Abstract
The use of low temperature of subzero modalities for medical treatment dates back to the mid-nineteenth century. Initially the agents used included liquid gases such as air, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Around the turn of the century ether spray, ethyl chloride spray, and solidified carbon dioxide were introduced. The modern era of cryosurgery began following World War II, when liquid nitrogen at a temperature of — 190°C became available. Liquid nitrogen was used commonly for the treatment of various skin lesions and was later employed to destroy some brain tumors as well as the lesions of parkinsonism and other neuromuscular disorders.
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© 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Schmidt, J.D. (1996). Cryotherapy for Carcinoma of the Prostate. In: Petrovich, Z., Baert, L., Brady, L.W. (eds) Carcinoma of the Prostate. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60956-5_24
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60956-5_24
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