Abstract
The potential advantages of calcium antagonists in patients recovering from acute myocardial infarction include their potent systemic and coronary vasodilator properties, the anti-arrhythmic properties of drugs such as verapamil and diltiazem, and the possible beneficial effect of calcium channel blocking drugs on myocardial calcium handling and ventricular diastolic function [1]. To minimize the myocardial depressant effect which characterized the first-generation calcium antagonists [2–5], second and third-generation vasoselective drugs with enhanced safety profile and a longer duration of action were developed [6]. The newer calcium antagonists may be associated with a more favorable neurohormonal profile [7–9].
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Lorell BH, Paulus WJ, Grossman W, Wynne J, Cohn PF (1982) Modification of abnormal left ventricular diastolic properties by nifedipine in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation 65: 499–507
Friedel HA, Sorkin EM (1988) Nisoldipine. A preliminary review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmakokinetic properties and therapeutic efficiency in the treatment of angina pectoris, hypertension and related cardiovascular disorders. Drugs 36: 682–731
Nakaya H, Hattori Y, Nakao Y, Kanno M (1988) Cardiac versus vascular effects of a new dihydropyridine derivative, CV-4093. In vitro comparison with other calcium antagonists. Eur J Pharmacol 146: 35–43
Lewis BS, Shefer A, Merdier A, Flugelman MY, Hardoff R, Halon DA (1988) Effect of the second-generation calcium channel blocker nisoldipine on left ventricular contractility in cardiac failure. Am Heart J 115: 1238–1244
Kimball BP, Watson KR, Bui S, Frankel D (1990) Preservation of left ventricular performance with reduced ischemic dysfunction by intravenous nisoldipine. Am J Cardiol 66: 400–405
Lewis BS (1996) Calcium antagonists in patients with left ventricular dysfunction: Back on the bridge? J Cardiac Failure 2: S259 - S265
Dunselman PHJM, Kuntze CEE, van Bruggen A, Hamer JPM, Scaf AHJ, Wesseling H, Lie KI (1989) Efficacy of felodipine in congestive heart failure. Eur Heart J 10: 354–364
Kassis E, Amtorp O (1990) Long-term clinical, haemodynamic, angiographic, and neurohumoral responses to vasodilation with felodipine in patients with chronic congestive heart failure J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 15: 347–352
Packer M, Nicod P, Khondheria BR, Costello DL, Wasserman AG, Konstam MA, Weiss RJ, Moyer RR, Pinsky DJ, Abittan MH, Souhrada JF (1991) Randomized multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of amlodipine in patients with mild to moderate heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 17:274 A
Godfraind T (1994) Cardioselectivity of calcium antagonists. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 8: 353–364
Godfraind T, Salomone S, Dessy C, Verhelst B, Dion R, Schoevaerts JC (1992) Selectivity scale of calcium antagonists in the human cardiovascular system based on in vitro studies. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 20 (Suppl 5): 34–41
Heusch G (1994) Ischemia-selectivity: a new concept of cardioprotection by calcium antagonists. Basic Res Cardiol 89: 2–5
Knorr AM (1995) Why is nisoldipine a specific agent in ischemic left ventricular dysfunction? Am J Cardiol 75: 36E - 40E
Aschenberg W, Nienaber C, Spielmann R, Fehr A, Clausen A, Bleifeld W (1987) Acute hemodynamic response of intravenous nisoldipine (Bay k5552) versus nifedipine in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. In: Hugenholtz PG, Meyer JD (eds) Nisoldipine 1987. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 263–263
Bopp P, Divernois J, Noble J, Gabathuler J (1987) Acute hemodynamic effects of intravenous nisoldipine in patients with left ventricular failure. In: Hugenholtz PG, Meyer JD (eds) Nisoldipine 1987. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 179–182
Kiowski W, Erne P, Pfisterer M, Muller J, Buhler FR, Burkart F (1987) Hemodynamic effects of nisoldipine in patients with severe chronic congestive heart failure. In: Hugenholtz PG, Meyer JD (eds) Nisoldipine 1987. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 329–342
Lewis BS, Shefer A, Merdler A, Flugelman MY, Hardoff R, Halon DA (1987) Acute effects of intravenous nisoldipine on hemodynamics and left ventricular function in cardiac failure In: Hugenholtz PG, Meyer JD (eds) Nisoldipine 1987. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 315–323
Pouleur H, van Eyll C, Gurne O, Rousseau MF (1992) Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the changes in left ventricular filling dynamics during oral nisoldipine therapy in patients with anterior myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 13: 952–959
Wilcox RG, Hampton JR, Banks DC, Birkhead JS, Brooksby IAB, Burns-Cox CJ, Hayes MJ, Joy MD, Malcolm AD, Mather HG, Rowley JM (1986) Trial of early nifedipine in acute myocardial infarction: the TRENT study. Br Med J 293: 1204–1208
The Israeli Sprint Study Group (1988) Secondary prevention reinfarction Israeli nifedipine trial (SPRINT): a randomised intervention trial of nifedipine in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 9: 354–364
Goldbourt U, Behar S, Reicher-Reiss H, Zion MM, Mandelzweig L, Kaplinsky E, for the SPRINT Study Group (1993) Early administration of nifedipine in suspected acute myocardial infarction. The secondary prevention reinfarction Israel nifedipine trial 2 study. Arch Int Med 153: 345–353
The Multicenter Diltiazem Postinfarction Trial Research Group (1988) The effect of diltiazem on mortality and reinfarction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 319: 385–392
The Danish Study Group on verapamil in myocardial infarction (1990) Effect of verapamil on mortality and major events after acute myocardial infarction (The Danish verapamil infarction trial II–DAVIT II). Am J Cardiol 66: 779–785
The DEFIANT Research Group (1992) Improved diastolic function with the calcium antagonist nisoldipine (coat-core) in patients post-myocardial infarction: results of the DEFIANT study. Eur Heart J 13: 1496–1505
The DEFIANT Research Group (1997) Doppler flow and echocardiography in functional cardiac insufficiency: assessment of nisoldipine therapy. Results of the DEFIANT-II study. Eur Heart J 18: 31–40
Lewis BS, Emmott SN, Smyllie J, MacNeil AB, Lubsen J, and the DEFIANT Study Group (1993) Left ventricular systolic and diastolic function and exercise capacity 6 to 8 weeks after acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 72: 149–153
Brunelli C, Parodi O, Sambuceti G, Corsiglia L, Rosa GM, Giorgetti A, Bezante GP, Nista N, Caponnetto S (1995) Perfusional and metabolic effects of nisoldipine as shown by positron emission tomography after acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 75: 31E - 35E
Schulz R, Rose J, Martin C, Brodde O-E, Heusch G (1993) Development of short-term myocardial hibernation. Its limitation by the severity of ischemia and isotropic stimulation. Circulation 88: 684–695
Brutsaert DL, Sys SU (1989) Relaxation and diastole of the heart. Phys Rev 69: 1228–1315
Marban E (1991) Myocardial stunning and hibernation. The physiology behind the colloquialisms. Circulation 83: 681–688
Sheiban I, Tonni S, Benussi P, Marini A, Trevi GP (1993) Left ventricular dysfunction following transient ischemia induced by transluminal coronary angioplasty. Beneficial effects of calcium antagonists against post-ischemic myocardial stunning. Eur Heart J 14 (Suppl A): 14–21
Furberg CD, Psaty BM, Meyer JV (1995) Nifedipine: dose related increase in mortality in patients with coronary heart disease. Circulation 92: 1326–1331
Psaty BM, Heckbert SR, Koepsell TD, Siscovick DS, Raghunathan TE, Weiss NS, Rosendaal FR, Lemaitre RN, Smith NL, Wahl PW, Wagner EH, Furberg CD (1995) The risk of myocardial infarction associated with antihypertensive drug therapies. JAMA 274: 620–625
Elkayam U, Roth A, Hsueh W, Weber L, Freidenberger L, Rahimtoola SH (1986) Neurohumoral consequences of vasodilator therapy with hydralazine and nifedipine in severe congestive heart failure. Am Heart J 111: 1130–1138
Packer M (1990) Calcium channel blockers in chronic heart failure. The risks of “physiologically rational therapy”. Circulation 82: 2254–2257
Lewis BS (1995) Efficacy and safety of nisoldipine-CC in the management of angina pectoris, systemic hypertension and ischemic ventricular dysfunction. Am J Cardiol 75: 46E - 53E
Cohn JN, Ziesche S, Smith R, Anand I, Dunkman WB, Loeb H, Cintron G, Boden W, Baruch L, Rochin P, Loss L (1997) Effect of the calcium antagonist felodipine as supplementary vasodilator therapy in patients with chronic heart failure treated with enalapril: V-HeFT III. Vasodilator-Heart Failure Trial (V-HeFT) Study Group. Circulation 96: 856–863
Packer M, O’Connor CM, Ghali JK, Pressler ML, Carson PE, Belkin RN, Miller AB, Neuberg GW, Frid D, Wertheimer JH, Cropp AB, De Mets DL (1996) Effect of amlodipine on morbidity and mortality in severe chronic heart failure. Prospective Randomized Amlodipine Survival Evaluation Study Group. N Engl J Med 335: 1107–1114
Boden WE (1998) INTERCEPT Study. AHA, Dallas, Hotline Session
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Merdler, A., Halon, D.A., Flugelman, M.Y., Lewis, B.S. (1999). Use of Calcium Antagonists After Myocardial Infarction: Focus on the DEFIANT Studies. In: Rousseau, M.F. (eds) Nisoldipine Coat-Core. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60220-7_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60220-7_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-66049-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-60220-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive