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Metabolism and Biological Effects of the Transplutonium Elements

  • Chapter
Uranium · Plutonium Transplutonic Elements

Abstract

The transplutonium elements (Seaborg et al., 1949a, b)—formed from plutonium by sequential neutron captures and beta-particle decays—are among the most hazardous by-products of nuclear power generation (E. D. Arnold, 1970). In his preliminary reports of the first biological studies with americium and curium, Hamilton (1947, 1948) pointed out the potential dangers of the actinide elements; “They share the radioactive and metabolic characteristics of radium—alpha-particle emission, long physical half-lives, and selective deposition in and prolonged retention in the skeleton.” When these experiments were begun in 1946 (Scott et al., 1948a, 1949), only a few milligrams of americium and curium existed. They were scientific curiosities, and the time when they might be serious biological problems seemed very remote.

Prepared for the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission under Contract No. W-7405-eng-48.

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  1. Patricia W. Durbin
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  1. Department of Pharmacology, University of California, 94122, San Francisco, California, USA

    Harold C. Hodge

  2. Department of Radiation Biology and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 14642, Rochester, New York, USA

    John B. Hursh  & J. Newell Stannard  & 

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Durbin, P.W. (1973). Metabolism and Biological Effects of the Transplutonium Elements. In: Hodge, H.C., Hursh, J.B., Stannard, J.N. (eds) Uranium · Plutonium Transplutonic Elements. Handbuch der experimentellen Pharmakologie / Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 36. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65551-7_18

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