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Alternative Gases in Laparoscopic Surgery

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Book cover The Pathophysiology of Pneumoperitoneum

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Abstract

Visualization within the peritoneal cavity requires space in which to emit light, receive the nonabsorbed light, and maneuver. In laparoscopic surgery this is accomplished by filling the peritoneal cavity with a gas that distends the abdominal wall. The history of laparoscopy is replete with efforts to use many different gases for establishing pneumoperitoneum, including room air, nitrous oxide, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. The ideal gas for pneumoperitoneum should be nontoxic, colorless, readily soluble in blood, easily ventilated through the lungs, nonflammable, and inexpensive. Carbon dioxide is the standard gas used for pneumoperitoneum. The reason for this is that both oxygen and air are not absorbed as readily and therefore are more likely to result in death if an air embolism occurs. Nitrous oxide is dangerous because of unpredictable and uncontrollable absorption into the bloodstream. Moreover, oxygen and nitrous oxide support combustion if mixed with methane and have been associated with instances of intra-abdominal explosion [1–4].

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Authors
  1. A. Lacy
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  2. X. Sala Blanch
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  3. J. Visa
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Medical Center, One L. Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029-6574, USA

    Raul J. Rosenthal M.D.

  2. The Mount Sinai Hospital, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One L. Gustave Place, New York, NY, 10029-6574, USA

    Raul J. Rosenthal M.D.

  3. Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Medical Center, 16th Street and 1st. Ave, New York, NY, 10002, USA

    Richard L. Friedman M.D.

  4. Division of Endoscopic Surg., Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA

    Edward H. Phillips M.D., F.A.C.S.

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© 1998 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Lacy, A., Blanch, X.S., Visa, J. (1998). Alternative Gases in Laparoscopic Surgery. In: Rosenthal, R.J., Friedman, R.L., Phillips, E.H. (eds) The Pathophysiology of Pneumoperitoneum. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60290-0_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60290-0_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64339-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-60290-0

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