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Vibrations at Surfaces

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Concepts in Surface Physics

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Abstract

In Chap. 3 we assumed that the atoms occupy static positions in the crystal lattice. However, even at zero temperature, they experience thermal vibrations around their equilibrium positions. In the presence of a surface, it is known, from the work of Lord Rayleigh in 1887 [4.1] on the elasticity theory of continuous media, that new vibration modes appear which are localized at the surface. Subsequently, there is a modification of the crystal vibrational thermodynamical properties. In this chapter, after having briefly reviewed the calculation of bulk modes (Sects. 4.1 and 4.2), we develop the theory of surface modes in semi-infinite crystals and explain how they can be observed experimentally (Sect. 4.3). The calculation of surface vibrational thermodynamical properties (Sect. 4.5) and mean square displacements (Sect. 4.6) is easily performed when the spectral densities of modes are known (Sect. 4.4). Finally, we show that the influence of atomic vibrations in diffraction, PhD or SEXAFS experiments can be expressed in the form of Debye-Waller factors which provide information about the mean square displacements of surface atoms (Sect. 4.6).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Service de Recherche sur les Surfaces et l’Irradiation de la Matière, Centre d’Etudes de Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

    Dr. M.-C. Desjonquères (Directeur de Recherche au Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  2. Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Sud Centre d’Orsay, F-91405, Orsay, France

    Dr. D. Spanjaard (Directeur de Recherche au Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Authors
  1. Dr. M.-C. Desjonquères
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  2. Dr. D. Spanjaard
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© 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Desjonquères, MC., Spanjaard, D. (1996). Vibrations at Surfaces. In: Concepts in Surface Physics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61400-2_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61400-2_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-58622-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-61400-2

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