Abstract
The temperate zone covers lands in the mid-latitudes on five continents between the two other main biomes, the tropical and boreal zone (e.g., Heath et al. 1993). The human population has utilised forests for a long time in areas such as China and southern Europe. Only about half of the original forests have remained forested in the temperate zone, while the other half has been converted to other uses, mainly to agricultural and pastoral land. More recently and especially in the second half of this century, the emissions of CO2, SO2, N-oxides and other gases from energyy production and industry have changed the forest environment.
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© 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Kauppi, P.E. (1996). Carbon budget of temperate zone forests during 1851-2050. In: Apps, M.J., Price, D.T. (eds) Forest Ecosystems, Forest Management and the Global Carbon Cycle. NATO ASI Series, vol 40. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61111-7_18
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