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Anatomie

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Oralpathologie I

Part of the book series: Spezielle pathologische Anatomie ((3922,volume 1 / 1))

Zusammenfassung

Die läppchenförmig aufgebaute Parotis ähnelt einer auf die Spitze gestellten Pyramide. Die Lage ist durch folgende Merkmale gekennzeichnet: Auflagerung des vorderen Abschnittes auf dem M. masseter; Ausbreitung kranial bis zum Jochbein, dorsal bis zum Tragus, kaudal bis zum vorderen Umfang des M. sternocleidomastoideus und in die Fossa submandibularis, mitunter auch zapfenartig bis in das Spatium parapharyngeum (Becker u. Brünner 1958). Die Fascia parotideomasseterica als Ausläufer des Platysma liegt dem M. masseter und dem Parotisanteil auf, welcher über den horizontalen Unterkieferast herab-reicht. Die Parotis ist sowohl mit dem M. masseter als auch der Faszie, von welcher bindegewebige Septen in die Drüsenläppchen verlaufen, fest verwachsen (Seifert 1966; Seifert et al. 1984). Der Hauptausführungsgang (Ductus parotideus, Stenon-Gang) ist 6 – 8 cm lang und nimmt folgenden Verlauf: Austritt aus der Drüse am vorderen Umfang, Verlauf über den M. masseter, danach Abknickung und Durchtritt durch den M. buccinator in die Wangenweichteile, Ausmündung in die Mundhöhle auf der Papilla parotidea gegenüber dem zweiten oberen Molaren. Die Verlaufsrichtung entspricht einer gedachten Linie vom Ansatz des Ohrläppchens zum Lippenrot der Oberlippe. Über dem M. masseter ist der Parotisgang nicht selten von kleinen akzessorischen Drüsenläppchen (Glandula parotidea accessoria) umgeben.

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Seifert, G. (1996). Anatomie. In: Oralpathologie I. Spezielle pathologische Anatomie, vol 1 / 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61083-7_1

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