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Plasma of Serum Vasopressor Peptides Other than Angiotensins

  • Chapter
Angiotensin

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Abstract

In 1942 the uncertainty about the enzymatic character of renin promoted investigations to establish whether typical proteolytic enzymes, such as those elaborated by digestive glands, could reproduce the action of renin upon the same blood substrates. The first experiments [Croxatto and Croxatto, 1941 (2)] not only showed that pepsin reproduced the typical action of renin, giving rise to a peptide similar to angiotensin, but also opened a new exploratory technique that strengthened the view that blood proteins are a rich potential source of vasoactive peptides. In fact, the well-known proteolytic enzymes of the digestive tract can produce vasoactive peptides similar or identical to those released by endogenous enzymatic systems (renin, kallikrein). However, the activity of the latter enzymes is far more restricted. Renin acts exclusively upon renin-substrate or its synthetic homologue, but it does not liberate kinins from kininogens and, in contrast, plasma kallikreins are unable to produce angiotensin from blood substrates. On the other hand, endopeptidases such as pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin can hydrolyze both renin-substrate and kininogen. In the terminal products of the hydrolyzate, it is possible to characterize angiotensin- and bradykinin-like peptides among the other pharmacologically active substances which are less known.

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 44106, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Irvine H. Page M.D. (Emeritus Director of Research) (Emeritus Director of Research)

  2. Division of Research, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 44106, Cleveland, OH, USA

    F. Merlin Bumpus Ph.D. (Chairman) (Chairman)

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Croxatto, H.R. (1974). Plasma of Serum Vasopressor Peptides Other than Angiotensins. In: Page, I.H., Bumpus, F.M. (eds) Angiotensin. Handbuch der experimentellen Pharmakologie / Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 37. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65600-2_13

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