Zusammenfassung
Innerhalb jeder Bevölkerung zeigen die Individuen eine außerordentlich bunte Vielfalt in ihren morphologischen und funktionellen Eigenschaften. Selbst Geschwister sind bezüglich Gestalt und Verhalten fast immer unverwechselbar verschieden. Verschiedene Bevölkerungen („Rassen“) unterscheiden sich in der Häufigkeit bestimmter Erbanlagen. Mit solchen Gruppenunterschieden, die vor allem Hautfarbe, Farbe und Form des Haares, Gesichtsform, Enzymvarianten, Blutgruppen und Serumgruppen, aber auch die Häufigkeit abnormer Merkmale, wie des Sichelzellhämoglobins, des Mangels an Glucose-6-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase und Mißbildungen wie Polydaktylie, Spaltbildungen des zentralen Nervensystems und Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalten betreffen, befaßt sich neben der Humangenetik die Anthropologie.
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Literatur
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Lenz, W. (1971). Humangenetik in der Kinderheilkunde. In: Bierich, J.R., et al. Geschichte der Kinderheilkunde Physiologie und Pathologie der Entwicklung. Handbuch der Kinderheilkunde, vol 1 / 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65170-0_6
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