Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Urolithiasis

  • Chapter
Urology in Childhood

Part of the book series: Handbuch der Urologie / Encyclopedia of Urology ((1020,volume 15 / 1))

Abstract

Both the incidence and clinical characteristics of urinary calculi vary greatly from one part of the world to another and from one historical period to the next. Although this variation is seen in adult disease it is even more evident in paediatrics, and recent contributions on the subject from different countries emphasise this wide range (Andersen, 1969; Aurora et al., 1970; Heras Perez, 1969; Lennert, 1967; Strohmenger et al., 1970; Thompson et al., 1967 and Troup et al., 1972). It is, however, possible to discern three patterns of incidence, each with its characteristic predominant form of urolithiasis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Albright, F., Reifenstein, E. C.: The parathyroid glands and metabolic bone disease. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins 1948.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andersen, D. A.: The incidence of urinary calculi. Hosp. Med. 1, 1024–1028 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Andersen, D. A.: Historical and geographical differences in the pattern of incidence of urinary stones considered in relation to possible aetiological factors. Chapter 2. Renal Stone Research Symposium (eds. A. Hodgkinson and B. E. C. Nordin). London: J. & A. Churchill Ltd 1969

    Google Scholar 

  • Appleyard, W. J.: Hyperuricaemia and renal failure preceding the onset of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Proc. roy. Soc. Med. 64, 728–729 (1971).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aurora, A. L., Taneja, O. P., Gupta, D. N.: Bladder stone disease of childhood. 1. An epidemiological study. Acta paediat. (Uppsala) 59, 177–184 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Band, P. R., Silverberg, D. S., Henderson, J. F., Wensel, R. H., Banerjee, T. K., Little, A. S.: Xanthine nephropathy in a patient with lymphosarcoma treated by allopurinol. New Engl. J. Med. 283, 354–357 (1970).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barlow, A., McCance, R. A.: Nitrogen partition in newborn infants urine. Arch. Dis. Childh. 23, 225–230 (1948).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bartter, F. C.: Hypophosphatasia. In: The metabolic basis of inherited disease (eds. J. B. Stanbury, J. B. Wyngaarden and D. S. Fredrickson), 3rd edition, pp. 1295–1304. New York: McGraw Hill 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beilin, L. J., Clayton, B. E.: Idiopathic hypercalciuria in a child. Arch. Dis. Childh. 39, 409–414 (1969).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brodehl, J., Gellisen, K., Kowalewski, S.: Isolierter Defekt der tubulären Cystin-Ruck-Resorption in einer Familie mit idiopathischem Hypoparathyroidismus. Klin. Wschr. 45, 38–40 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cendron, J.: Personal communication, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chutikorn, C., Dhanamitta, S., Halstead, S. B., Pantuwatana, S., Tankayul, C., Umpaivit, P., Valyasevi, A., van Reen, R.: Nutrition Research in Indonesia and Thailand Nine articles, special issue. Amer. J. clin. Nutr. 20, 1312–1391 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Crawhall, J. C., Scowen, E. F., Thompson, C. J., Watts, R. W. E.: The renal clearance of aminoacids in cystinuria. J. clin. Invest. 46, 1162–1171 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crawhall, J. C., Scowen, E. F., Watts, R. W. E.: Effects of penicillamine on cystinuria. Brit. med. J. 1963 I, 588–590.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crawhall, J. C., Watts, R. W. E.: Cystinuria. Amer. J. Med. 45, 736–755 (1968).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cuisinier-Gleizes, P., Mathieu, H., Royer, P.: Physiologie de l’excretion renale du calcium. Path, et Biol. 11, 222–241 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Daeschner, C. W., Singleton, E. B., Curtis, J. C.: Urinary tract calculi and nephrocalcinosis in infants and children. J. Pediat. 57, 721–732 (1960).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, H.: Metabolic causes of renal stones in children. J. Amer. med. Ass. 171, 2199–2202 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Dedmon, R. E., Wrong, O. M.: The excretion of organic anion in renal tubular acidosis with particular reference to citrate. Clin. Sci. 22, 19–32 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dent, C. E., Friedman, M.: Hypercalciuric rickets associated with renal tubular damage. Arch. Dis. Childh. 39, 240–249 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dent, C. E., Friedman, M., Green, H., Watson, L. A. C.: Treatment of cystinuria. Brit. med. J. 1965 I, 403–408.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dent, C. E., Philpot, G. R.: Xanthinuria, an inborn error (or deviation) of metabolism. Lancet 1954 I, 172–185.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dent, C. E., Rose, G. A.: Aminoacid metabolism in cystinuria. Quart. J. Med. 20, 205–219 (1951).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dent, C. E., Senior, B.: Studies on the treatment of cystinuria. Brit. J. Urol. 27, 317–332 (1955).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dent, C. E., Stamp, T. C. B.: Treatment of primary hyperoxaluria. Arch. Dis. Childh. 45, 735–745 (1970).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eckstein, H. B.: In: Paediatric urology (ed. D. Innes Williams). London: Butterworths 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fanconi, G., Giradet, P., Schlesinger, B. E., Butler, N., Black, J.: Chronische Hyperalcamie, kombiniert mit Osteosklerose, Hyperazotamie, Minderwuchs und congenitalen Mißbildungen. Helv. Paediat. Acta 7, 314–349 (1952).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fourman, P., Royer, P.: Calcium metabolism and the bone, 2nd edition Oxford: Blackwell 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gershoff, S. N., Prien, E. L., Chandrafanond, A.s Urinary stones in Thailand. J. Urol. (Baltimore) 90, 285–288 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghazali, S., Barratt, T. M.: The urinary excretion of calcium and magnesium in healthy British children. Arch. Dis. Childh. In press (1973a).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghazali, S., Barratt, T. M.: A prospective study of British children with urinary calculi. In preparation (1973 b).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghazali, S., Barratt, T. M., Williams, D. I.: Urinary calculi in British children. Arch. Dis. Childh. 48, 291–295 (1973).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gibbs, D. A., Watts, R. W. E.: Biochemical studies on the treatment of primary hyperoxaluria. Arch. Dis. Childh. 42, 505–508 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gibbs, D. A., Watts, R. W. E.: The variation of urinary oxalate excretion with age. J. Lab. clin. Med. 73, 901–908 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gutman, A. B., Yu, T. F.: Uric acid nephrolithiasis. Amer. J. Med. 45, 756–779 (1968).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, H., Mittwoch, U., Robson, E. B., Warren, F. L.: Phenotypes and genotypes in cystinuria. Ann. hum. Genet. 20, 57–91 (1955).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Henneman, P. H., Wallach, S., Dempsey, E. F.: The metabolic defect responsible for uric acid stone formation. J. clin. Invest. 41, 537–542 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heras Perez, J. M.: Infantile urolithiasis. Arch. esp. Urol. 22, 253–270 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hillman, D. A., Scriver, C. R., Pedvis, S., Shragovitch, I.: Neonatal familial primary hyperparathyroidism. New Engl. J. Med. 270, 483–490 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hodkinson, A., Nordin, B. E. C.: Renal Stone Research Symposium. London: J. & A. Churchill 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  • Howard, R. S., Walzak, M. P.: A new cause for uric acid stones in childhood. J. Urol. (Baltimore) 98, 639–642 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Howell, R. R.: The inter-relationship of glycogen storage disease and gout. Arthr. And Rheum. 8, 780–785 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kelley, W. N., Wyngaarden, J. P.: The Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. In: The metabolic basis of inherited disease (eds. J. B. Stanbury, J. B. Wyngaarden and D. Fredrickson), 3rd edition, pp. 169–991. New York: McGraw-Hill 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, J. S.: Currents in renal stone research. Clin. Chem. 17, 971–982 (1971).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knapp, E. L.: Factors influencing urinary excretion of calcium in normal persons. J. clin. Invest. 26, 182–202 (1947).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koch, J., Stokstad, E. L. R., Williams, H. E., Smith, L. H.: Deficiency of 2-oxo-glutarate: glyoxylate carboligase activity in primary hyperoxaluria. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 57, 1123–1129 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krakoff, I. H., Murphy, L.: Hyperuricaemia in neoplastic disease in children: prevention with allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor. Pediatrics 41, 52–56 (1968).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lemman, J., Piering, W. E., Lennon, E. J.: Possible role of carbohydrate induced calciuria in calcium oxalate kidney-stone formation. New Engl. J. Med. 280, 232–237 (1969).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lennert, K. A.: Urolithiasis in childhood. Report of 40 cases. Bruns’ Beitr. klin. Chir. 214, 157–167 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lesch, M., Nyhan, W. L.: A familial disorder of uric acid metabolism and central nervous system function. Amer. J. Med. 36, 561–570 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lett, H.: On urinary calculus with special reference to stone in the bladder. Brit. J. Urol. 8, 205–232 (1936).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lightwood, R.: Idiopathic hypercalcaemia in infants with failure to thrive. Arch. Dis. Childh. 27, 302–303. 1952.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lightwood, R., Butler, N.: Decline in primary infantile renal acidosis: aetiological implications. Brit. med. J. 1963 I, 855–857.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lightwood, R., Maclagan, N. P., Williams, J. G.: Persistent acidosis in infants. Proc. roy. Soc. Med. 29, 1431–1433 (1936).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lightwood, R., Payne, W. W., Black, J. A.: Infantile renal acidosis. Pediatrics 12, 628–644 (1953).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lonsdale, K., Sutor, D. J.: X-ray diffraction studies of urinary calculi. In: Renal Stone Research Symposium (eds. A. Hodgkinson and B. E. C. Nordin), pp. 105–112. London: J. & A. Churchill 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lonsdale, K., Sutor, D. J., Wooley, S. E.: Composition of urinary calculi by X-ray diffraction. Brit. J. Urol. 40, 402–411 (1968).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MacGregor, M. E.: The parathyroids. In: Paediatric endocrinology (ed. D. Hubble), pp. 155–185. Oxford: 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  • Macy, I.: Nutrition and chemical growth in children, vol. 3: Calculated data. Springfield, Ill.: Charles C Thomas 1941.

    Google Scholar 

  • Massry, S. G., Coburn, J. W., Chapman, L. W., Kleeman, C. R.: The effect of long term desoxycorticosterone administration on the renal excretion of calcium and magnesium. J. Lab. clin. Med. 71, 212–219 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Metcalfe-Gibson, A., McCallum, F. M., Morrison, R. B. I., Wrong, O.: Urinary excretion hydrogen ion in patients with uric acid calculi. Clin. Sci. 28, 325–342 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Milne, M. D., Asatoor, A. M., Edwards, K. D. G., Loughridge, L. W.: The intestinal absorption defect in cystinuria. Gut 2, 323–337 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, H. G., Steward, W. K., Lowe, K. G., Stowers, J. M.: Wilson’s disease and the Fanconi syndrome. Quart. J. Med. 31, 361–384 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nash, M. A., Torrado, A. D., More, E. S., Rodriguez-Soriano, J., Greiffer, I., Spitzer, A., Edelmann, C. M.: The natural history of renal tubular acidosis: Lightwood’s syndrome revisited. Pediat. Res. 5, 382 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  • Nolan, P.B., Hayles, A. B., Woolner, L. B.: Adenoma of the parathyroid gland in children. Amer. J. Dis. Child. 99, 622–627 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nordin, B. E. C.: Assessment of calcium excretion from the urinary calcium/creatinine ratio. Lancet 1959 II, 368–371.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Passwell, J., Boichis, H., Cohen, B. E.: Hyperuricaemic nephropathy. Amer. J. Dis. Child. 120, 154–156 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paunier, L., Borgeaud, M., Wyss, M.: Urinary excretion of magnesium and calcium in normal children. Helv. paediat. Acta 25, 577–584 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peacock, M., Hodgkinson, A., Nordin, B. E. C.: Importanct of dietary calcium in the definition of hypercalciuria. Brit. med. J. 1967 III, 469–471.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Resnick, M., Priogen, D. B., Goodman, H. O.: Genetic predisposition to formation of calcium oxalate renal calculi. New Engl. J. Med. 278, 1313–1318 (1968).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez-Soriano, J., Boichis, H., Stark, H., Edelmann, C. M.: Proximal renal tubular acidosis. A defect in bicarbonate reabsorption with normal urinary acidification. Pediat. Res. 1, 81–98 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez-Soriano, J., Edelmann, C. M.: Renal tubular acidosis. Ann. Rev. Med. 20, 362–382 (1969).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg, L. E., Downing, S., Durant, J. L., Segal, S.: Cystinuria: biochemical evidence for three genetically distinct diseases. J. clin. Invest. 45, 365–371 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Royer, P.: Explorations biologiques due métabolisme calcique chez l’enfant. Helv. paediat. Acta 16, 320–346 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Royer, P.: Hypercalcurie idiopathique avec nanisme et atteinte rénale chez l’enfant. Acta. paediat. (Uppsala), Suppl. 172, 186–191 (1967).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Royer, P., Mathieu, H.: Métabolisme du calcium dans l’insuffisance thyroidienne humaine et experiméntale. Path. et Biol. 10, 1035–1051 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scriver, C. R.: The human biochemical genetics of aminoacid transport. Pediatrics 44, 348–357 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scriver, C. R.: Familial iminoglycinuria. In: The metabolic basis of inherited disease, eds. J. B. Stanbury, J. B. Wyngaarden and D. S. Fredrickson), 3rd edition, pp. 1520–1535. New York: McGraw-Hill 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seegmiller, J. F., Rosenbloom, F. M., Kelley, W. N.: An enzyme defect associated with a sex-linked human neurological disorder and excessive purine synthesis. Science 155, 1682–1684 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, C. A.: The physiology of the newborn infant. 2nd ed., p. 288. Oxford: Blackwell 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, L. H.: Symposium on stones. Introduction. Amer. J. Med. 45, p. 649–653 (1968) and subsequent papers 654–783.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Solomons, C. C., Goodman, S. I., Riley, C. M.: Calcium carbimide in the treatment of primary hyperoxaluria. New Engl. J. Med. 276, 207–210 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stephens, A. D., Watts, R. W. E.: The treatment of cystinuria with N-acetyl-D-penicillamine, a comparison with the results of D-penicillamine treatment. Quart. J. Med. 40, 355–370 (1971).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stokes, G. S., Potts, T. J., Lotz, M., Bartter, F. C.: A new agent in the treatment of cystinuria: N-acetyl-D-penicillamine. Brit. med. J. 1968 I, 284–288.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Strohmenger, P., Mellin, P., Dondorf, V., Olbing, H.: Urinary stones in children. Med. Welt (Stuttg.) 21/37, 1610–1616 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  • Thier, S. O., Segal, S.: Cystinuria. In: The metabolic basis of inherited disease (eds. J. B. Stanbury, J. B. Wyngaarden and D. F. Fredrickson), 3rd ed., pp. 1504–1519. New York: McGraw-Hill 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, I. M., Ross, G., Jr., McCoy, E. E.: Urolithiasis in childhood: the significance of oxaluria. Case reports. Missouri Med. 64, 321–324, 334 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Troup, C. W., Lawnicki, C. C., Bourne, R. B., Hodgson, N. B.: Renal calculus in children. J. Urol. (Baltimore) 107, 306–307 (1972).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vries, A. de, Frank, M., Atsmon, A.: Inherited uric acid lithiasis. Amer. J. Med. 33, 880–892 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vries, A. de, Kochwa, S., Lazebnik, J., Frank, M., Djaldetti, M.: Glycinuria, a hereditary disorder associated with nephrolithiasis. Amer. J. Med. 23, 408–415 (1957).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wenzl, J. E., Bourke, E. C., Stickler, G. B., Utz, D. C.: Nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis in children. Pediatrics 41, 57–61 (1968).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wermer, P.: Endocrine adenomatosis and peptic ulcer in a large kindred. Amer. J. med. Sci. 35, 205–212 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Whedon, G. D., Shorr, E. J.: Metabolic studies in acute anterior poliomyelitis. II. Alterations in calcium and phosphorus metabolism. J. clin. Invest. 36, 966–981 (1957).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Whelan, D. T., Scriver, C. R.: Hyperdibasicaminoaciduria: An inherited disorder of aminoacid transport. Pediat. Res. 2, 525–534 (1968).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, D. I., Eckstein, H. B.: In: Paediatric urology (ed. D. Innes Williams). London: Butterworths 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, H. E., Smith, L. H.: L-glyceric aciduria: a new genetic variant of primary oxaluria. New Engl. J. Med. 278, 233–239 (1968).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, H. E., Smith, L. H.: Hyperoxaluria in L-glyceric aciduria: possible pathogenic mechanism. Science 171, 390–392 (1971).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, H. F., Smith, L. H.: Hyperoxaluria. In: The metabolic basis of inherited disease (eds. J. B. Stanbury, J. B. Wyngaarden and D. S. Fredrickson), 3rd ed., pp. 196–219. New York: McGraw-Hill 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wrong, P., Davies, H. E. F.: The excretion of acid in renal disease. Quart. J. Med. 28, 259–313 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wyngaarden, J. B.: Xanthinuria. In: The metabolic basis of inherited disease (eds. J. B. Stanbury, J. B. Wyngaarden and D. S. Fredrickson), pp. 992–1002. New York: McGraw-Hill 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yudkin, J., MacKenzie, J. C.: Changing food habits. London: MacGibbon & Kee 1964.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. T. M. Barratt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. D. Innes Williams
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1974 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Barratt, T.M., Williams, D.I. (1974). Urolithiasis. In: Urology in Childhood. Handbuch der Urologie / Encyclopedia of Urology, vol 15 / 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65687-3_21

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65687-3_21

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-65689-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-65687-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation