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Familientherapie

  • Chapter
Soziale und Angewandte Psychiatrie

Part of the book series: Psychiatrie der Gegenwart ((GEGENWART,volume 3))

Zusammenfassung

Die Familie ist die kleinste Einheit in der menschlichen Gesellschaftsordnung und trotz ihres Formenwandels das bis heute beständigste Gemeinschaftsgebilde. Sie beruht auf der in allen Kulturen geschützten Ehe und entspricht der Hilfsund Erziehungsbedürftigkeit der Kinder. Maximale Kohaesion mit Unterordnung der individuellen Interessen unter das Wohlergehen der Familie charakterisiert Familiensippen in Agrarkulturen. Sie fällt meist zusammen mit der patriarchalen Familienorganisation — in reiner Form im alten China, im vorchristlichen Israel, in Rom. Das Gegenstück dazu ist die als „atomistisch“ bezeichnete Familie mit viel höher bewerteter Freiheit des Einzelnen von Familienkontrolle und -Verpflichtung; erwachsene Kinder leben nicht mit Eltern zusammen. Die Angehörigen sind, wenn überhaupt, nur durch freiwillig beibehaltene affektive Bindungen zusammengehalten, wogegen ökonomische und religiöse Faktoren, ferner Erzie- hungs- und Erholungsfunktionen eine geringe Rolle spielen und auch die informelle Kontrolle der Familie durch die soziale Umwelt weitgehend wegfallt (C.C. Zimmermann, 1947). Diesen Familientyp gibt es in der großstädtischen Mittelklasse-Bevölkerung westlicher Industrieländer. Die sogenannte „häusliche Familie“zeigt etwas weniger Unabhängigkeit des Einzelnen und etwas mehr Zusammenhalt. Eltern-Kinder-Beziehungen werden auch nach Heirat und Wegzug der Jungen gepflegt; dieser Typ ist in Mitteleuropa wohl auch heute noch die häufigste Form. Schließlich seien die heute nicht mehr seltenen chaotischen oder die atypischen Familienformen erwähnt wie z.B. die „matrizentrierte“Familie in der armen Bevölkerungsschicht amerikanischer Schwarzer, in der die Väter oft eine unbedeutende Rolle spielen oder überhaupt fehlen.

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Authors
  1. L. Kaufmann
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Sigmund-Freud-Institut, Myliusstraße 20, D-6000, Frankfurt/Main, Germany

    H. Argelander

  2. Psychiatrische Universitätspoliklinik für Erwachsene, Petersgraben 1, CH-4051, Basel, Switzerland

    R. Battegay

  3. Department of Social Medicine, Karolinska Institute, S-104 01, Stockholm 60, Sweden

    N. Bejerot M.D. (Assistant Prof.) (Assistant Prof.)

  4. The Maudsley Hospital, Denmark Hill, SE5 8AZ, London, Great Britain

    D. Bennett

  5. Zentralinstitut für seelische Gesundheit, Postfach 5970, D-6800, Mannheim, J 5, Germany

    W. Böker

  6. Psychiatrische Klinik, der Universität Göttingen, von-Siebold-Straße 5, D-3400, Göttingen, Germany

    E. Bönisch , H. Feldmann  & J.-E. Meyer ,  & 

  7. Platanenallee 19, D-1000, Berlin 19, Germany

    G. Bosch

  8. Psychiatrische Klinik, der Universität München, Nußbaumstraße 7, D-8000, München 2, Germany

    M. von Cranach (Oberarzt) (Oberarzt)

  9. Am Rehwinkel 8, D-4800, Bielefeld 1, Germany

    Ch. von Ferber

  10. Niedersächsisches Landeskrankenhaus Wunstorf, D-3050, Wunstorf, Germany

    A. Finzen

  11. Alders Road, RH2 OEA, Reigate Surrey, Great Britain

    R. K. Freudenberg M.D.

  12. Niedersächsisches Landeskrankenhaus Tiefenbrunn, Fachklinik für psychogene und psychosomatische Erkrankungen, D-3405, Rosdorf 1-Tiefenbrunn, Germany

    F. S. Heigl

  13. Forschungsstelle für Gruppenprozesse, der Universität Göttingen, 3405, Rosdorf 1-Tiefenbrunn, Germany

    A. Heigl-Evers

  14. Hôpital de Cery, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, CH-1008, Prilly, Switzerland

    L. Kaufmann (Privatdozent) (Privatdozent)

  15. Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Psychiatrische Klinik, K.-Wiechert-Allee 9, D-3000, Hannover, Germany

    H. Krüger

  16. Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia and the Vancouver General Hospital, 700 West 10th Street, V5Z 1M9, Vancouver, B.C., Canada

    E. L. Margetts

  17. Montsalvatstraße 19, D-8000, München 40, Germany

    P. Matussek

  18. Abteilung für Erwachsenen-Psychiatrie des Max-Planck-Institutes für Psychiatrie, Kraepelinstraße 10, D-8000, München 40, Germany

    W. Mombour

  19. Department of Psychiatry, McGill University Montreal, Section of Transcultural Psychiatric Studies, 1266 Pine Avenue West, H3G 1A8, Montreal, Que., Canada

    H. B. M. Murphy M.D., Ph. D.

  20. Box 16, Gaustad, Oslo 3, Norwegen

    Ø. Ødegård

  21. Academic Department of Psychiatry, Royal Free Hospital, NW3 2QG, Hampstead, London, Great Britain

    G. F. M. Russell

  22. Medical Research Council, Clinical Psychiatry Unit, Graylingwell Hospital, PO19 4PQ, Chichester, Sussex, Great Britain

    P. Sainsbury MD., FRCPsych, MRCP, DPM

  23. Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, Heidelberg, Germany

    H. Schipperges

  24. Institute of Psychiatry, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AH, Great Britain

    M. Shepherd

  25. Ärztlich-psychologische Beratungsstelle für Studierende der Universität Göttingen, Nikolausberger Weg 17, Göttingen, D-3400, Germany

    E. Sperling

  26. Niedersächsisches Landeskrankenhaus, Rosdorfer Weg 70, Göttingen, D-3400, Germany

    U. Venzlaff

  27. Institute of Psychiatry, de Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, Great Britain

    J. K. Wing

  28. Westfälisches Landeskrankenhaus, Hermann-Simonstraße 7, Gütersloh, D-4830, Germany

    W. Th. Winkler

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© 1975 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Kaufmann, L. (1975). Familientherapie. In: Argelander, H., et al. Soziale und Angewandte Psychiatrie. Psychiatrie der Gegenwart, vol 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66047-4_21

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66047-4_21

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-66048-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-66047-4

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