Abstract
For evaluation of injuries to the knee, the minimum standard radiographic views include anteroposterior and lateral radiographs.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Aitken AP, Magill HK (1952) Fractures involving the distal femoral epiphyseal cartilage. J. Bone Jt Surg [Am] 34: 96–108
Aitken AP, Smith L, Blackett CW (1943) Supracondylar fractures in children. Am J Surg 59: 161–171
Apple JS, Martinez S, Allen NB, Caldwell DS, Rice JR (1983) Occult fractures of the knee: tomographic evaluation. Radiology 148: 383–387
Bauer G, Gustafsson M, Mortensson W, Norman 0 (1981) Insufficiency fractures in the tibial condyles in elderly individuals. Acta Radiol Diagn 22: 619–622
Baumgartl F (1964) Das Kniegelenk: Erkrankungen, Verletzungen und ihre Behandlung mit Hinweisen auf die Begutachtung, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Baxter MP, Wiley JJ (1988) Fractures of the tibial spine in children. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 70: 228
Berquist TH (1992) Imaging of orthopedic trauma, 2nd edn. Raven Press, New York
Brossmann J, Muhle C, Schröder C, Melchert UH, Spielmann RP, Heller M (1993) Motion-triggered cine MR imaging: evaluation of patellar tracking patterns during active and passive knee extension. Radiology 187: 205–212
Butt WP, Lederman H, Chuang S (1983) Radiology of the suprapatellar region. Clin Radiol 34: 511–522
Cockshott WP, Racoveanu NT, Burrows DA, Ferrier M (1985) Use of radiographic projections of knee. Skeletal Radiol 13: 131–133
Crues JV, Stoller DW (1993) The menisci. In: Mink JH, Reicher MA, Crues JV, Deutsch AL (eds) MRI of the knee. Raven Press, New York, pp 91–140
Crues JV IIIrd, Mink J, Levy TL et al. (1987) Meniscal tears of the knee: accuracy of MR imaging. Radiology 164: 445–448
Daffner RH, Tabas JH (1987) Trauma oblique radiographs of the knee. J Bone Jt Surg [Am] 69: 568–572
De Smet AA, Norris MA, Yandow DR (1993) MR diagnosis of meniscal tears of the knee: importance of high signal in the meniscus that extends to the surface. AJR 161: 101–107
Dietz GW, Wilcox DM, Montgomery JB (1986) Segond tibial condyle fracture. Lateral capsular ligament avulsion. Radiology 159: 467–469
Dovey H, Herfordt J (1971) Tibial condyle fractures. Acta Chir Scand 137: 521–531
Dowd GSE, Bentley G (1986) Radiographic assessment in patellar instability and chondromalacia patellae. J Bone Jt Surg [Br] 68: 297–300
Elstrom J, Pankovich AM, Sassoon H, Rodriquez J (1976) The use of tomography in the assessment of fractures of the tibial plateau. J Bone Jt Surg [Am] 58: 551–555
Engber W (1977) Stress fractures of the medial tibial plateau. J Bone Jt Surg [Am] 59: 767–769
Frangakis EK (1974) Intra-articular dislocation of the patella. J Bone Jt Surg [Am] 56: 423–424
Freiberger RH, Kotzen LM (1967) Fracture of the medial margin of the patella, a finding diagnostic of lateral dislocation. Radiology 88: 902–904
Gilley JS, Gelman MI, Edson DM, Metcalf RW (1981) Chondral fractures of the knee. Radiology 138: 51–54
Green NE, Allen BL (1977) Vascular injuries associated with dislocation of the knee. J Bone Jt Surg [Am] 59: 236–239
Henard DC, Bobo RT (1983) Avulsion fractures of the tibial tubercle in adolescents. Clin Orthop 177: 182–187
Hohl M (1967) Tibial condylar fractures. J Bone Jt Surg [Am] 49: 1455–1467
Hohl M, Larson RL (1975) Fractures and dislocations of the knee. In: Rockwood CA, Green DP (eds) Fractures. Lippincott, Philadelphia, p 1131
Insall J, Salvati E (1971) Patella position in the normal knee joint. Radiology 101: 101–104
Jacobsen K (1976) Stress radiographical measurement of the anteroposterior, medial and lateral stability of the knee joint. Acta Orthop Scand 47: 335–344
Johnson-Nurse C, Dandy DJ (1985) Fracture-separation of articular cartilage in the adult knee. J Bone Jt Surg [Br] 67: 42–43
Kimbrough EE (1961) Concomitant unilateral hip and femoral-shaft fractures-a too frequently unrecognized syndrome. J Bone Jt Surg [Am] 43: 443–449
Kuner EH (1975) Die distale Oberschenkelfraktur: Ursachen, Formen und Begleitverletzungen der distalen Oberschenkelfraktur. H Unfallheilkd 120: 1–8
Lancourt JE, Cristini JA (1975) Patella alta und patella infera. Their etiological role in patellar dislocation, chondromalacia, and apophysitis of the tibial tubercle. J Bone Jt Surg [Am] 57: 1112–1115
Laurin CL, Levesque HP, Dussault R, Labell H, Peide JP (1978) The abnormal lateral patellofemoral angle. A diagnostic roentgenographic sign of recurrent patellar subluxation. J Bone Jt Surg [Am] 60: 55–60
Lee JK, Yao L, Pheleps CT (1988) Anterior cruciate ligaments tears: MR imaging compared with arthroscopy and clinical tests. Radiology 166: 861–864
Letts M, Vincent N, Gouw G (1986) The “floating knee” in children. J Bone Jt Surg [Br] 68: 442–446
Magerl F (1975) II. Die Patellafraktur: Das patellofemorale Gelenk. Ursachen, Formen und Begleitverletzungen der Patellafraktur. H Unfallheilkd 120: 45–60
Merchant AC, Mercer RL, Jacobsen RH, Cool CR (1974) Roentgenographic analysis of patellofemoral congruence. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 56: 1391–1396
Meyers MH, McKeever FM (1959) Fracture of the intercondylar eminence of the tibia. J Bone Jt Surg [Am] 41: 209–220
Milgram JW, Rogers LF, Miller JW (1978) Osteochondral fractures: mechanisms of injury and fate of fragments. Am J Roentgenol 130: 651–658
Mink JH (1993) The cruciate and collateral ligaments. In: Mink JH, Reicher MA, Crues JV, Deutsch AL (eds) MRI of the knee. Raven Press, New York, pp 141–188
Mink JH, Levy T, Crues JV Iiird (1988) Tears of the anterior cruciate ligament and menisci of the knee: MR imaging evaluation. Radiology 167: 769–774
Molander ML, Wallin G, Wilkstad I (1981) Fracture of the intercondylar eminence of the tibia. A review of 35 patients. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 63: 89–91
Moore TM, Harvey JP (1974) Roentgenographic measurement of tibial-plateau depression due to fracture. J Bone Jt Surg [Am] 56: 155–160
Muhle C, Brossmann J, Heller M (1995) Funktionelle MRT des Femoropatellargelenkes. Radiologe 35: 117–124
Nance EP, Kaye JJ (1982) Injuries of the quadriceps mechanism. Radiology 142: 301–307
Newberg AH, Greenstein R (1978) Radiographic evaluation of tibial plateau fractures. Radiology 126: 319–323
Nicolet A (1965) Die Meniskusverletzung bei Tibiakopffrakturen. Langenbecks Arch Klin Chir 313: 544–545
Ogden JA (1974)Subluxation and dislocation of the proximal tibiofibular joint. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 56:145–154
Ogden JA, Tross RB, Murphy MJ (1980) Fractures of the tibial tuberosity in adolescents. J Bone Jt Surg [Am] 62: 205–215
Porter BB (1970) Crush fractures of the lateral tibial table. J Bone Jt Surg [Br] 52: 676–687
Rafii M, Firooznia H, Golimbu C, Bonamo J (1984) Computed tomography of tibial plateau fractures. Am J Roentgenol 142: 1181–1186
Resnick D (1995) Diagnosis of bone and joint disorders, 3rd edn. Saunders, Philadelphia
Reuter M, Heller M, Ahlers J (1993) Kniegelenk, distales Femur and proximale Tibia. In: Thelen M, Ritter G, Bücheler E (eds) Radiologische Diagnostik der Verletzungen von Knochen and Gelenken. Thieme, Stuttgart
Rockwood CA, Wilkens KE, King RE (1991) Fractures in children, 3rd edn. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Rogers LF (1992) Radiology of skeletal trauma. Churchill Livingstone, New York
Salter RB, Harris WR (1963) Injuries involving the epiphyseal plate. J Bone Jt Surg [Am] 45: 587–622
Satku K, Kumar VP, Chacha PB (1990) Stress fractures around the knee in elderly patients. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 72: 9189–22
Scharf W, Wagner M, Schabus R (1983) Zur Entstehung, Diagnostik and Behandlung der Kniescheibenverrenkung. Unfallheilkunde 86: 16–21
Schild H, Müller HA, Menke W (1983) Die Tibiakopffraktur eine CT-Indikation? Fortschr Röntgenstr 139: 135–142
Settegast H (1921) Typische Röntgenbilder von normalen Menschen. Lehmanns Med Atlanton 5: 211
Shellock FG, Foo THF, Deutsch AL, Mink JH (1991) Patellofemoral joint: evaluation during active flexion with ultrafast spoiled GRASS MR imaging. Radiology 180: 581–585
Shellock FG, Mink JH, Fox JM (1993) Patellofemoral joint: kinematic MR imaging to assess patellar tracking abnormalities. Radiology 168: 551–553
Sonin AH, Fitzgerald SW, Friedman H (1994) Posterior cruciate ligament injury: MR imaging diagnosis and patters of injury. Radiology 2: 445–458
Spritzer CE, Vogler JB, Martinez S, Garret WE, Johnson GA, McNamara MJ, Lohnes J, Herfkens RF (1988) MR imaging of the knee: Preliminary results with a 3 DFT GRASS pulse sequence. Am J Roentgenol 150: 597–603
Stallenberg B, Genenois PA, Sintzhoff SA et al. (1993) Fracture of the posterior aspect of the lateral tibial plateau: radiographic sign of anterior cruciate ligament tear. Radiology 187: 821–825
Stanford W, Phelan J, Kathol MH, Rooholamini SA, El-Koury GY, Palutsis GR, Albright JP (1988) Patellofemoral joint motion: evaluation by ultrafast computed tomography. Skeletal Radiol 17: 487–492
Stoller DW (1993) The knee. In: Stoller DW (ed) Magnetic resonance imaging in orthopaedics and sports medicine. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Stoller DW, Martin C, Crues JV III (1987) Meniscal tears, pathologic correlation with MRI Radiology 163: 731–735
Tung GA, Davis LM, Wiggins ME (1993) Tears of the anterior cruciate ligament: primary and secondary signs at MR imaging. Radiology 188: 661–667
Vahey TN, Broome DR, Kayes KJ (1991) Acute and chronic tears of the anterior cruciate ligament: differential features at MR imaging. Radiology 181: 251–253
Watson-Jones R (1955) Fractures and joint injuries, 4th edn, vol 2. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
Wiberg G (1941) Roentgenographic and anatomic studies on the femoropatellar joint. Acta Orthop Scand 12: 319–410
Wilppula E, Bakalim G (1972) Ligamentous tear concomitant with tibial condylar fracture. Acta Orthop Scand 43; 292–300
Zeiss J, Saddemi SR, Ebraheim NA (1992) MR imaging of the quadriceps tendon: normal layered configuration and its importance in cases of tendon rupture. Am J Roentgenol 159: 1031–1034
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Muhle, C., Reuter, M., Heller, M. (2000). Knee, Including Distal Femur, Proximal Tibia, and Fibula. In: Heller, M., Fink, A. (eds) Radiology of Trauma. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60917-6_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60917-6_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-66338-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-60917-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive