Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Breast

  • Chapter
Radiological Diagnosis of Breast Diseases

Part of the book series: Medical Radiology ((Med Radiol Diagn Imaging))

  • 332 Accesses

Abstract

Medical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses radiofrequency (rf) waves to extract cross-sectional image information from the human body through the interaction of these waves with the magnetic properties (nuclear magnetic spins) of atomic nuclei, mainly hydrogen nuclei (protons), according to their varying density and chemical binding in the tissues. In a strong magnetic field, as in a superconducting magnet, the normally randomly oriented magnetic dipoles of the protons are preferentially aligned parallel to the external magnetic field. By application of an rf pulse to the sample in a transverse direction with an appropriate strength and frequency (the resonance or Larmor frequency of the protons, depending on the field strength), the magnetic spins can be tilted into a rotational movement around the original spin axis of the protons (precession) perpendicular to the magnetic field.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adam G, Spüntrup E, Mähler A et al. (1995) Vergleichende Untersuchungen benigner und maligner Mammatumoren mittels dynamischer MRT nach Gabe von GadoliniumDTPA und einem neuen Blutpoolkontrastmittel 24-Gado-linium-Kaskaden-Polymer. 76th DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Suppl 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Adler DD, Wahl RL (1994) New methods for imaging the breast: techniques, findings and potential. AJR 164: 19–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Allgayer B, Lukas P, Loos W, Kersting-Sommerhoff B (1993) MRT der Mamma mit 2D-Spinecho-und Gradientenechosequenzen in diagnostischen Problemfällen. Fortschr Röntgenstr 158: 423–427

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bauer M, Schulz-Wendland R, Krämer S, Büttner A (1995) MR-mammography for evaluation of breast cancer and tumor-environment. ERC Congress, March 1995, Vienna. Eur Radiol 5 (Suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradley Pierce WB, Harms SE, Flamig DP, Griffey RH, Evans WP, Hagans JE (1991) Three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging of the breast: pulse sequence with fat suppression and magnetization transfer contrast. Radiology 181: 757–763

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buchberger W, Kapferer M, Stöger A, Chemelli A, Judmaier W, Felber S (1995) Dignitätsbeurteilung fokaler Mammaläsionen: Prospektiver Vergleich von Mammographie, Sonographie und dynamischer MRT. 76th DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Supple 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooney BS, Orel SG, Schnall MD, Troupin RH (1993) Invasive lobular carcinoma in a patient with synchronous ductal carcinoma. In situ detection with MR imaging. AJR 162: 1318–1320

    Google Scholar 

  • Dao TH, Rahmouni A, Campana F, Laurent M, Asselain B, Fourquet A (1993) Tumor Recurrence versus fibrosis in the irradiated breast: differentiation with dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging. Radiology 187: 751–755

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dash N, Lupetin AR, Daffner RH, Deeb ZL, Sefczek RJ, Shapiro RL (1986) Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of breast disease. AJR 146: 119–125

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dilcher-Spies S, Venator M (1995) Diagnostische Wertigkeit der MR-Mammographie bei lobulärem Mamma-Carcinom - Retrospektive Analyse von 17 Patienten. 76th DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Suppl 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dresel V, Bühner M, Schulz-Wendland R, Bauer M (1995) Intraduktale Karzinome der Mamma - ist eine Diagnose in der Kernspintomographie (NMR) möglich? 76th DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Suppl 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • El Yousef SJ, Duchesneau RH, Alfidi RJ, Haaga JR, Bryan PJ, LiPuma JP (1984) Magnetic resonance imaging of the breast. Radiology 150: 761–766

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fischer U, Heyden DV, Vosshenrich R, Vieweg I, Grabbe E (1993) Signalverhalten maligner und benigner Läsionen in der dynamischen 2D-MRT der Mamma. Fortschr Röntgenstr 158: 287–292

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fischer U, Vosshenrich R, Döler W, Hamadeh A, Oestmann JW, Grabbe E (1995a) MR imaging-guided breast intervention: experience with two systems. Radiology 195: 533–538

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fischer U, Westerhof JP, Vosshenrich R, von Heyden D, Oestmann JW, Grabbe E (1995b) Das präinvasive duktale Mammakarzinom in der MR-Mammographie. 76 DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Suppl 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer U, Brinck U, Schauer S, Grabbe E (1995c) Korrelation von Anreicherungsverhalten in der MR Mammographie mit immunhistochemischen Prognosefaktoren. 76 DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Suppl 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Flickinger FW, Allison JD, Sherry R, Wright JC (1992) Differentiation of benign from malignant breast masses by dynamic time-intensity evaluation of contrast enhanced MRI (abstract). Annual Meeting of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Berlin, 1992

    Google Scholar 

  • Folkman J (1985) Tumor angiogenesis. Adv Cancer Res 43: 175–199

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Folkman J, Shing Y (1992) Angiogenesis. J Biol Chem 267: 10931–10934

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Friedmann BR, Jones JP, Chavez-Munoz G, Salmon AP, Merritt CR (1989) Principles of MRI. McGraw-Hill, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedrich M (1987) Kernspintomographie der Mamma. In: Frommhold W, Dihlmann W, Stender H-S, Thurn P (eds) Radiologische Diagnostik in Klinik und Praxis Allgemeine Grundlagen der radiologischen Diagnostik: Hals, Mediastinum, Zwerchfell, Mamma, kindlicher Thorax. Thieme, Stuttgart, pp 631–647

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedrich M, Semmler W (1987) MR-Tomographie der Brust. Radiologe 27: 165–177

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gilles R, Guinebretiere JM, Shapeero G et al. (1993) Assessment of breast cancer recurrence with contrast-enhanced subtraction MR imaging: preliminary results in 26 patients. Radiology 188: 473–478

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gilles R, Guinebretière JM, Lucidarme O et al. (1994a) Nonpalpable breast tumors: diagnosis with contrast-enhanced subtraction dynamic MR imaging. Radiology 191: 625–631

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gilles R, Guinebretière J-M, Toussaint C et al. (1994b) Locally advanced breast cancer: contrast-enhanced subtraction MR imaging of response to preoperative chemotherapy. Radiology 191: 633–638

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenstein Orel S, Schnall MD, LiVolsi VA, Troupin RH (1994) Suspicious breast lesions: MR imaging with radiologicpathologic correlation. Radiology 190: 485–493

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenstein Orel S, Schnall MD, Powell CM et al. (1995)Staging of suspected breast cancer: effect of MR imaging and MR-guided biopsy. Radiology 196: 115–122

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haase A, Frahm J, Matthaei D, Hänicke W, Merboldt KD (1986) FLASH-imaging: rapid NMR imaging using low flip angle pulses. J Magn Reson 67: 258–266

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harms ST, Flamig DP, Hesley K et al. (1993) MR imaging of the breast with rotating delivery of excitation off resonance: clinical experience with pathologic correlation. Radiology 187: 493–501

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harms ST, Flamig DP, Evans WP, Harries SA, Bown ST (1994) MR Imaging of the breast: current status and future potential. AJR: 1039–1047

    Google Scholar 

  • Harms ST, Jensen RA, Meiches MD, Flamig DP, Evans WP (1995) Silicone-suppressed 3D MRI of the breast using rotating delivery of off-resonance excitation. J Comput Assist Tomogr 19: 394–399

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hennig J, Nauerth A, Friedburg H, Ratzel D (1984) Ein neues Schnittbildverfahreu für die Kernspintomographie. Radiologe 24: 579–588

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hess T, Knopp MV, Brix G, Hoffmann U, Junkermann H, Zabel H-J, van Kaick G (1993) Pharmacokinetic mapping of breast lesions by dynamic Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI. Proc Soc Magn Res Med, 12th Annual Meeting, 14–20 August 1993, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Heywang-Köbrunner SH (1993) Brustkrebsdiagnostik mit MR - Überblick nach 1250 Patientenuntersuchungen. Electromedica 61: 43–52

    Google Scholar 

  • Heywang-Köbrunner SH (1994) Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the breast. Invest Radiol 29: 94–104

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heywang-Köbrunner SH, Hilbertz T, Pruss E, Wolf A, Permanetter W, Eiermann W, Lissner J (1988) Dynamische Kontrastmitteluntersuchungen mit FLASH bei der Kernspintomographie der Mamma. Digitale Bilddiagn 8: 7–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Heywang-Köbrunner SH, Wolf A, Pruss E, Hilbertz T, Eiermann W, Permanetter W (1989) MR imaging of the breast with Gd-DTPA: use and limitations. Radiology 171: 95–103

    Google Scholar 

  • Heywang-Köbrunner SH, Hilbertz T, Beck R, Bauer WM, Eiermann W, Permanetter W (1990) Gd-DTPA enhanced MR imaging of the breast in patients with postoperative scarring and silicone implants. J Comput Assist Tomogr 14: 348–356

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heywang-Köbrunner SH, Schlegel A, Beck R et al. (1993a) Contrast-enhanced MRI of the breast after limited surgery and radiation therapy. J Comput Assist Tomogr 17: 891–900

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heywang-Köbrunner SH, Beck R, Wendt T (1993b) Stellenwert der Kontrastmittel-Kernspintomographie bei der Diagnostik des Lokalrecidivs. In: Schmid L, Wilmanns W (eds) Praktische onkologie, vol III. Zuckschwerdt, München, pp 134–140

    Google Scholar 

  • Heywang-Köbrunner SH, Haustein J, Pohl C, Beck R, Lommatzsch B, Untch M, Nathrath WBJ (1994) Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging of the breast: comparison of two different doses of gadopentetate dimeglumine. Radiology 191: 639–646

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heywang-Köbrunner SH, Viehweg P, Kösling S, Spielmann RP (1995) Contrast-enhanced MRI of the breast: technical aspects and pitfalls. ERC Congress, March 1995, Vienna. Eur Radiol 5 (Suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hieschold V, Klengel ST, Neumann U, Köhler K (1995) Zur erforderlichen Zeitauflösung bei der dynamischen Kernspintomographie der Mamma. 76th DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Supple 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hittmair K, Turetschek K, Gomiscek G, Stiglbauer R, Schurawitzki H (1995) Field strength dependence of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of mammary tumors. ERC Congress, March 1995, Vienna. Eur Radiol 5 (Suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hussman K, Reuslo R, Philipps J, et al. (1993) MR mammographic localisation: work in progress. Radiology 189: 915–917

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser WA (1989) Magnetresonanztomographie der Mamma Erfahrungen nach 253 Untersuchungen. D Med Wochenschrift 114: 1351–1357

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser WA (1990) Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging using a double breast coil: an important routine examination of the breast. Front Eur Radiol 7: 39–68

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser WA (1992) MR-Mammographie bei Risikopatientinnen. Fortschr Röntgenstr 156: 576–581

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser WA (1993) MR-Mammography. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser WA, Deimling M (1990) Eine neue Multischicht-Maßsequenz für die komplette dynamische MR-Untersuchung an größeren Organen: Anwendung an der Brust. Fortschr Röntgenstr 152: 577–582

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser WA, Hahn D (1995) Technical pitfalls in dynamic MR-mammography. ERC Congress, March 1995, Vienna. Eur Radiol 5 (Suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser WA, Kess H (1989) Prototyp-Doppelspule für die Mamma-MR-Messung. Fortschr Röntgenstr 151: 103–105

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser WA, Reiser MF (1992) MR mammography: experience with 650 examinations (abstract). SMRI Annual Meeting, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser WA, Zeitler E (1986a) Die Kernspintomographie der Mamma - Diagnose, Differentialdiagnose, Probleme und Lösungsmöglichkeiten Teil I: Untersuchungsverfahren. Fortschr Röntgenstr 144 4: 459–465

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser WA, Zeitler E (1986b) Kernspintomographie der Mamma: Diagnose, Differentialdiagnose, Probleme und Lösungsmöglichkeiten. Teil II: Diagnostik. Fortschr Röntgenstr 144 5: 572–579

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser WA, Zeitler E (1989) MR imaging of the breast: fast imaging sequences with and without Gd-DTPA. Radiology 170: 681–686

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kasumi F (1991) The diagnostic criteria of breast lesions of the Japan Society of Ultrasonics in Medicine and topical issues in the field of breast ultrasonography. In: Kasumi F, Ueno E (eds) Topics in breast ultrasound (in Japanese) Shinohara, Tokyo, pp 19–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Kessler M, Sittek H, Milz P et al. (1995) Dynamic FLASH-3DMRI of the breast: comparison with conventional X-ray-mammography and correlation with pathologic findings. Radiology (submitted for publication)

    Google Scholar 

  • Knopp MV, Junkermann HJ, Sinn P, Dikic S, Hess T, Brix G, van Kaick G (1995a) MR-mammographic appearance of fibrodenomas: radiologic-histologic correlation. ERC Congress, March 1995, Vienna. Eur Radiol 5 (Suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • Knopp MV, Jundermann HJ, sinn P et al. (1995b) Assessment of MR-mammography in patients with screening detected lesions. ERC Congress, March 1995, Vienna. Eur Radiol 5 (Suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • Knopp MV, Hess T, Junkermann HJ et al. (1995c) Clinical evaluation of dynamic MR-mammography with auto-mated processing. 76th DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Suppl 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Knopp MV, Junkermann HJ, Hess T et al. (1995d) MR-Mammographie zum Monitoring von neoadjuvanter Therapie beim Mammacarcinom. 76th DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Suppl 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuhl CK, Kreft BP, Hauswirth A, Gieseke J, Elevelt A, Reiser M, Schild HH (1995a) MR-Mammographie bei 0,5 Tesla, Teil II: Differenzierbarkeit maligner und benigner Läsionen in der MR-Mammographie bei 0,5 und 1,5 Tesla. Fortschr Röntgenstr 162: 482–491

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuhl CK, Elevelt A, Gieseke J, Schild HH (1995b) MRmammographisch gesteuerte stereotaktische Markierung klinisch, mammographisch und sonographisch okkulter Läsionen durch eine Lokalisations-und Biopsiespule. 76th DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Suppl 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuhl CK, Seibert C, Schild HH (1995c) Fokale und diffuse KM-anreichernde Läsionen in der MR-Mammographie bei gesunden Probandinnen: Bandbreite des Normalverhaltens und Zyklusphasenabhängigkeit. 76th DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Suppl 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuhl CK, Deimling M, Bieling HB, Schild HH (1995d) Incrementalbilder in der dynamischen MR-Mammographie: Spielerei oder diagnostisch relevant? 76th DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Suppl 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis-Jones HG, Whitehouse GH, Leinster SJ (1991) The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of local recurrent breast cancer Clin Radiol 43: 197–204

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liberman L, Dershaw D, Rosen PP, Abramson AF, Deutch BM, Hann LE (1994) Streotaxic 14-gauge breast biopsy: how many core biopsy specimens are needed? Radiology 192: 793–795

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lufkin R, Teresi LM, Hanafee W (1987) New needle for MR-guided aspiration cytology of the head and neck. AJR 149: 380–382

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Müller-Schimpfle M, Rieber A, Kurz S, Stern W, Claussen CD (1995a) Dynamische 3-D-MR-Mammographie mit Hilfe einer schnellen Gradienten-Echo-Sequenz. Fortschr Röntgenstr 162: 13–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Müller-Schimpfle M, Stern W, Kurz S, Stoll P, Dammann F, Claussen CD (1995b) 3D-MR-Mammographie im Vergleich mit Mammographie und Sonographie - Ein Diskussionsbeitrag zur Mammadiagnostik heute. 76th DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Suppl 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dellinger H, Heins S, Sander B, Schoenegg W, Flesch U, Meissner R, Felix R (1993) Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI of breast: the most sensitive method for detecting multicentric carcinomas in female breast? Eur Radiol 3: 223–226

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oppelt A, Graumann R, Barfuß H, Fischer H, Hartl W, Schajor W (1986) FISP - Eine neue schnelle Pulssequenz für die Kernspintomographie. Electromedica 54: 15–18

    Google Scholar 

  • Przetak C, Audretsch W, Schnabel T, Rezai M, Hartmann A, Hackländer T, Mödder U (1995) Therapiemonitoring des Mamma-Carcinoms durch Kernspintomographie bei neoadjuvanter Therapie. 76th DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Suppl 1, issue 14)

    Google Scholar 

  • Reuther G (1993) Stellenwert der MR-Mammographie in der Problemfalldiagnostik unklarer Mammabefunde Fortschr Diagn 3: 24–27

    Google Scholar 

  • Revel D, Brasch RC, Paajanen H et al. (1986) Gd-DTPA contrast enhancement and tissue differentiation in MR imaging of experimental breast carcinoma. Radiology 158: 319–323

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rubens D, Totterman S, Chacko AK et al. (1991) Gadopentate dimeglumine-enhanced chemical-shift MR imaging of the breast. AJR 157: 267–270

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schnall MD, Orel S, Torosian M (1992) High resolution MRI of breast lesions in vivo. Soc Magn Reson Med, Berkeley, I, p 952

    Google Scholar 

  • Schreiber W, Brix G, Knopp MV, Hess T, van Kaick G, Lorenz WJ (1995) Magnetization transfer weighted MR imaging of the breast: comparison with three-dimensional Tlw FLASH imaging. ERC Congress, March 1995, Vienna. Eur Radiol 5 (Suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz GF, Patchefsky AF, Feig SA et al. (1980) Multicentricity of nonpalpable breast cancer. Cancer 45: 2913–2916

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwickert HC, van Dijke CF, Roberts TPI et al. (1995) Einsatz der MRT mit makromolekularem Kontrastmittel zur Quantifizierung erhöhter Kapillarpermeabilität in bestrahlten Tumoren und zur Prädiktion einer gesteigerte Akkumulation von Chemotherapeutika. 76th DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Suppl 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sickles EA, Herzog KA (1980) Intramammary scar tissue: a mimic of the mammographic appearance of carcinoma. AJR 135: 350–353

    Google Scholar 

  • Sittek H, Kessler M, Bohmert H, Untch M, Lebeau A, Kohnert M, Reiser M (1995a) MR-mammography: differentiation of dysplasias. ERC Congress, March 1995, Vienna. Eur Radiol 5 (Suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sittek H, Kessler M, Bohmert H, Untch M, Lebeau A, Bredl T, Reiser M (1995b) Breast malignancies: comparison between MR-mammography and mammography. ERC Congress, March 1995, Vienna. Eur Radiol 5 (Suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stack JP, Redmond OM, Codd MB, Dervan PA, Ennis JT (1990) Breast disease: tissue characterization with Gd-DTPA enhancement profiles. Radiology 174: 491–494

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stark DD, Bradley WG (1988) Magnetic resonance imaging. Mosby, St. Louis Stelling CB, Wang PC, Lieber A, Mattingly SS, Griffen WO, Powell DE (1985) Prototype coil for magnetic resonance imaging of the female breast. Radiology 154: 457–462

    Google Scholar 

  • Stelling CB, Powell DE, Mattingly SS (1987) Fibroadenomas: histopathologic and MR imaging features. Radiology 162: 399–407

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stelling CB, Runge VM, Davey DD et al. (1994) Dynamic enhancement of breast MRI at 30 seconds improves discrimination of sclerosing adenosis from invasive breast cancer. J Magn Reson Imaging 4 (P): 90

    Google Scholar 

  • Stomper PC, Recht A, Berenberg AL, Jochelson MS, Harris JR (1987) Mammographic detection of recurrent cancer in the irradiated breast. AJR 148: 39–43

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strohmaier A, Kotzan S, Barkow U, Lenk J, Friedrich M (1995) Evaluation of dynamic magnetic resonance mammography (MRM) with subtraction, parameter pictures and manual definition of the region of interest (ROI). ERC Congress, March 1995, Vienna. Eur Radiol 5 (Suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • Teubner J, Behrens U, Walz M et al. (1995) Dynamische Visualisierung der Kontrastmittelaufnahme bei der Mamma-MRT. 76th DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Supple 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tontsch P, Bauer M, Schulz-Wendtland R, Döinghaus K, Koch T, Lang N (1995) Dynamische MR-Mammographie bei 160 Hochrisikopatientinnen. 76th DRG Kongress, May 1995, Wiesbaden. Radiologe 35 (Suppl 1, issue 4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner DA, Alcorn FS, Shorey WD et al. (1988) Carcinoma of the breast: detection with MR imaging versus xeromammography. Radiology 168: 49–58

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Turner DA, Wang JZ, Economou SG, Cobleigh M, Bloom KJ, Witt TR, Staren E (1993) Functional images from dynamic, contrast-enhanced 3DFT MR Images for the detection of breast cancer. Proc Soc Magn Reson Med. 12th Annual Meeting, August 14–20, 1993, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Utz JA, Herfkens MD, Glover G, Pelc N (1986) Three second initial NMR images using a gradient recall acquisition in a steady state mode ( GRASS ). Magn Reson Imaging 4: 106

    Google Scholar 

  • van Meulen P, Groon JP, Cuppen JJ (1985) Very fast MR imaging by field echoes and small angle excitation. Magn Reson Imaging 3: 297–299

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weidner N, Semple J, Welch W, Folkman J (1991) Tumor angiogenesis and metastasis: correlation in invasive breast carcinoma. N Engl J Med 324: 1–7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weidner N, Folkman J, Pozza F et al. (1992) Tumor angiogenesis: a new significant and independent prognostic indicator in early-stage breast carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 84: 1875–1887

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wiener JI, Chako AC, Merten CW, Gross S, Coffey EL, Stein HL (1986) Breast and axillary tissue MR imaging: correlation of signal intensities and relaxation times with pathologic findings. Radiology 160: 299–305

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilhelm K, Grebe P, Teifke A, Halbsguth A, Mitze M, Thelen M (1992) Das lobuläre Mammakarzinom in der Kernspintomographie. Ein Fallbeispiel. Akt Radiol 2: 373–375

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolfmen NT, Moran R, Moran PR, Karstaedt N (1985) Simultaneous magnetic resonance imaging of both breasts using a dedicated receiver coil. Radiology 155: 241–243

    Google Scholar 

  • Zapf S, Halbsguth A, Brunier A, Mitze M, Klemencic J, Wilhelm K (1991) Möglichkeiten der Magnetresonanztomographie in der Diagnostik nicht palpabler Mammatumoren. Fortschr Röntgenstr 154: 106–110

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Krankenhaus Am Urban, Dieffenbachstraße 1, 10967, Berlin, Germany

    M. Friedrich MD (Professor)

Authors
  1. M. Friedrich MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Krankenhaus Am Urban, Dieffenbachstraße 1, 10967, Berlin, Germany

    Michael Friedrich MD (Professor) (Professor)

  2. Department of Radiology, University of California Medical Center, Box 1667, San Francisco, CA, 94143-1667, USA

    Edward A. Sickles MD (Professor) (Professor)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Friedrich, M. (2000). Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Breast. In: Friedrich, M., Sickles, E.A. (eds) Radiological Diagnosis of Breast Diseases. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60919-0_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60919-0_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-66339-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-60919-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation