Abstract
This chapter will concern itself with visibly recognizable chromosomal changes in human cancer and leukemia. Until recently, these changes consisted exclusively of readily ascertained morphologic and/or numerical changes of the chromosomes involving, in genetic terms, very large amounts of DNA. Newer techniques of fluorescent staining and banding patterns of chromosomes have already revealed finer karyotypic features in cancer and leukemia, too delicate to have been realized with the older methods. No available method, however, is capable of visibly showing changes at the gene level. Since such a change is probably an essential part of carcinogenesis and leukemogenesis, our inability to examine chromosomes at that level will continue to be an egregious shortcoming of oncologic cytogenetics.
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Sandberg, A.A., Hossfeld, D.K. (1974). Chromosomal Changes in Human Tumors and Leukemias. In: Grundmann, E. (eds) Geschwülste · Tumors I. Handbuch der allgemeinen Pathologie, vol 6 / 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65895-2_2
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