–470 (1953).
Barlow, T.E., Greenwell, J.R., Harper, A.A., Scratcherd, T.: The influence of the splanchnic nerves on the external secretion, blood flow and electrical conductance of the cat pancreas. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 236, 421–433 (1974).
Forell, M.M., Stahlheber, H.: Gallefluß und Pankreassekretion. Klin. Wschr. 44, 1184–1189 (1966).
Bennet, J., Chérigié, E., Caroli, J., Doyon, D., Economopoulos, P., Plessier, J., Stoopen, M.: La pancréatographie après stimulation par la sécrétine intra-artérielle. Ann. Radiol. 10, 617–625(1967).
Eichelter, P., Schenk, W.G.: Hemodynamics of pancreatic secretion. Arch. Surg. 93, 200–206 (1966).
Goodhead, B., Himal, H.S., Zanbilowicz, J.: Relationship between pancreatic secretion and pancreatic blood flow. Gut 11, 62–68 (1970).
Augier, D., Boucard, J.P., Pascal, J.P., Ribet, A., Vaysse, N.: Relationships between blood flow and secretion in the isolated perfused canine pancreas. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 221, 55–69 (1972).
Pascal, J.P., Vaysse, N.: Role dela vaso-motricité dans la régulation de la sécrétion pancréatique exocrine. Biol. Gastroent. 6, 93–96 (1973).
Lenninger, S.: Effects of acetylcholine and papaverine on the secretion and blood flow from the pancreas of the cat. Acta physiol. scand. 89, 260–268 (1973).
Tankel, H.I., Hollander, F.: The relation between pancreatic secretion and local blood flow: a review. Gastroenterology 32, 633–641 (1957).
Kuznetsova, E.K.: Characteristics of blood supply of the pancreas during different phases of its activity. Fed. Proc. 22, T99—T104 (1963).
Pascal, J.P., Vaysse, N., Ader, F., Lacroix, A., Ribet, A.: The mechanism of functional vasodilation in the pancreas. Digestion 9, 90 (1973).
Vaysse, N., Martinel, C., Lacroix, A., Pascal, J.P., Ribet, A.: Effet de la cholécystokinine-pancréozymine GIH sur la vasomoticité du pancréas isolé du chien. Relations entre l’effet vaso-moteur et al réponse sécrétoire. Biol. Gastroent. 6, 33–40 (1973).
Aune, S., Semb, L.S.: The effect of secretin and pancreozymin on pancreatic blood flow in the conscious and anesthetized dog. Acta physiol. scand. 76, 406–414 (1969).
Papp, M., Makara, G.B., Hajtman, B., Csaki, L.: A quantitative study of pancreatic blood flow in experimental pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 51, 524–528 (1966).
Mallet-Guy, P., Papp, M., Switalska, C., Ungvary, G., Varga, B.: Les modifications précoces du débit sanguin dans les pancréatites aigues expérimentales. Lyon chir. 67, 21–23 (1971).
Anderson, M.C., Schiller, W.R.: Microcirculatory dynamics in the normal and inflamed pancreas. Amer. J. Surg. 115, 118–127 (1968).
Goodhead, B.: Vascular factors in the pathogenesis of acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis. Ann. roy. Coll. Surg. Engl. 45, 80–97 (1969).
Dreiling, D.A., Elsbach, P., Schaffner, F., Schwartz, I.L.: The effect of restriction of protein and total calories on pancreatic function in obese patients. Gastroenterology 42, 636–690 (1962).
Thompson, M.D., Trowell, H.C.: Pancreatic enzyme activity in duodenal contents of children with a type of Kwashiorkor. Lancet 1952I, 1031–1035.
Barbezat, G.O., Hansen, J.D.L.: The exocrine pancreas and protein-calorie malnutrition. Pediatrics 42, 77–92(1968).
Tandon, B.N., George, P.K., Sama, S.K., Ramachandran, K., Gandhi, P.C.: Exocrine pancreatic function in protein-caloric malnutrition disease of adults. Amer. J. clin. Nutr. 22, 1476–1482 (1969).
Jarotzky, A.J.: Über die Veränderung in der Größe und im Bau der Pankreaszellen bei einigen Arten der Inanition. Virchows Arch. Path. Anat. 156, 409–450 (1899).
Davies, J.N.P.: The essential pathology of Kwashiorkor. Lancet 1948I, 317–320.
Véghelyi, P.V., Kemény, T.T., Pozsonyi, J., Sós, J.: Dietary lesions of the pancreas. Amer. J. Dis. Child. 79, 658–665 (1950).
Shaper, A.G.: Chronic pancreatic disease and protein malnutrition. Lancet 1960I, 1223–1224.
Blackburn, W.R., Vinijchaikul, K.: The pancreas in Kwashiorkor. Lab. Invest. 20, 305–318 (1969).
Tandon, B.N., Banks, P.A., George, P.K., Sama, S.K., Ramachandran, K., Gandhi, P.C.: Recovery of exocrine pancreatic function in adult protein-calorie malnutrition. Gastroenterology 58, 358–362(1970).
Owens, J.L., Howard, J.M.: Pancreatic calcification: a late sequel in the natural history of chronic alcoholism and alcoholic pancreatitis. Ann. Surg. 147, 326–338 (1958).
Zuidema, P.J.: Cirrhosis and disseminated calcification of the pancreas in patients with malnutrition. Trop, geogr. Med. 11, 70–74 (1959).
Shaper, A.G.: Aetiology of chronic pancreatic fibrosis with calcification seen in Uganda. Brit. med. J. 1964I, 1607–1609
Pitchumoni, C.S.: Pancreas in primary malnutrition disorders. Amer. J. clin. Nutr. 26, 374–379 (1973).
Jackson, W.P.U., Linder, G.C.: The influence of malnutrition on the pancreas. Report of a case following small gut resection. Metabolism 2, 562–567 (1953).
Pitchumoni, C.S., Thomas, E.: Chronic cassava toxicity: possible relationship to chronic pancreatic disease in malnourished populations. Lancet 1973II, 1397–1398.
Dreiling, D.A.: The pancreatic secretion in the malabsorption syndrome and related malnutrition states. J. Mt Sinai Hosp. 24, 243–250 (1957).
Wormsley, K.G.: Pancreatic exocrine function in patients with gastric ulceration before and after gastrectomy. Lancet 1972II, 682–684.
Wachstein, M., Meisel, E.: Relation of dietary protein levels of pancreatic damage in the rat. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 85, 314–317 (1954).
McPhedran, N.T., Lucas, C.C.: Dietary factors leading to pancreatic damage. Surg. Forum 11, 369–371 (1960).
Lemire, S., Iber, F.L.: Protein malnutrition and pancreatic secretion. Clin. Res. 13, 537 (1965).
Grossman, M.I., Greengard, H., Ivy, A.C.: The effect of dietary composition on pancreatic enzymes. Amer. J. Physiol. 138, 676–682 (1942).
Magee, D.F., Anderson, E.G.: Changes in pancreatic enzymes brought about by alterations in the nature of the dietary protein. Amer. J. Physiol. 181, 79–82 (1955).
Hong, S.S., Magee, D.F.: Influence of dietary aminoacids on pancreatic enzymes. Amer. J. Physiol. 191, 71–74(1957).
Magee, D.F., White, T.T.: Effect of alternation in dietary protein levels on pancreatic enzymes in rats. Amer. J. Physiol. 193, 21–24 (1958).
Howard, F., Yudkin, J.: Effect of dietary change upon the amylase and trypsin activities of the rat pancreas. Brit. J. Nutr. 17, 281–294 (1963).
Ben Abdeljlil, A., Desnuelle, P.: Sur l’adaptation des enzymes exocrines du pancréas à la composition du régime. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 81, 136–149 (1964).
Vandermeers, A., Khayat, M.H., Rathé, J., Christophe, J.: Vies moyennes de cinq hydrolases dans le pancréas du rat normal ou en malnutrition protidique. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 158, 448–455 (1968).
Snook, J.T.: Dietary regulation of pancreatic enzymes in the rat with emphasis on carbohydrate. Amer. J. Physiol. 221, 1383–1387 (1971).
Klotz, A.P., Murdock, A.L., Svoboda, D.J.: The effect of protein deprivation on pancreatic function in young animals and on animals in utero. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 17, 399–406 (1972).
Behrman, H.R., Kare, M.R.: Adaptation of canine pancreatic enzymes to diet composition. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 205, 667–676 (1969).
Corring, T., Aumaitre, A., Rérat, A.: Sécrétion pancreatique sur porc fistule. Application: influence du repas. Ann. Biol. An. 11, 319–325 (1971).
Magee, D.F., Hong, S.S.: Daily output of pancreatic juice and some dietary factors which influence it. Amer. J. Physiol. 197, 27–30 (1959).
Christophe, J., Camus, J., Deschodt-Lanckman, M., Rathe, J., Robberecht, P., Vander-meers-Piret, M.C., Vandermeers, A.: Factors regulating biosynthesis, intracellular transport and secretion of amylase and lipase in the rat exocrine pancreas. Horm. Metab. Res. 3, 393–403 (1971).
Gidez, L.I.: Effect of dietary fat on pancreatic lipase levels in the rat. J. Lipid Res. 14, 169–177 (1973).
Marchis-Mouren, G., Pasero, L., Desnuelle, P.: Further studies on amylase biosynthesis by pancreas of rats fed on a starch-rich or a casein-rich diet. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 13, 262–266 (1963).
Deschodt-Lanckman, M., Robberecht, P., Camus, J., Baya, C., Chrostophe, J.: Hormonal and dietary adaptation of rat pancreatic hydrolases before and after weaning. Amer. J. Physiol. 226, 39–44(1974).
Wohlgemuth, J.: Untersuchungen über das Pankreas des Menschen. IL Einfluß der Zusammensetzung der Nahrung auf die Saftmenge und die Fermentkoncentration. Berl. klin. Wschr. 44, 47–51 (1907).
Michelsohn, V.: Über die Grenzen des sogenannten „Anpassungsvermögens“des Pankreas. Arch. Verdau.-Kr. 51, 73–83 (1932).
Abramson, L.: The effect of different forms of diet on the external secretion of the pancreas. Acta med. scand. 86, 478–485 (1935).
Lurie, B., Novis, B.H., Brom, B., Bank, S., Marks, I.N.: Pancreatic exocrine responses to test meals of varying compositions in man. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 18, 847–850 (1973).
Sarles, H., Muratore, R., Sarles, J.-C., Gaini, M., Camatte, R., Pastor, J., Guien, C.: Aetiology and pathology of chronic pancreatitis. In: Pancreatitis, ed. Sarles, H., p. 75–120. Basel: Karger 1965.
Lindsay, S., Entenman, C., Chaikoff, I.L.: Pancreatitis accompanying hepatic disease in dogs fed a high fat, low protein diet. Arch. Path. 45, 635–638 (1948).
Haig, T.H.B.: Experimental pancreatitis intensified by a high fat diet. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 131, 914–918 (1970).
Haig, T.H.B.: Nutritional alteration of pancreatic acinar cell stability. Ann Surg. 172, 852–860 (1970).
Orrego-Matte, H., Navia, A, Feres, A., Costa Maillere, L.: Ethanol ingestion and incorporation of 32P into phospholipids of pancreas in the rat. Gastroenterology 56, 280–285 (1969).
Sardesai, VM, Orten, JM: The effect of prolonged alcohol consumption in rats on pancreatic protein synthesis. J. Nutr. 96, 241–246 (1968).
Darle, N., Ekholm, R., Edlund, Y.: Ultrastructure of the rat exocrine pancreas after long term intake of ethanol. Gastroenterology 58, 62–72 (1970).
Tasso, F., Clop, J., Sarles, H.: The interaction of ethanol, dietary lipids and proteins on the rat pancreas. II Ultrastructural study. Digestion 4, 23–34 (1971).
Sarles, H., Tiscornia, O., Palasciano, G., Brasca, A., Hage, G., Devaux, M.A., Gullo, L.: Effects of chronic intragastric ethanol administration on canine exocrine pancreatic secretion. Scand. J. Gastroent. 8, 85–96 (1973).
Sarles, H., Figarella, C., Clemente, F.: The interaction of ethanol, dietary lipids and proteins on the rat pancreas. I. Pancreatic enzymes. Digestion 4, 13–22 (1971).
Sarles, H., Lebreuil, G., Tasso, F., Figarella, C., Clemente, F., Devaux, M.A., Fagonde, B., Payan, H.: A comparison of alcoholic pancreatitis in rat and man. Gut 12, 377–388 (1971).
Mezey, E., Jow, E., Slavin, R.E., Tobon, F.: Pancreatic function and intestinal absorption in chronic alcoholism. Gastroenterology 59, 657–664 (1970).
Roggin, G.M., Iber, F.L., Linscheer, W.G.: Intraluminal fat digestion in the chronic alcoholic. Gut 13, 107–111(1972).
Goebell, H., Steffen, C., Baltzer, G., Bode, C.: Stimulation of pancreatic secretion of enzymes by acute hyerpcalcaemia in man. Europ. J. clin. Invest. 3, 98–104 (1973).
Case, R.M.: Cellular mechanisms controlling pancreatic exocrine secretion. Acta hepato-gas-troent. 20, 435–444 (1973).
Fink, W.J., Finfrock, J.D.: Fatal hyperparathyroid crisis associated with pancreatitis. Amer. Surg. 27, 424–430(1961).
Leeson, P.M., Fourman, P.: Acute pancreatitis from vitamin-D poisoning in a patient with parathyroid deficiency. Lancet 1966I, 1185–1186.
Manson, R.R.: Acute pancreatitis secondary to iatrogenic hypercalcaemia. Arch. Surg. 108, 213–215(1974).
Hochgelerent, EX., David, D.S.: Acute pancreatitis secondary to calcium infusion in a dialysis patient. Arch. Surg. 108, 218–219 (1974).
Mixter, C.G., Keynes, M., Cope, O.: Further experience with pancreatitis as a diagnostic clue to hyperparathyroidism. New Engl. J. Med. 266, 265–272 (1962).
Warshaw, A.L., Heizer, W.D., Laster, F.: Pancreatic insufficiency as the presenting feature of hyperparathyroidism. Ann. intern. Med. 68, 161–167 (1968).
Case, R.M., Clausen, T.: Calcium ions and the release of enzymes from rat pancreas in response to gastrointestinal hormones. Acta endocr. (Kbh.), Suppl. 155, 203 (1971).
Kaynan, A., Ben-Ari, G.Y., Dreiling, D.A.: The effect of thyroidectomy on pancreatic exocrine secretion. Amer. J. Gastroent. 59, 336–339 (1973).
Maclean, D., Murison, J., Griffiths, P.D.: Acute pancreatitis and diabetic ketoacidosis in accidental hypothermia and hypothermic myxoedema. Brit. med. J. 1973IV, 757–761.
Tiscornia, O.M., Dreiling, D.A.: The effect of hypophysectomy on canine pancreatic function. Surgery 60, 883–890(1966).
Dreiling, D.A., Janowitz, H.D., Rolbin, H.: Effect of ACTH and adrenocortical steroids on external pancreatic secretion in man. New Engl. J. Med. 258, 603–605 (1958).
Glueck, C.J., Scheel, D., Fishback, J., Steiner, P.: Estrogen-induced pancreatitis in patients with previously covert familial type V hyperlipoproteinemia. Metabolism 21, 657–666 (1972).
Bank, S., Marks, I.N.: Hyperlipaemic pancreatitis and the Pill. Postgrad, med. J. 46, 576–588 (1960).
Davidoff, F., Tishler, S., Rosoff, G.: Marked hyperlipidemia and pancreatitis associated with oral contraceptive therapy. New Engl. J. Med. 289, 552–555 (1973).
Okada, S., Kuramochi, K., Tsukahara, T., Ooinoue, T.: Pancreatic function. IV. The humoro-neural regulation of the gastric, pancreatic and biliary secretions. Arch, intern. Med. 43, 446–471 (1929).
Nakajima, S., Magee, D.F.: Inhibition of exocrine pancreatic secretion by glucagon and D-glucose given intravenously. Canad. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 48, 299–305 (1970).
Rothman, S.S., Wells, H.: Enhancement of pancreatic enzyme synthesis by pancreozymin. Amer. J. Physiol. 213, 215–218 (1967).
Mainz, D.L., Black, O., Webster, P.D.: Hormonal influences on pancreatic growth. Gastroenterology 64, 766 (1973).
Mainz, D.L., Black, O., Webster, P.D.: Hormonal control of pancreatic growth. J. clin. Invest. 52, 2300–2304 (1973).
Barrowman, J.A., Mayston, P.D.: The trophic influence of cholecystokinin on the rat pancreas. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 238, 73–75P (1974).
Hindle, W., Creamer, B.: Significance of a flat small intestinal mucose. Brit. med. J. 1965II, 455–458.
Pink, I.J., Creamer, B.: Response to a gluten-free diet of patients with the coeliac syndrome. Lancet 1967I, 300–304.
DiMagno, E.P., Go, V.L.W., Summerskill, W.R.J.: Pancreozymin secretion is impaired in sprue. Gastroenterology 56, 1149 (1969).
Low-Beer, T.S., Heaton, S., Heaton, K.W., Read, A.E.: Gallbladder inertia and sluggish enterohepatic circulation of bile-salts in coeliac disease. Lancet 1971I, 991–994.
Wang, C.C., Grossman, M.I.: Physiological determination of release of secretin and pancreozymin from intestine of dogs with transplanted pancreas. Amer. J. Physiol. 164, 527–545 (1951).
Barbezat, G.O., Grossman, M.I.: Cholecystokinin released by duodenal acification. Gastroenterology 60, 761 (1971).
Berry, H., Flower, R.J.: The assay of endogenous cholecystokinin and factors influencing its release in the dog and cat. Gastroenterology 60, 409–420 (1971).
Meyer, J.H., Grossman, M.I.: Release of secretin and cholecystokinin. In: Gastrointestinal hormones, ed. Demling, L., p. 43–55. Stuttgart: Thieme 1972.
Grossman, Mi., Konturek, S.J.: Gastric acid does drive pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. Scand. J. Gastroent. 9, 299–302 (1974).
McClure, C.W., Jones, C.M.: Studies in pancreatic function. The enzyme concentration of duodenal contents in pathological conditions involving the pancreas, liver and stomach. Boston med. Surg. J. 187, 909–923 (1922).
Lundh, G., Borgström, B.: Normal and abnormal digestive function. In: Ciba Foundation symposium on the Exocrine Pancreas, ed. Reuck, A.V.S. de, Cameron, M.P., p. 259–273. London: Churchill 1962.
Worning, H., Müllertz, S.: pH and pancreatic enzymes in the human duodenum during digestion of a standard meal. Scand. J. Gastroent. 1, 268–283 (1966).
Deloch, E.: Zur Funktionsprüfung der äußeren Pankreassekretion durch Untersuchung des Duodenalsaftes. Arch. Verdau.-Kr. 30, 27–41 (1922).
Okada, S., Imazu, T., Kuramochi, K., Matsubara, M., Tsukahara, T.: Pancreatic function. III. The pancreatic secretion in disturbed gastric secretion. Arch, intern. Med. 43, 413–419 (1929).
Landau, A., Glass, J.: Achylia gastro-pancreatica. Arch. Verdau.-Kr. 46, 192–207 (1929).
Mourao, M.M., Schindler, R.: Pancreatic lithiasis and gastritis (cases with gastroscopic observations). Ann. intern. Med. 31, 83–95 (1949).
Bank, S., Marks, I.N., Groll, A.: Gastric acid secretion in pancreatic disease. Gastroenterology 51, 649–655 (1966).
Ertan, A., Brooks, F.P., Ostrow, J.D., Arvan, D., Williams, C.N., Cerda, JJ: Release of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK) and secretin from the proximal jejunum and the effect of topical anesthetic in man. Gastroenterology 60, 773 (1971).
Signer, R.D., Seifter, E., Ragins, H.: Topical anesthetic in the jejunum permits aminoacid absorption without associated stimulation of pancreatic secretion. Gastroenterology 64, 802 (1973).
Herskovic, T.: The exocrine pancreas in intestinal malabsorption syndromes. Amer. J. clin. Nutr. 21, 520–522 (1968).
Fernanez, L.B., Paula, A. de, Prizont, R., Tiscornia, O.M., Braguinsky, J., Carreras, A., Hojman, D.: Exocrine pancreas insufficiency secondary to gluten enteropathy. Amer. J. Gastroent. 53, 564–569 (1970).
Novis, B.H., Bank, S., Marks, I.N.: Exocrine pancreatic function in intestinal malabsorption and small bowel disease. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 17, 489–494 (1972).
Adlersberg, D., Schein, J.: Clinical and pathological studies in sprue. J. Amer. med. Ass. 134, 1459–1467 (1947).
Himes, H.W., Adlersberg, D.: Pathologic studies in idiopathic sprue. In: The malabsorption syndrome, ed. Adlersberg, D., p. 77–98. New York: Grune & Stratton 1957.
Philipsborn, H.F., Lawrence, G., Gibson, S., Greengard, H.: An analysis of the duodenal drainage in the steatorrhoeas. J. Pediat. 26, 107–119 (1945).
Comfort, M.W., Dornberger, G.R., Wollaeger, E.E., Power, M.H.: External pancreatic secretion as measured by the secretin test in patients with idiopathic steatorrhoea (nontropical sprue). Gastroenterology 13, 135–140 (1949).
DiMagno, E.P., Go, V.L.W., Summerskill, W.R.J.: Duodenal absorption of essential amino acids (EAA) in health and nontropical sprue (NTS). Gastroenterology 64, 717 (1973).
Rambaud, J.C., Modigliani, R., Bernier, J.J.: The method of intraluminal perfusion of the human small intestine. III. Absorption studies in disease. Digestion 9, 343–356 (1973).
Polak, J.M., Pearse, A.G.E., Noorden, S. van, Bloom, S.R., Rossiter, M.A.: Secretin cells in coeliac disease. Gut 14, 870–874 (1973).
Lagerlöf, H.O., Rudewald, M.-B., Perman, G.: The neutralization process in duodenum and its influence on the gastric emptying in man. Acta med. scand. 168, 269–284 (1960).
Worning, H., Müllertz, S., Thaysen, E.H., Bang, H.O.: pH and concentration of pancreatic enzymes in aspirates from the human duodenum during digestion of a standard meal. In patients with duodenal ulcer and in patients subjected to different gastric resections. Scand. J. Gastroent. 2, 23–38(1967).
Kiekens, R., Lundh, G.: Intestinal digestion and absorption after Billroth II gastrectomy. Acta chir. scand. 113, 349–356 (1957).
Moberg, S., Carlberger, G., Bárány, F.: Digestion and absorption in the duodenum in relation to gastric emptying in patients with peptic ulcer before and after partial gastrectomy and selective proximal vagotomy. Scand. J. Gastroent. 9, 23–28 (1974).
Butler, T.J.: A study of the pancreatic response to food after gastrectomy in man. Gut 1, 55–61 (1960).
Wagner, E.: Exocrine pancreatic function before and after Billroth II gastrectomy. Germ, med. Mth. 12, 527–532 (1967).
Ferris, D.O., Lynn, T.E., Cain, J.C., Baggenstoss, A.H.: Fatal postoperative pancreatitis. Ann. Surg. 146, 263–273 (1957).
Abasov, I.T.: Pancreatitis following operations on the stomach. Arch. Surg. 96, 909–914 (1968).
Peterson, L.M., Collins, J.J., Wilson, R.E.: Acute pancreatitis occurring after operation. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 127, 23–28 (1968).
White, T.T., Murat, J., Morgan, A.: Pancreatitis. I. Review of 733 cases of pancreatitis from three Seattle hospitals. Northw. Med. (Seattle) 67, 374–377 (1968).
MacGregor, I.L., Parent, J.A., Meyer, J.H.: Pancreatic and biliary secretion and gastric emptying after subtotal gastrectomy with Billroth I gastroenterostomy. (STG-BI). Gastroenterology. 66, 855 (1974).
Everson, T.C.: Nutrition following total gastrectomy, with particular reference to fat and protein assimilation. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 95, 209–230 (1952).
Johnson, J.H., Horsewell, R.R., Tyor, M.P., Owen, E.E., Ruffin, J.M.: Effect of intestinal hormones on I13-triolein absorption in subtotal gastrectomy patients and intubated normal persons. Gastroenterology 41, 215–219 (1961).
Gamble, W.S.: Impaired pancreozymin secretion after vagotomy and pyloroplasty. J. Lab. clin. Med. 76, 870–871 (1970).
Forell, M.M., Stahlheber, H., Scholz, F.: Galle als Reiz der Enzymsekretion des Pankreas. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 90, 1128–1132 (1965).
Forell, M.M., Otte, M., Kohl, H.J., Lehnert, P., Stahlheber, H.P.: The influence of bile and pure bile salts on pancreatic secretion in man. Scand. J. Gastroent. 6, 261–266 (1971).
Mott, C.B., Sarles, H., Gullo, L., Tiscornia, O.: Açǎo estimulante dos sais biliares sobre seçreção exócrine pancreática no homem. Arch. Gastroent. 9, 179–182 (1972).
Otte, M., Stahlheber, H., Zoelch, M., Forell, M.M., Thurmayr, G.R., Thurmayr, R.: Pankreassekretion des Menschen nach Stimulation mit Cholecystokinin/Pankreozymin, Sekretin und Galle. Methodik und Normalwerte. Klin. Wschr. 51, 915–920 (1973).
Konturek, S.J., Thor, P.: Effect of diversion and replacement of bile on pancreatic secretion. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 18, 971–977 (1973).
Malagelada, J.R., Go, V.L.W., DiMagno, E.P., Summerskill, W.R.J.: Pancreatic and biliary secretion are regulated by rate of fatty acid absorption. Gastroenterology 64, 767 (1973).
Shimoda, S.S., Saunders, D.R., Rubin, C.E.: The Zollinger-Ellison syndrome with steatorrhea. II. The mechanisms of fat and vitamin B12 malabsorption. Gastroenterology 55, 705–723 (1968).
Go, V.L.W., Poley, J.R., Hofmann, A.F., Summerskill, W.H.J.: Disturbances in fat digestion induced by acidic jejunal pH due to gastric hypersecretion in man. Gastroenterology 58, 638–646 (1970).
Tarlow, M.J., Hadorn, B., Arthurton, M.W., Lloyd, J.K.: Intestinal enterokinase deficiency. A newly recognised disorder of protein digestion. Arch. Dis. Childh. 45, 651–655 (1970).
Polonovski, C., Laplane, R., Alison, F., Navarro, J.: Pseudo-deficit en trypsinogene par deficit congenital en enterokinase. Étude clinique. Arch, franç. Pédiat. 27, 677–688 (1970).
Hadorn, B., Bier, H., Polonovski, C.: Pseudo-deficit en trypsinogene par deficit congenital en enterokinase. Étude enzymatique. Arch, franç. Pédiat. 27, 689–702 (1970).
Haworth, J.C., Gourlaey, B., Hadorn, B., Sumida, C.: Malabsorption and growth failure due to intestinal enterokinase deficiency. J. Pediat. 78, 481–490 (1971).
Rutgeerts, L., Tytgat, G., Eggermont, E.: Human enterokinase. T. Gastro-ent. 15, 379–384 (1972).
Niessen, K.H., Schmidt, K., Brügmann, G.: Sekundärer Enterokinase-Mangel der Duo-denalschleimhaut bei partieller und totaler Zottenatrophie. Mschr. Kinderheilk. 121, 49–53 (1973).
Nordström, C., Dahlqvist, A.: The cellular localisation of enterokinase. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 198, 621–622 (1970).
Hadorn, B., Steiner, N., Sumida, Peters, T.J.: Intestinal enterokinase. Mechanisms of its “secretion” into the lumen of the small intestine. Lancet 1971I, 165–166.
Nordström, C., Dahlqvist, A.: Intestinal enterokinase. Lancet 1971 II, 1185–1186.
Haworth, C.L., Ling, V., Deschênes, N., Jéquier, J.-C.: Enterokinase activity: influence of biliary stasis and bile and pancreatic secretions. Clin. Res. 11, 1035 (1973).
Goldberg, D.M., Campbell, R., Roy, A.D.: The interaction of trypsin and chymotrypsin with intestinal cells in man and several animal species. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 38B, 697–706 (1971).
Goldberg, D.M., Campbell, R., Roy, A.D.: An investigation of the role of intraluminal proteolytic enzymes and intracellular enzyme inhibitors in ulcerative colitis. Brit. J. exp. Path. 53, 359–373(1972).
Hochstrasser, K., Bickel, G., Reichert, R., Feuth, H., Meckl, D.: Nachweis von Proteaseninhibitoren im Intestinaltrakt von Mensch und Hund. Z. klin. Chem. 10, 450–452 (1972).
Wohlman, A., Kabacoff, B.L., Avakian, S.: Comparative stability of trypsin and chymotrypsin in human intestinal juice. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 109, 26–28 (1962).
Imondi, A.R., Ferguson, J.L., Wohlgemuth, R.L.: Inhibition of human chymotrypsin by dried egg white. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 18, 1051–1054 (1973).
Haverback, B.J., Dyce, B.J., Gutentag, P.J., Montgomery, D.W.: Measurement of trypsin and chymotrypsin in stool. A diagnostic test for pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. Gastroenterology 44, 588–597 (1963).
Dyck, W., Ammann, R.: Quantitative determination of fecal chymotrypsin as a screening test for pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 10, 530–544 (1965).
Wilding, P., Banwell, J.G., Cooke, W.T.: Fecal enzyme assay as an aid to the diagnosis of pancreatic insufficiency. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 11, 722–727 (1966).
Ammann, R.W., Tagwercher, E., Kashiwagi, H., Rosenmund, H.: Diagnostic value of fecal chymotrypsin and trypsin assessment for detection of pancreatic disease. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 13, 123–146 (1968).
Smith, J.S., Ediss, I., Mullinger, M.A., Bogoch, A.: Fecal chymotrypsin and trypsin determination. Canad. med. Ass. J. 104, 691–697 (1971).
Goldberg, D.M., Campbell, R., Roy, A.D.: Binding of trypsin and chymotrypsin by human intestinal mucosa. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 167, 613–615 (1968).
Baldridge, E.T., Haverback, B.J.: Unusual malabsorption syndrome (intestinal degradation of pancreatic proteolytic enzymes). Clin. Res. 11, 78 (1963).
Elrick, H., Stimmler, L., Hlad, C.J., Arai, Y.: Plasma insulin response to oral and intravenous glucose administration. J. clin. Endocr. 24, 1076–1082 (1964).
Raptis, S., Dollinger, H.C., Schröder, K.E., Schleyer, M., Rothenbuchner, G., Pfeiffer, E.F.: Differences in insulin, growth hormone and pancreatic enzyme secretion after intravenous and intraduodenal administration of mixed amino acids in man. New Engl. J. Med. 288, 1199 – 1202 (1973).
Clodi, H.P., Pfeiffer, E.F.: Mechanism of glucose intolerance in cystic fibrosis. New Engl. J. Med. 282, 455–456 (1970).
Deckert, T., Kølendorf, K., Persson, I., Worning, H.: Insulin secretion after tolbutamide and after secretin in patients with pancreatic diseases. Acta med. scand. 192, 465–470 (1972).
Creutzfeld, W., Feurle, G., Ketterer, H.: Effect of gastrointestinal hormones on insulin and glucagon secretion. New Engl. J. Med. 282, 1139–1141 (1970).
Kahil, M.E., McIlhaney, G.R., Jordan, P.H.: Effect of enteric hormones on insulin secretion. Metabolism 19, 50–57 (1970).
Bank, S.: Pancreatic endocrine-exocrine relationships in health and disease. Scand. J. Gastroent. 7, 503–507 (1972).
Rehfeld, J.F.: Gastrointestinal hormones and insulin secretion. Scand. J. Gastroent. 7, 289–292 (1972).
Youngs, G.: Hormonal control of pancreatic endocrine and exocrine secretion. Gut 13, 154–161 (1972).
Creutzfeld, W.: Gastrointestinal hormones and insulin secretion. New Engl. J. Med. 288, 1238–1239 (1973).
Raptis, S., Rau, R.M., Hartmann, W., Clodi, P.H., Pfeiffer, E.F.: Effect of secretin and pancreozymin on insulin secretion in patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Diabetologia 6, 61–62 (1970).
Raptis, S., Rau, R.M., Schröder, K.E., Hartmann, W., Faulhaber, J.-D., Clodi, P.H., Pfeiffer, E.F.: The role of the exocrine pancreas in the stimulation of insulin secretion by intestinal hormones. III. Insulin responses to secretin and pancreozymin, and to oral and intravenous glucose, in patients suffering from chronic insufficiency of the exocrine pancreas. Diabeto-logia 7, 160–167(1971).
Burkl, W.: Über Zymogenhöfe in der menschlichen Bauchspeicheldrüse. Wien. klin. Wschr. 61, 264–267 (1949).
Thiel, A.: Untersuchungen über das Gefäßsystem des Pankreasläppchens bei verschiedenen Säugern mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Kapillarknäuel der Langerhansschen Inseln. Z. Zellforsch. 39, 339–372 (1954).
Ferner, H.: Über hormonale Nahwirkungen. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 83, 1468–1470 (1958).
Hellman, B., Wallgren, A., Petersson, B.: Cytological characteristics of the exocrine pancreatic cells with regard to their position in relation to the islets of Langerhans. Acta endocr. (Kbh.) 39, 465–473 (1962).
Henderson, J.R.: Why are the islets of Langerhans? Lancet 1969II, 469–470.
Soling, H.D., Unger, K.O.: The role of insulin in the regulation of alpha-amylase synthesis in the rat pancreas. Europ. J. clin. Invest. 2, 199–212 (1972).
Bock, O.A.A., Bank, S., Marks, I.N., Jackson, W.P.U.: Exocrine pancreatic function in diabetes mellitus. S. Afr. med. J. 41, 756–758 (1967).
Chey, W.Y., Shay, H., Shuman, C.R.: External pancreatic secretion in diabetes mellitus. Ann. intern. Med. 59, 812–821 (1963).
Vacca, J.B., Henke, W.J., Knight, W.A.: The exocrine pancreas in diabetes mellitus. Ann. intern. Med. 61, 242–247 (1964).
Baron, J.H., Nabarro, J.D.N.: Pancreatic exocrine function in maturity onset diabetes mellitus. Brit. med. J. 1973II, 25–27.
Rutgeerts, L., Tytgat, G., Eggermont, E.: Glucagon-induced increase of enterokinase activity of human duodenal mucosa. Digestion 8, 389–395 (1973).
Goldman, R.B., Kim, Y.S., Jones, R.S., Sleisenger, M.H.: The effect of glucagon on enterokinase secretion form Brunner’s gland pouches in dogs. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 138, 562–565 (1971).
Handwerger, S., Roth, J., Gorden, P., di Sant’Agnese, P., Carpenter, D.F., Peter, G.: Glucose intolerance in cystic fibrosis. New Engl. J. Med. 281, 451–461 (1969).
Johansen, K., Ørnsholt, J.: Frequency of diabetes after acute pancreatitis. Metabolism 21, 291–296(1972).
Bernhard, F.: Über die Hyperglykaemie bei akuten Pankreaserkrankungen. Dtsch. Z. Chir. 212, 209–216(1928).
Bernhard, F.: Die Beziehungen zwischen den Erkrankungen der Gallenwege und dem Auftreten der akuten Pankreasnekrose und Beobachtungen über die diagnostischen Hilfsmittel zur Erkennung der akuten Pankreasveränderungen. Dtsch. Z. Chir. 231, 1–30 (1931).
Mosenthal, H.O.: Pancreatitis and diabetes. Ann. intern. Med. 11, 1001–1013 (1937).
McKiddie, M.T., Buchanan, K.D., McBain, G.C., Bell, G.: The insulin response to glucose in patients with pancreatic disease. Postgrad, med. J. 45, 726–728 (1969).
Nielsen, O.S., Simonsen, E.: A case of transient diabetes mellitus in connection with acute pancreatitis. Acta med. scand. 185, 459–461 (1969).
Keller, P., Bank, S., Jackson, W.P.U., Marks, I.N., O’Reilly, L.G.: Plasma-insulin levels in “pancreatic diabetes”. Lancet 1965II, 1211–1213.
Peters, N., Dick, A.P., Hales, C.N., Orrell, D.H., Sarner, M.: Exocrine and endocrine pancreatic function in diabetes mellitus and chronic pancreatitis. Gut 7, 277–281 (1966).
Joffe, B.I., Bank, S., Jackson, W.P.U., Keller, P., O’Reilly, L.G., Vinik, A.I.: Insulin reserve in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Lancet 1968 II, 890–892.
Bank, S., Marks, I.N., Keller, P., Buchanan, K., Jackson, W.P.U., Kalk, L., Pimstone, B., Joffe, B.: Pancreatic endocrine-exocrine relationships in health and disease. Arch. Mal. Appar. dig. 61, 151c (1972).
Descos, L., Bizollon, C.-A., Faure, A., Phelip, E., Berger, G., Vagne, M., Lambert, R.: Étude comparée des fonctions exocrine et endocrine du pancréas au cours des pancréatites chronique. Arch. Mal. Appar. dig. 62, 113–123 (1973).
Grabner, W., Phillip, L., Strigl, P.: The diagnostic value of oral glucose tolerance test and combined B-cell stimulation in chronic pancreatitis. Amer. J. dig. is. 18, 1055–1060 (1973).
Green, R.C., Baggenstoss, A.H., Sprague, R.G.: Diabetes Mellitus in association with primary carcinoma of the pancreas. Diabetes 7, 308–311 (1958).
Rogers, J.B., Howard, J.M., Pairent, F.W.: Serum insulin levels in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Amer. J. Surg. 119, 171–174 (1970).
Joffe, B.I., Bank, S., Jackson, W.P.U., Vinik, A.I., Keller, P.: Effect of intravenous tolbutamide on serum insulin levels in pancreatic, diabetes. Diabetes 18, 499–501 (1969).
Kajubi, S.K.: Beta-cell mass of the pancreas. Lancet 1971II, 438.
Tully, G.T., Lowenthal, J.J.: The diabetic coma of acute pancreatitis. Ann. intern. Med. 48, 310–319(1958).
Hughes, P.D.: Diabetic acidosis with acute pancreatitis. Brit. J. Surg. 49, 90–91 (1961).
Deckert, T.: Late diabetic manifestations in “pancreatogenic” diabetes mellitus. Acta med. scand. 168, 439–446 (1960).
Bank, S., Jackson, W.P.U., Keller, P., Marks, I.N.: Serum insulin response to glucose in ‘pancreatic diabetes’. Postgrad, med. J. 44, 214–217 (1968).
Horgan, E.J.: The histogenesis of carcinoma in the islets of the pancreas. J. Lab. clin. Med. 5, 429–442(1920).
Mallet-Guy, P.: Hyperinsulinisme et pancreatite chronique avec ictère. Presse méd. 49, 467 – 468 (1941).
Cadenat, F.M., Monsaingeon, A., Rubens-Duval, A.: Pancreatite chronique hypoglycémiante post-traumatique traitée par pancréatectomie. Bull. Acad. Méd. (Paris) 132, 98–103 (1948).
Becker, W.H.: Der zelluläre Aufbau der Langerhansschen Inseln beim Hyperinsulinismus. Bruns’ Beitr. klin. Chir. 179, 291–296 (1950).
Katsch, G., Gülzow, M.: Die Krankheiten der Bauchspeicheldrüse. In: Handbuch der Inneren Medizin, Hrsg. Bergmann, G., Frey, W., Schwiegk, H., Bd. 3,T. 2, Digestive organs, S. 389–391. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1953.
Ryan, W.A.: Chronic relapsing pancreatitis with hypoglycaemia. J. Irish med. Ass. 41, 187–190 (1957).
Friedlander, E.O.: Hyperinsulinism secondary to disease of the pancras and organs adjacent to the pancreas: a review of the world literature. Ann. intern. Med. 52, 838–848 (1960).
Wacjner, G.: adenomatous hyperplasia of the islets of Langerhans in chronic pancreatitis. Bibl. gastroent. (Basel) 7, 179–188 (1965).
Leger, L., Dupuy, R., Hartmann, L.: Lithiase pancréatique associée à une tumeur fibrolangerhansienne. Pancréatectomie gauche. Bull. Mém. Soc. Méd. Hôp. Paris 69, 525–530 (1953).
Friedman, N.B., Marble, A.: Island hyperplasia in the partially depancreatized rat. Endocrinology 29, 577–582 (1941).
Duesberg, R., Eickhoff, H.: Coma diabeticum und hypoglykämischer Symptomenkomplex bei äußerer und innerer Pankreasinsuffizienz. Dtsch. Arch. klin. Med. 182, 10–21 (1938).
Grott, J.W.: Chronische Bauchspeicheldrüsenentzündung mit Hyperfunktion der Langerhansschen Inseln. Gastroenterologia (Basel) 66, 72–89 (1941).
Mallet-Guy, P.: Pancréatite chronique avec ictère et hypoglycémie: cholécystostomie. Lyon chir. 37, 241–245 (1942).
Aguilar-Parada, E., Eisentraut, A.M., Unger, R.H.: Pancreatic glucagon secretion in normal and diabetic subjects. Amer. J. med. Sci. 257, 415–419 (1969).
Persson, I., Gyntelberg, F., Heding, L.G., Boss-Nielsen, J.: Pancreatic-glucagon-like immunoractivity after intravenous insulin in normals and chronic-pancreatitis patients. Acta endocr. (Kbh.)67, 401–404(1971).
Day, J.L., Knight, M., Condon, J.R.: The role of pancreatic glucagon in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. Clin. Sci. 43, 597–603 (1972).
Wise, J.K., Hendler, R., Felig, P.: Evaluation of alpha-cell function by infusion of alanine in normal, diabetic and obese subjects. New Engl. J. Med. 288, 487–490 (1973).
Joffe, B.I., Bank, S., Marks, I.N.: Hypoglycaemia in pancreatitis. Lancet 1968 II, 1038.
van Buchem, F.S.P., Griend, A. van de: Über den Zusammenhang zwischen der inneren und äußeren Pankreasausscheidung. Dtsch. Arch. klin. Med. 176, 38–44 (1933).
Paloyan, E., Paloyan, D., Harper, P.V.: The role of glucagon hypersecretion in the relationship of pancreatitis and hyperparathyroidism. Surgery 62, 167–173 (1967).
Zollinger, R.M., Elliott, D.W., Endahl, G.L., Grant, G.N., Goswitz, J.T., Taft, D.A.: Origin of the ulcerogenic hormone in endocrine induced ulcer. Ann. Surg. 156, 570–576 (1962).
Becker, V.: Über den Zollinger-Ellison-Mechanismus. Klin. Wschr. 44, 370–375 (1966).
Carpenter, C.C.J.: Cholera enterotoxin—Recent investigations yield insights into transport processes. Amer. J. Med. 50, 1–7 (1971).
Hendrix, T.R.: The pathophysiology of cholera. Bull. N.Y. Acad. Med. 47, 1169–1180(1971).
Blomfield, J., Dascalu, J., Lennep, E.W. van, Brown, J.M.: Hypersecretion of zymogen granules in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis. Gut 14, 558–565 (1973).
Wormsley, K.G.: Aspects of duodeno-gastric reflux in man. Gut 13, 243–250 (1972).
Anderson, M.C.: Intraduodenal pressures in patients with biliary and pancreatic disease. Pacific Med. Surg. 75, 217–223 (1967).
Gross, J.B., Hallenbeck, G.A.: Chronic relapsing pancreatitis despite achlorhydria. Gastroenterology 38, 919–925 (1960).
Kravetz, R.E., Spiro, H.M.: Gastric secretion in chronic pancreatitis. Ann. intern. Med. 63, 776–782 (1965).
MacLaren, I.F., Howard, J.M., Serlin, O.: Achlorhydria associated with chronic disease of the exocrine pancreas. Surgery 59, 676–680 (1966).
Chey, W.Y., Kusakcioglu, O., Dinoso, V., Lorber, S.H.: Gastric secretion in patients with chronic pancreatitis and in chronic alcoholics. Arch, intern. Med. 122, 399–403 (1968).
Petersen, H.: The relationship between gastric and pancreatic secretion in man. Scand. J. Gastroent. 4, 345–351 (1969).
Kiekens, R., Govaerts, J.P., Wissocq, P.: Insufficiance pancréatique et steatorrhée. Acta gastroent. belg. 30, 711–720 (1967).
Worning, H., Müllertz, S., Thaysen, E.H., Bang, H.O.: pH and concentration of pancreatic enzymes in aspirates from the human duodenum during digestion of a standard meal in patients with pancreatic diseases. Scand. J. Gastroent. 3, 83–90 (1968).
Kalser, M.H., Leite, C.A., Warren, W.D.: Fat assimilation after massive distal pancreatectomy. New Engl. J. Med. 279, 570–576 (1968).
Benn, A., Cooke, W.T.: Intraluminal pH of duodenum and jejunum in fasting subjects with normal and abnormal gastric or pancreatic function. Scand. J. Gastroent. 6, 313–317 (1971).
Marks, I.N., Bank, S., Louw, J.H., Farman, J.: Peptic ulceration and gastrointestinal bleeding in pancreatitis. Gut 8, 253–259 (1967).
Wormsley, K.G.: The pathophysiology of duodenal ulceration. Gut 15, 59–81 (1974).
Code, C.F.: The role of gastric juice in the experimental production of peptic ulcer. Surg. Clin. N. Amer. 23, 1091–1101 (1943).
Greenlee, H.B., Nelsen, T.S., Dragstedt, L.R.: Studies on the relationship of the pancreas to gastric secretion. Surg. Forum 10, 161–163 (1959).
Silen, W., Peloso, O.A.: Influence of the liver, pancreas and duodenum upon gastric function. Surg. Clin. N. Amer. 46, 281–296 (1966).
Konturek, S.J., Dubiel, J.: Effect of diversion of bile and pancreatic juice on pentagastrin-produced duodenal ulcers in cats. Scand. J. Gastroent. 4, 59–64 (1969).
Leger, L., Kobel, J.-J., Cazes: Pancréatite chronique et ulcere gastroduodenal. Arch. Mal. Appar. dig. 49, 727–751 (1960).
Fitzgerald, O., Fitzgerald, P., Fennelly, J., McMullen, J.P., Boland, S.J.: A clinical study of chronic pancreatitis. Gut 4, 193–216 (1963).
Dreiling, D.A., Naqvi, M.A.: Peptic ulcer diathesis in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Amer. J. Gastroent. 51, 503–510 (1969).
Elliott, D.W., Grant, G.N., Goswitz, J., Zollinger, M.: Prevention of ulcer after pancreatic surgery. Amer. J. Surg. 107, 258–266 (1964).
Warren, K.W., Poulantzas, J.K., Kune, G.A.: Life after total pancreatectomy for chronic pancreatitis: clinical study of eight cases. Ann. Surg. 164, 830–834 (1966).
Waddell, W.R., Loughry, R.W.: Gastric acid secretion after pancreatico-duodenectomy. Arch. Surg. 96, 574–585 (1968).
Berstad, A.: Inactivation of human gastric pepsin by duodenal juice. Scand. J. Gastroent. 6, 241–244(1971).
Northop, J.H.: The mechanism of the influence of acids and alkalies on the digestion of proteins by pepsin or trypsin. J. gen. Physiol. 5, 263–274 (1922).
Lazdunski, M., Delaage, M.: Étude structurale du trypsinogène et de la trypsine. Les diagrammes d’état. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 140, 417–434 (1967).
Rowe, J.J.M., Wakim, J., Thoma, J.A.: Multiple forms of porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase. Anal. Biochem. Biophys. 25, 206–220 (1968).
Desnuelle, P.: La lipase pancréatique. Biochim. 53, 841–852 (1971).
Jackson, M.J., Levin, R.J., Thompson, E.: A comparison of the effects of pH on the absorptive and metabolic functions of the jejunum and ileum in vitro. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 201, 38–39P (1968).
Sladen, G.E., Dawson, A.M.: Effect of bicarbonate on sodium absorption by the human jejunum. Nature (Lond.) 218, 267–268 (1968).
Adibi, S.A., Ruiz, C., Glaser, P., Fogel, M.R.: Effect of intraluminal pH on absorption rates of leucine, water and electrolytes in human jejunum. Gastroenterology 63, 611–618 (1972).
Newsome, J.: The secretin test of pancreatic function and its use in steatorrhoea. Gastroenterolo-gia (Basel) 74, 257–269 (1949).
Cerda, J. J., Brooks, F.P.: Relationships between steatorrhea and an insufficiency of pancreatic secretion in the duodenum in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Amer. J. med. Sci. 253, 38–44 (1967).
DiMagno, E.P., Go, V.L.W., Summerskill, W.H.J.: Relations between pancreatic enzyme outputs and malabsorption in severe pancreatic insufficiency. New Engl. J. Med. 288, 813–815 (1973).
Balzer, E.: Angeborener Mangel an Pankreaslipase. Z. Gastroent. 5, 239–246.
Senior, J.R.: Clinical assessment of fat maldigestion in various malabsorptive states by estimation of excreted glycerides. Gastroenterology 54, 1269 (1968).
Bliss, C.M., Small, D.M.: A comparison of ileal and fecal lipid in pancreatic steatorrhea. Gastroenterology 58, 928 (1970).
Althausen, T.L., Uyeyama, K.: A new test of pancreatic function based on starch tolerance. Ann. intern. Med. 41, 563–575 (1954).
Sun, D.C.H., Shay, H.: An evaluation of the starch tolerance test in pancreatic insufficiency. Gastroenterology 40, 379–382 (1961).
Sun, D.C.H.: Diagnostic tests for chronic pancreatic disease. Arch, intern. Med. 115, 57–61 (1965).
Calkins, W.G.: The starch tolerance test in pancreatic disease. Arch, intern. Med. 118, 103–107 (1966).
Fogel, M.R., Gray, G.M.: Starch hydrolysis in man: an intraluminal process not requiring membrane digestion. J. appl. Physiol. 35, 263–267 (1973).
Auricchio, S., Ciccimarra, F., Rubino, A., Prader, A.: Studies on intestinal digestion of starch in man. III. The absorption coefficient of starch in infants and children. Enzym, biol. clin. 9, 321–337 (1968).
Dornberger, G.R., Comfort, M.W., Wollaeger, E.E., Power, M.H.: Total fecal solids, fat and nitrogen. IV. A study of patients with chronic relapsing pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 11, 691–700(1948).
Cooke, W.T., Thomas, G., Mangall, D., Cross, H.: Observations on the faecal excretion of total solids, nitrogen, sodium, potassium, water and fat in the steatorrhoea syndrome. Clin. Sci. 12, 223–234 (1953).
Gould, B.S., Shwachman, H.: Studies in cystic fibrosis. Determination of plasma proline following protein feeding as a diagnostic test for pancreatic insufficiency. Amer. J. Dis. Child. 91, 584–587 (1956).
Cerda, J.J., Brooks, F.P., Prockop, D.J.: Intraduodenal hydrolysis of gelatin as a measure of protein digestion in normal subjects and patients with malabsorption syndromes. Gastroenterology 54, 358–365 (1968).
Toskes, P.P., Cerda, J.J.: The value of the gelatin infusion test in the diagnosis of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in patients with Billroth II anastomoses. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 18, 147–150 (1973).
Evans, W.B., Wollaeger, E.E.: Incidence and severity of nuritional deficiency states in chronic exocrine pancreatic insufficiency: comparison with nontropical sprue. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 11, 594–606 (1966).
Summing, H.-J., Maring, H.: Exkretorische Pankreasinsufficienzbei Osteoporose. Ärztl. Wschr. 11, 279–282(1956).
Davis, A.E., Badenoch, J.: Iron absorption in pancreatic disease. Lancet 1962 II, 6–8.
Deller, D.J.: Iron59 absorption measurements by whole-body counting: studies in alcoholic cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, and pancreatitis. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 10, 249–258 (1965).
Tönz, O., Weiss, S., Stramm, H.W.: Iron absorption in cystic fibrosis. Lancet 1965 II, 1096 – 1099.
Murray, M.J., Stein, N.: Does the pancreas influence iron absorption? Gastroenterology 51, 694–700 (1966).
Balcerzak, S.P., Peternel, W.W., Heinle, E.W.: Iron absorption in chronic pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 53, 257–264 (1967).
Davis, A.E., Biggs, J.C.: The pancreas and iron absorption: current views. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 12, 293–302 (1967).
Kavin, H., Charlton, R.W., Jacobs, P., Green, R., Torrance, J.D., Bothwell, T.H.: Effect of the exocrine pancreatic secretions on iron absorption. Gut 8, 556–564 (1967).
Strohmeyer, G., Kuni, H., Borchers, H.H., Goebell, H.: Quantitative Untersuchungen zum Einfluß der exokrinen Pankreasfunktion auf die Eisenresorption beim Menschen. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 95, 2067–2075 (1970).
Jordan, P.H., Grossman, M.I.: Pancreaticoduodenectomy for chronic relapsing pancreatitis. Arch. Surg. 74, 871–880 (1957).
Davis, A.E., Biggs, J.C.: The pancreas and iron absorption. Gut 6, 140–142 (1965).
Kahn, I.J., Weser, E., Sleisenger, M.H.: Inhibition of iron transport by pancreatic extracts and secretions. Clin. Res. 13, 255 (1965).
Biggs, J.C., Davis, A.E.: The exocrine pancreas and iron absorption. Aust. Ann. Med. 15, 36–39 (1966).
Benjamin, B.I., Cortell, S., Conrad, M.E.: Bicarbonate-induced iron complexes and iron absorption: one effect of pancreatic secretions. Gastroenterology 53, 389–396 (1967).
Veeger, W., Abels, J., Hellemans, N., Nieweg, H.O.: Effect of sodium bicarbonate and pancreatin on the absorption of vitamin B12 and fat in pancreatic insufficiency. New Engl. J. Med. 267, 1341–1344(1962).
Toskes, P.P., Hansell, J., Cerda, J.J., Deren, J.J.: Vitamin B12 malabsorption in chronic pancreatic insufficiency. New Engl. J. Med. 284, 627–632 (1971).
Henderson, J.T., Simpson, J.D., Warwick, R.R.G., Shearman, D.J.C.: Does malabsorption of vitamin B12 occur in chronic pancreatitis? Lancet 1972 II, 241–243.
Deren, J.J., Arora, B., Toskes, P.P., Hansell, J., Sibinga, M.S.: Malabsorption of crystalline vitamin B12 in cystic fibrosis. New Engl. J. Med. 288, 949–950 (1973).
Toskes, P.P., Deren, J.J., Fruiterman, J., Conrad, M.E.: Specificity of the correction of vitamin B12 malabsorption by pancreatic extract and its clinical significance. Gastroenterology 65, 199–204(1973).
Le Baver, E., Smith, K., Greenberger, N.J.: Pancreatic insufficiency and vitamin B12 malabsorption. Arch, intern. Med. 122, 423–425 (1968).
Toskes, P.P., Deren, J.J., Conrad, M.E.: Trypsin-like nature of the pancreatic factor that corrects vitamin B12 malabsorption associated with pancreatic dysfunction. J. clin. Invest. 52, 1660–1664(1973).
Herbert, V., Castle, W.B.: Divalent cation and pH dependence of rat intrinsic factor action in everted sacs and mucosal homogenates of rat small intestine. J. clin. Invest. 40, 1978–1983 (1961).
Carmel, R., Rosenberg, A.H., Lau, K.-S., Streiff, R.R., Herbert, V.: Vitamin B12 uptake by human small bowel homogenate and its enhancement by intrinsic factor. Gastroenterology 56, 548–555 (1969).
Dawson, A.M.: Bile salts and fat absorption. Gut 8, 1–3 (1967).
Sproul, E.E., Sanders, E.K.: Effect of pancreatic achylia on vitamin K absorption and prothrombin time. Amer. J. Physiol. 135, 137–148 (1941).
Egtrup, H.: Pancreatic disease combined with vitamin-K-refractory hypoprothrombinemia. Acta med. scand. 129, 33–36 (1947).
Lake, M., Cornell, N.W., Harrison, H.E.: Postoperative achylia pancreatica: fat and protein absorption with and without replacement therapy, Amer. J. med. Sci. 205, 118–122 (1943).
Kahan, J.: The vitamin A absorption test. II. Studies on children and adults with disorders in the alimentary tract. Scand. J. Gastroent. 5, 5–12 (1970).
Sjöberg, H.E., Nilsson, L.H.: Retention of oral 47Ca in patients with intestinal malabsorption: regional enteritis and pancreatic insufficiency. Scand. J. Gastroent. 5, 265–272 (1970).
Oppenheimer, E.H.: Focal necrosis of striated muscle in an infant with cystic fibrosis of the pancreas and evidence of lack of absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. John Hopk. med. J. 98, 353–358 (1956).
Lamotte-Barrillon, S., Bernier, J.J., Tricoire, J., Labrousse, C.: Grande ostéomalacic et pancréatite calcifiante. Presse méd. 72, 3441–3445 (1964).
Hoffbrand, B.I.: Chronic pancreatitis (? alcoholic) with osteomalacia. Proc. roy. Soc. Med. 58, 697–698 (1965).
Prost, A., Rambaud, J.-C., Cottin, S., Bernier, J.J.: Pancreatites chroniques et osteomalacic Biol. Gastroent. 2, 161–166 (1970).
Plough, I.C., Kyle, L.H.: Pancreatic insufficiency and hyperparathyroidism. Ann. intern. Med. 47, 590–598(1957).
Thompson, G.R., Lewis, B., Booth, C.C.: Absorption of vitamin D3–3H in control subjects and patients with intestinal malabsorption. J. clin. Invest. 45, 94–102 (1966).
De Grazia, J.A., Rich, C.: Studies of intestinal absorption of calcium45 in man. Metabolism. 13, 650–660 (1964).
Bell, C.C., Swell, L.: Effect of total pancreatectomy on cholesterol absorption and the serum cholesterol level in man. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 128, 575–577 (1968).
Joffe, B.I., Krut, L., Bank, S., Marks, I.N., Keller, P.: Serum lipid levels in diabetes secondary to chronic pancreatitis. Metabolism 19, 87–90 (1970).
Joffe, B.I., Krut, L., Mendelson, D., Seftel, H.C.: Oral fat tolerance studies in chronic pancreatitis. Amer. J. Gastroent. 59, 522–527 (1973).
Dixon, C.F., Comfort, M.W., Lichtman, A.L., Benson, R.E.: Total pancreatectomy for carcinoma of the pancreas in a diabetic person. Arch. Surg. 52, 619–639 (1946).
Weber, A.M., Roy, C.C., Morin, C.L., Lasalle, R.: Malabsorption of bile acids in children with cystic fibrosis. New Engl. J. Med. 288, 1001–1005 (1973).
Hunt, J.N., Pathak, J.D.: The osmotic effects of some simple molecules and ions on gastric emptying. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 154, 254–269 (1960).
Hunt, J.N., Knox, M.T.: Regulation of gastric emptying. In: Handbook of physiology, section 6, The alimentary canal, vol. IV, p. 1917–1935. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins Co. 1967.
Elias, E., Gibson, G.J., Greenwood, L.F., Hunt, J.N., Tripp, J.H.: The slowing of gastric emptying by monosaccharides and disaccharides in test meals. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 194, 317–326 (1968).
Moberg, S., Carlberger, G.: The effect on gastric emptying of test meals with various fat and osmolar concentrations. Scand. J. gastroent. 9, 29–32 (1974).
Hunt, J.N., Knox, M.T.: The slowing of gastric emptying by nine acids. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 201, 161–179 (1969).
Hunt, J.N., Knox, M.T.: The slowing of gastric emptying by four strong acids and three weak acids. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 222, 187–208 (1972).
Hunt, J.N., Knox, M.T.: A relation between the chain length of fatty acids and the slowing of gastric emptying. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 194, 327–336 (1968).
Cooke, A.R., Moulang, J.: Control of gastric emptying by amino acids. Gastroenterology 62, 528–532 (1972).
Wormsley, K.G.: Response to duodenal acidification in man. IV. Effect on gastric emptying. Scand. J. Gastroent. 7, 631–637 (1972).
Long, W.B., Weiss, J.B.: Rapid gastric emptying of fatty meals in pancreatic insufficiency. Gastroenterology 64, 763 (1973).
Moberg, S., Carlberger, G.: Gastric emptying in healthy subjects and in patients with various malabsorptive states. Scand. J. Gastroent. 9, 17–22 (1974).
Nothmann, M., Wendt, H.: Über eine regulatorische Funktion des Pankreas für die Magenentleerung nach Fettmahlzeit. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. exp. Path. Pharmac. 168, 49–56 (1932).
Mallinson, C.N.: Effect of pancreatic insufficiency and intestinal lactase deficiency on the gastric emptying of starch and lactose. Gut 9, 737 (1968).
Spencer, J., Iweze, F.I.: Inhibition of gastric secretion by insulin. Scand. J. Gastroent. 8, Suppl. 21, 1–31 (1973).
Dotevall, G., Kock, N.G., Walan, A.: Inhibition of pentagastrin-induced gastric acid secretion in man by glucagon given intravenously. Scand. J. Gastroent. 4, 713–716 (1969).
Ottenjann, R., Rösch, W., Deyhle, P.: Der Einfluß von Depot-Glukagon auf die Magensekretion beim Menschen. Med. Klin. 67, 479–481 (1972).
Christiansen, J., Hendel, L.: The effect of glucagon on pentagastrin-induced gastric acid secretion and serum calcium concentration in man. Scand. J. Gastroent. 8, 81–84 (1973).
Hansky, J., Soveny, C., Korman, M.G.: The effect of glucagon on serum gastrin. I. Studies in normal subjects. Gut 14, 457–461 (1973).
Greider, M.H., McGuigan, J.E.: Cellular localization of gastrin in the human pancreas. Diabetes 20, 389–396 (1971).
Gregory, R.A., Grossman, M.I., Tracy, H.J., Bentley, P.H.: Nature of the gastric secretagogue in Zollinger-Ellison tumors. Lancet 1967 II, 543–544.
Gjone, E., Fretheim, B., Nordöy, A., Jacobsen, C.D., Elgjo, K.: Intractable watery diarrhea, hypokalemia and achlorhydria associated with pancreatic tumor containing gastric secretory inhibitor. Scand. J. Gastroent. 5, 401–408 (1970).
Menguy, R.: Studies on the role of pancreatic and biliary secretions in the mechanism of gastric inhibition by fat. Surgery 48, 195–200.
Grant, G.N., Elliott, D.W., Goswitz, J.T.: The role of pancreatic digestive enzymes in gastric acid secretion. Surg. Forum 13, 298–300 (1962).
Hein, M.F., Silen, W., Harper, H.A.: Studies on the mechanism of gastric hypersecretion following complete ligation of the pancreatic ducts. Surg. Forum 13, 294–296 (1962).
Albo, R., Silen, W., Hein, M.F., Harper, H.A.: Relationship of the acinar portion of the pancreas to gastric secretion. Surg. Forum 14, 316–318 (1963).
Abita, J.P., Moulin, A., Lazdunski, M., Hage, G., Palasciano, G., Brasca, A., Tiscornia, O.: A physiological inhibitor of gastric secretion, the activation peptide of trypsinogen. FEBS Letters 34, 251–255(1973).
Elliott, D.W., Taft, D.A., Passaro, E., Zollinger, R.M.: Pancreatic influences on gastric secretions. Surgery 50, 126–133 (1961).
Menguy, R., Mings, H.: Role of pancreatic and biliary juices in regulation of gastric secretion: pathogenesis of the Mann-Williamson ulcer. Surgery 50, 662–667 (1961).
Hofmann, J.W., Raih, T.J., Go, V.L.W., Wilson, S.D.: An augmented acid and gastrin response to meals in pancreatic fistula dogs. Gastroenterology 64, 745 (1973).
Basso, N., McGuigan, J.E., Passaro, E.: Elevated gastrin levels after pancreatic duct ligation. Arch. Surg. 105, 611–614 (1972).
Edmondson, H.A., Fields, I.A.: Relation of calcium and lipids to acute pancreatic necrosis. Arch, intern. Med. 69, 177–190 (1942).
Edmondson, H.A., Berne, C.J.: Calcium changes in acute pancreatic necrosis. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 79, 240–244 (1944).
Gambill, E.E., Baggenstoss, A.H., Patter, W.G. van, Power, M.H.: Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis. Study of a patient having disseminated fat necrosis, hypocalcemia, hypoproteinemia, uremia, diabetes mellitus, ascites and bilateral hydrothorax. Gastroenterology 11, 371–381 (1948).
Hayes, M.A.: A disturbance in calcium metabolism leading to tetany occurring early in acute pancreatitis. Ann. Surg. 142, 346–350(1955).
Lilljekvist, R.E.: Hypocalcemia and the diagnosis of acute acute pancreatitis. Acta chir. scand. 115, 433–446(1958).
Hellström, J., Ivemark, B.I.: Primary hyperparathyroidism. Acta chir. scand., Suppl. 294, 1–113(1962).
Paloyan, D., Paloyan, E., Worobec, R., Ernst, K., Deininger, E., Harper, P.V.: Serum glucagon levels in experimental acute pancreatitis in the dog. Surg. Forum 17, 348–350 (1966).
Avioli, L.V., Birge, S.J., Scott, S., Shieber, W.: Role of the thyroid gland during glucagon-induced hypocalcaemia in the dog. Amer. J. Physiol. 216, 939–945 (1969).
Bell, N.H.: Effects of glucagon, dibutyryl cyclic 3’,5’-adenosine monophosphate, and theophylline on calcitonin secretion in vitro. J. clin. Invest. 49, 1368–1373 (1970).
Care, A.D., Bates, R.F.L., Gitelman, H.J.: A possible role for the adenylcyclase system in calcitonin release. J. Endocr. 48, 1–15 (1970).
Harvey, R.F., Dowsett, L., Hartog, M., Read, A.E.: A radioimmunoassay for cholecysto-kinin-pancreozymin. Lancet 1973 II, 826–828.
Laporte, J.-C., Trémolières, J.: Regulation hormonale de la sécrétion enzymatique du pancréas exocrine. C.R. Acad. Sci (Paris) 273, 1205–1207 (1971).
Green, G.M., Lyman, R.E.: Feedback regulation of pancreatic enzyme secretion as a mechanism for trypsin inhibitor-induced hypersecretion in rats. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 140, 6–12 (1972).
Green, G.M., Olds, B.A., Matthews, G., Lyman, R.L.: Protein, as a regulator of pancreatic enzyme secretion in the rat. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 142, 1161–1167 (1973).
Laporte, J.-C., Trémolières, J.: Action de la trypsin et des inhibiteurs trypsiques sur la sécrétion pancréatique. Nutr. Metab. 15, 192–206 (1973).
Lyman, R.L., Olds, B.A., Green, G.M.: Chymotrypsinogen in the intestine of rats fed soybean trypsin inhibitor and its inability to suppress pancreatic enzyme secretion. J. Nutr. 104, 105–110 (1974).
Elwin, C.E.: The influence of antral pH on gastric secretion in dogs stimulated by antral perfusion with different agents. Acta physiol. scand., Suppl. 175, 36–37 (1960).
Berkowitz, J.M., Buetow, G., Walden, M., Praissman, M.: Molecular factors in antral permeation: their proposed role in gastrin release. Amer. J. Physiol. 221, 259–265 (1971).
Arvanitakis, C., Olsen, W.A.: Pancreatic disease and intestinal mucosal enzymes. Gastroenterology 64, 854 (1973).
Rommel, K., Böhmer, R., Goberna, R., Fussgänger, R.: Influence of insulin and glybenclamid on the intestinal disaccharidases of subtotally pancreatectomized rats. Digestion 6, 146–151 (1972).
Tsan, M.-F., Taube, R.A., Berlin, R.D.: The effect of trypsin on membrane transport of non-electrolytes. J. cell. comp. Physiol. 81, 251–256 (1973).
Heller, R., Tawil, T., Weser, F.: Effect of bile and pancreatic secretions on mucosal hyperplasia after small bowel resection. Clin. Res. 12, 21A (1974).
Fisher, E.R., McCloy, D.: Hepatic lesions of acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis. Their nature and pathogenesis. Surgery 37, 213–219 (1975).
Camilleri, J.P., Rettori, R., Chiche, B., Olivier, C.: Les lésions hépatiques des pancréatites aigues nécrosantes. Arch. Mal. Appar. dig. 62, 369–378 (1973).
Sanes, S., Miller, D.K., Rason, F.W.B., Geist, O.B.: Fatty change and cirrhosis of the liver in patients with pancreatic lithiasis. Arch, intern. Med. 85, 980–997 (1950).
Prohaska, J.V., Dragstedt, L.R., Harms, H.P.: The relationship of pancreatic juice to the fatty infiltration an degeneration of the liver in the depancreatized dog. Amer. J. Physiol. 117, 166–174(1936).
Montgomery, M.L., Entenman, C., Chaikoff, I.L., Nelson, C.: The role of the external secretion of the pancreas in lipid metabolism. The prevention of fatty livers in depancreatized and duct-ligated dogs by the daily feeding of fresh pancreatic juice. J. biol. Chem. 137, 693–698 (1941).
Clowes, G.H.A., MacPherson, L.B.: Production of fatty livers by ligation of the pancreatic ducts in rats. Amer. J. Physiol. 165, 628–638 (1951).
Dragstedt, L.R., Prohaska, J.V., Harm, H.P.: Observations on a substance in pancreas (a fat metabolising hormone) which permits survival and prevents liver changes in depancreatized dogs. Amer. J. Physiol. 117, 175–181 (1936).
Montgomery, M.L., Entenman, C., Chaikoff, I.L., Feinberg, H.: Antifatty liver activity of crystalline trypsin in insulin-treated depancreatized dogs. J. biol. Chem. 185, 307–310 (1950).
Chaikoff, I.L., Entenman, C., Montgomery, M.L.: The mechanism of action of the antifatty liver factor of the pancreas. J. biol. Chem. 160, 489–492 (1945).
Nardi, G.L.: Metabolic studies following total pancreatectomy for retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma. New Engl. J. Med. 247, 548–550 (1952).
Wollaeger, E.E., Comfort, M.H., Claggett, O.T., Osterberg, A.O.: Efficiency of gastrointestinal tract after resection of head of pancreas. J. Amer. med. Ass. 137, 838–848 (1948).
Lepkovsky, S., Bortfeld, P., Dimick, M.K., Feldman, S.E., Ruruta, F., Sharon, I.M., Park, R.: Role of upper intestines in the regulation of food intake in parabiotic rats with their intestines “crossed” surgically. Israel J. med. Sci. 7, 639–646 (1971).
Schally, A.V., Redding, T.W., Lucien, H.W.: Enterogastrone inhibits eating by fasted mice. Science 157, 210–211 (1967).
Gibbs, J., Young, R.C., Smith, G.P.: Cholecystokinin elicits satiety in rats with open gastric fistulas. Nature (Lond.) 245, 323–325 (1973).
Gibbs, J., Young, R.C., Smith, G.P.: cholecystokinin decreases food intake in rats. J. comp, physiol. Psychol. 84, 488–495 (1973).
Waugh, J.M., Dixon, C.F., Claggett, O.T., Bollman, J.L., Sprague, R.G., Comfort, M.H.: Total pancreatectomy: a symposium presenting four successful cases and a report on metabolic observations. Proc. Mayo Clin. 21, 25–46 (1946).
Poulsen, H.M.: Familial lipaemia. A new form of lipoidosis showing increase in neutral fats combined with attacks of acute pancreatitis. Acta med. scand. 138, 413–420 (1950).
Klatskin, G., Gordon, M.: Relationship between relapsing pancreatitis and essential hyperlipemia. Amer. J. Med. 12, 3–23 (1952).
Greenberger, N.J., Hatch, F.T., Drummey, G.D., Isselbacher, K.J.: Pancreatitis and hyperlipemia: a study of serum lipid alterations in 25 patients with acute pancreatitis. Medicine (Baltimore) 45, 161–174 (1966).
Cross, D.F.: Recurrent pancreatitis and fat-induced hyperlipoproteinemia. J. Amer. med. Ass. 208, 1494 (1969).
Salen, S., Kessler, J.I., Janowitz, H.D.: The development of pancreatic secretory insufficiency in a patient with recurrent pancreatitis and type V hyperlipoproteinemia. J. Mt Sinai Hosp. 37, 103–107(1970).
Cameron, J.L., Crisler, C., Margolis, S., DeMeester, T.R., Zuidema, G.D.: Acute pancreatitis with hyperlipemia. Surgery 70, 53–61(1971).
Levy, R.I.: Dietary and drug treatment of primary hyperlipoproteinemia. Ann. intern. Med. 77, 267–294(1972).
Cameron, J.L., Capuzzi, D.M., Zuidema, G.D., Margolis, S.: Acute pancreatitis with hyperlipemia: the incidence of lipid abnormalities in acute pancreatitis. Ann. Surg. 177, 483–489 (1973).
Farmer, R.G., Winkelman, E.I., Brown, H.B., Lewis, L.A.: Hyperlipoproteinemia and pancreatitis. Amer. J. Med. 54, 161–165 (1973).
Greenberger, N.J.: Pancreatitis and hyperlipemia. New Engl. J. Med. 289, 586–587 (1973).
Wang, C., Strauss, L., Aldersberg, D.: Experimental pancreatitis and plasma lipids. Gastroenterology 35, 465–472 (1958).
Wang, C., Adlersberg, D., Feldman, E.B.: Serum lipids in acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 36, 832–840 (1959).
Stackhouse, K.L., Glass, D.D., Zimmermann, B.: Relationship of lipoprotein lipase and hyperlipemia in pancreatitis. Surg. Forum 17, 343–344 (1966).
Bagdade, J.D.: Diabetic lipaemia complicating acute pancreatitis. Lancet 1969 II, 1041–1043.
Caren, R., Carbo, L.: Pancreatic alpha-cell function in relation to cholesterol metabolism. J. clin. Endocr. 16, 507–516 (1956).
Kudzma, D.J., Schonfeld, G.: Alcoholic hyperlipidemia: induction by alcohol but not by carbohydrate. J. Lab. clin. Med. 77, 384–393 (1971).
Lieber, C.S.: Hepatic and metabolic effects of alcohol (1966–1973). Gastroenterology 65, 821–846(1973).
Tasman-Jones, C., Abraham, A.: Hyperlipemia and pancreatitis. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 18, 767–772 (1973).
Swerdlow, A.B., Berman, M.E., Gibbel, M.I., Valaitis, J.: Subcutaneous fat necrosis associated with acute pancreatitis. J. Amer. med. Ass. 173, 765–769 (1960).
Hodson-Walker, N.J., Woods, J.M.: Acute pancreatitis with peripheral fat necrosis. Canad. med. Ass. J. 103, 382–384 (1970).
Kessler, J.I., Miller, M., Barza, D., Mishkin, S.: Hyperlipemia in acute pancreatitis. Amer. J. Med. 42, 968–976 (1967).
Thompson, G.R., Miller, J.P.: Plasma lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities in patients with malabsorption. Clin. Sci. Molec. Med. 45, 583–592 (1973).
Dragstedt, L.R., Clarke, J.S., Hlavacek, G.R., Harper, P.V.: Relation of the pancreas to the regulation of blood lipids. Amer. J. Physiol. 179, 439–450 (1954).
Entenman, C., Chaikoff, I.L., Montgomery, M.L.: The role of the external secretion of the pancreas in lipid metabolism. The influence of daily ingestion of pancreatic juice upon the level of blood lipids in completely depancreatized and duct-ligated dogs maintained with insulin. J. biol. Chem. 137, 699–706 (1941).
Harris, R., Norman, A.P., Payne, W.W.: The effect of pancreatin therapy on fat absorption and nitrogen retention in children with fibrocystic disease of the pancreas. Arch. Dis. Childh. 30, 424–427 (1955).
Gravesen, K.J.: Fat absorption in a patient after pancreatectomy. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 7, 473–483 (1962).
Jordan, P.H., Grossman, M.I.: Effect of dosage schedules on the efficacy of substitution therapy in pancreatic insufficiency. Gastroenterology 36, 447–451 (1959).
Matthews, L.W., Spector, S.: Breakthrough in cystic fibrosis. Pediatrics 27, 351–353 (1961).
Beck, K.: Über die klinische Wirksamkeit einiger handelsüblicher Pankreasfermentpräparate. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 87, 1721–1724 (1962).
Steigmann, F., Snyder, D., Fernandez, A.: Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy in malabsorption of pancreatic, hepatic and gastric origin. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 7, 464–472 (1962).
Marks, I.N., Bank, S., Airth, E.M.: Pancreatic replacement therapy in the treatment of pancreatic steatorrhea. Gut 4, 217–222 (1963).
Schultis, K., Wagner, E.: Zur Enzymsubstitution nach Pankreatektomie und bei Insuffizienz des exokrinen Pankreas. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 93, 1685–1691 (1968).
Littman, A., Handcom, D.H.: Pancreatic extracts. New Engl. J. Med. 281, 201–204 (1969).
Knill-Jones, R.P., Pearce, H., Batten, J., Williams, R.: Comparative trial of Nutrizym in chronic pancreatic insufficiency. Brit. med. J. 1970IV, 21–24.
Tillander, H.: Enzymsubstitution nach operativer Pankreasinsufficienz. Münch. med. Wschr. 112, 388–393 (1970).
Wanitschke, R., Ewe, K., Oyelowo, J.P.: Maldigestion nach Pankreasresektionen und ihre therapeutische Beeinflußbarkeit. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 98, 1216–1221 (1973).
Leite, C.A., Kalser, M.H., Warren, W.D.: Efficacy of pancreatic replacement therapy in patients with 95 per cent pancreatectomy and gut continuity. Gastroenterology 52, 1104 (1967).
Heizer, W.D., Cleaveland, C.R., Iber, F.L.: Gastric inactivation of pancreatic supplements. J. Hopk. med. J. 116, 261–270 (1965).
Haro, E.N., Falcon, W.W.: The effect of bicarbonate on pancreatic enzyme activity. Clin. Res. 12, 207 (1964).
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1976 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wormsley, K.G. (1976). Pathophysiology of the Exocrine Pancreas. In: Beck, K., et al. Pankreas. Handbuch der inneren Medizin, vol 3 / 6. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66136-5_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66136-5_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-66137-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-66136-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive