Abstract
Traces occur particularly in calculations of average expectation values using density operators. The average expectation value of the spin energy with the Hamiltonian H, for instance, is given by
With NMR or NQR problems one is mainly dealing with traces of products and sums of spin operators. Some of the following rules apply also to arbitrary operators (designated here as O and P).
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© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Kimmich, R. (1997). Rules for Traces. In: NMR. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60582-6_43
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60582-6_43
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64465-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-60582-6
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