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Vagale Wirkungen von β-Blockern verhüten lebensbedrohliche Arrhythmien

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Betablocker — im Mittelpunkt der Forschung
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Zusammenfassung

Es ist sehr gut belegt, daß β-Blocker die Mortalität nach einem Myokardinfarkt vermindern [1]. β-Blocker reduzieren vor allem die Inzidenz des plötzlichen Herztods — eine Wirkung, die andere antiischämische Medikamente nicht aufweisen. Die für diesen offensichtlich antiarrhythmischen Effekt verantwortlichen Mechanismen sind bisher nicht geklärt. Die Reduktion des plötzlichen Herztods in klinischen Präventionsstudien findet sich vor allem im Zusammenhang mit lipophilen β-Blockern. Der Nutzen ist unter β-Blockern mit ausgeprägter Verteilung im Zentralnervensystem (ZNS), wie Timolol, Propranolol und Metoprolol, weitaus größer als unter hydrophilen β-Blockern, die eine sehr viel geringere ZNS-Verteilung aufweisen. Die für diesen Unterschied verantwortlichen Mechanismen sind unklar. Experimentelle Daten weisen darauf hin, daß zentrale autonome Mechanismen verantwortlich sein könnten. Die intrazerebrale Injektion eines β-Blockers reduziert die kardiale Vulnerabilität gegenüber belastenden externen und internen Inputs [2] über eine β-Blockade in verschiedenen Bereichen des Gehirns. β-Blocker, die in das ZNS penetrieren, müßten daher theoretisch diese günstigen Wirkungen aufweisen.

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© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Mølgaard, H. (1997). Vagale Wirkungen von β-Blockern verhüten lebensbedrohliche Arrhythmien. In: Dominiak, P., Hjalmarson, A., Kendall, M.J., Kübler, W., Olsson, G. (eds) Betablocker — im Mittelpunkt der Forschung. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60716-5_28

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60716-5_28

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64522-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-60716-5

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