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Beseitigung von Nitrat durch Mikroben

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Umweltverschmutzung

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Zusammenfassung

Die Einleitung von stickstoffhaltigen Abfällen durch die Industrie in Luft und Wasser sowie die Deponierung fester, Stickstoffverbindungen enthaltender Abfälle können zu erhöhten Nitratgehalten in der Umwelt führen. Dies geschieht entweder durch die direkte Einleitung von Nitraten oder durch die Umwandlung anderer stickstoffhaltiger Abfälle zu Nitraten durch physikalische oder mikrobielle Prozesse in der Biosphäre. So wie die Quellen der stickstoffhaltigen Abfälle sind auch die Arten der eingeleiteten Verbindungen vielfältig (Robertson & Kuenen, 1993). Die Photoindustrie produziert beträchtliche Mengen an ammonthiosulfathaltigen Abwässern, während eine Vielzahl anderer Industrien ammoniakreiche Abfälle produzieren, die in Aufbereitungsanlagen zu Nitraten umgewandelt werden. Durch die Erdölindustrie und die Verbrennung fossiler Brennstoffe werden große Mengen stickstoffhaltiger Verbindungen in die Biosphäre eingebracht. Ironischerweise kommt es dabei vor, daß Prozesse, die die Einleitung des einen Schadstoffes in die Umwelt herabsetzen sollen, vereinzelt die Zufuhr eines anderen Schadstoffes erhöhen. Ein gutes Beispiel dafür sind Rauchgasentschwefelungsanlagen, mit deren Hilfe die Freisetzung von Schwefel in die Umwelt herabgesetzt wird, während dabei gleichzeitig Abwässer mit hohen Nitratgehalten (150–300 mg N l1) entstehen (Holm Kristensen & Jepsen, 1991).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Institute of Biotechnology, Germany

    David Hardman

  2. School of Biological Sciences, University of Westminster, Germany

    Sharron McEldowney

  3. Department of Pharmacy, University of Brighton, Germany

    Stephen Waite

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  1. David Hardman
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  2. Sharron McEldowney
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  3. Stephen Waite
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© 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Hardman, D., McEldowney, S., Waite, S. (1996). Beseitigung von Nitrat durch Mikroben. In: Umweltverschmutzung. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60953-4_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60953-4_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64624-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-60953-4

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