Summary
Glial homeostatic mechanisms are involved in neuronal protection during the early phase of cerebral ischemia. These protective effects include, among others, glutamate uptake and the regulation of pH in the extracellular space of the brain. Uptake of glutamate goes along with glial swelling, as does the elimination of protons from the glial cytosol. Five transport systems interact in order to maintain a normal intra- and extracellular pH in the brain.
From our in vitro data we conclude that in vivo these transport systems are heterogeneously distributed over the glial membrane, thereby allowing for a compartmental buffering function of glia. During reperfusion the action of these homeostatic mechanisms may aggravate cytotoxic glial swelling, and thereby impede reperfusion.
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Kempski, O., Volk, C. (1997). Glial Protection Against Neuronal Damage. In: Ito, U., Kirino, T., Kuroiwa, T., Klatzo, I. (eds) Maturation Phenomenon in Cerebral Ischemia II. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60546-8_18
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60546-8_18
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