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Prognostic Factors in Bladder Cancer: Emphasis on Immunohistochemical Analysis

  • Chapter
Carcinoma of the Bladder

Part of the book series: Medical Radiology ((Med Radiol Radiat Oncol))

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Abstract

Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder is the second most common malignancy of the genitourinary tract, and the second most common cause of death among all genitourinary tumors. In 1996, it is estimated that 52900 new cases of the disease will be diagnosed, with 11 700 of these patients projected to die from the disease (Parker et al. 1996). Approximately 80% of patients with primary bladder cancer present with low-grade tumors confined to the superficial mucosa. The risk of superficial recurrence in patients with bladder tumors confined to the mucosa is 70%, with the majority of cancers amenable to initial transurethral resection and selected administration of intravesical immuno- or chemotherapy (Crawford and Davis 1987; Skinner and Lieskovsky 1988; Droller 1990). Unfortunately, as many as 30% of these recurrent tumors demonstrate tumor progression with higher grade and/or stage disease. Furthermore, nearly 30% of all patients with bladder cancer initially present muscle invasive tumors; 50% of these patients who are treated locally for their invasive tumors will relapse with metastatic disease within 2 years (Skinner and Lieskovsky 1988). These data clearly underscore the heterogeneous nature and malignant capabilities of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, University of Southern California, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA

    J. P. Stein MD (Assistant Professor)

  2. Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA

    R. J. Cote MD (Associate Professor of Pathology and Urology)

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  1. J. P. Stein MD
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  2. R. J. Cote MD
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Southern California, USC/Norris Cancer Center, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA

    Zbigniew Petrovich MD, FACR (Professor and Chairman) (Professor and Chairman)

  2. Department of Urology, UZ Gasthuisberg, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium

    Luc Baert MD, PhD (Professor and Chairman) (Professor and Chairman)

  3. Department of Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Allegheny University Hospitals, Center City, Mail Stop 200, Broad & Vine Sts., Philadelphia, PA, 19102-1192, USA

    Luther W. Brady MD (Professor) (Professor)

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© 1998 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Stein, J.P., Cote, R.J. (1998). Prognostic Factors in Bladder Cancer: Emphasis on Immunohistochemical Analysis. In: Petrovich, Z., Baert, L., Brady, L.W. (eds) Carcinoma of the Bladder. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60258-0_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60258-0_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64323-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-60258-0

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