Abstract
Peptides synthesized on continuous cellulose membranes by the spot synthesis technique (Frank et al. 1992) have been increasingly used to study molecular recognition events. The application of these positionally addressable peptide libraries include investigating protein/protein (literature cited throughout the text), protein/DNA (Kramer et al. 1993; Reuter et al. 1998) and protein/metal interactions (Malin et al. 1995). In addition, substrate specificities of kinases (Toomik et al. 1996; Tegge et al. 1998; Mukhija et al. 1998), proteases (Duan and Laursen 1994; Kramer et al. 1998; Reineke et al. 1999) and chaperones (Rüdiger et al. 1997) have been determined. In this chapter we review protein sequence- and library-based approaches to map linear and discontinuous antibody/antigen and receptor/ligand contact sites using the spot synthesis technique.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adam-Klages S, Adam D, Wiegmann K, Struve S, Kolanus W, Schneider-Mergener J, Krönke, M. (1996) The novel human TNF-receptor p55-associated WD-repeat protein FAN mediates neutral SMase activation. Cell 86: 937–947
Cabilly S (ed) (1998) Combinatorial peptide library protocols. Meth Mol Biol 87, Humana Press, Totowa, USA
Cortese R (ed) (1996) Combinatorial libraries (synthesis, screening and application potential). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/New York
Dong L, Schneider-Mergener J, Kramer A (1999) A novel type of amino acid property matrix based on functional studies of 68 continuous epitopes. Peptides 1998
Duan Y, Laursen RA (1993) Protease substrate specificity mapping using membrane-bound peptides. Anal Biochem 216: 431–438
Frank R (1992) Spot synthesis: An easy technique for the positionally addressable, parallel chemical synthesis on a membrane support. Tetrahedron 48: 9217–9232
Frank R, Overwin H (1996) Spot synthesis: Epitope analysis with arrays of synthetic peptides prepared on cellulose membranes. Meth Mol Biol 66: 149–169
Gao B, Esnouf MP (1996) Multiple interactive residues of recognition. J Immunol 157: 183–188
Geysen HM, Meloen RH, Barteling SJ (1984) Use of peptide synthesis to probe viral antigens for epitopes to resolution of a single amino acid. Proc Natl Acad Sei USA 81: 3998–4002
Geysen HM, Rodda SJ, Mason TJ (1986) A priori delineation of a peptide which mimics a discontinuous antigenic determinant. Mol Immunol 23: 709–715
Geysen HM, Mason TJ, Rodda SJ (1988) Cognitive features of continuous antigenic determinants. J Mol Recognition 1: 32–41
Hoeprich Jr PD, Langton BC, Zhang J-W Tam JP (1989) Identification of immunodominant regions of transforming growth factor a. J Biol Chem 264: 19086–19091
Höhne WE, Küttner G, Kießig S, Hausdorf G, Grunow R, Winkler K, Wessner H, Gießmann E, Stigler R, Schneider-Mergener J, v.Baehr R, Schomburg D. (1993). Structural base of the interaction of a monoclonal antibody against p24 of HIV-1 with its peptide epitope. Mol Immunol 30: 1213–1221
Hoffmann S, Frank R (1994) A new safety-catch peptide-resin linkage for the direct release of peptides into aqueous buffers. Tetrahedron Lett 35: 7763–7766
Hoffmüller U, Russwurm M, Kleinjung F, Ashurst J, Vokmer-Engert R, Oschkinat H, Koesling D, Schneider-Mergener J (1999) Interactions of a PDZ domain with a synthetic library of all human protein C-termini. Angewandte Chemie Int Ed Engl
Haughten RA (1985) General method for the rapid aolid-phase synthesis of large numbers of peptides: Specificity of antigen-antibody interaction at the level of individual amino acids. Proc Natl. Acad Sci VSA 82: 5131–5135
Jones S, Thornton JM (1996) Principles of protein-protein interactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 13–20
Jung G (ed) (1996) Combinatorial peptide and nonpeptide libraries. VCH, Weinheim, Germany
Keitel T, Kramer A, Wessner H, Scholz C, Schneider-Mergener J, Höhne W (1997) Crystallographic analysis of anti-p24 (HIV-1) monoclonal antibody cross reactivity and polyspecificity. Cell 91: 811–820
Korth C, Stierli B, Streit P, Moser M, Schaller O, Fischer R, Schulz-Schaeffer W, Kretzschmar H, Raeber A, Braun U, Ehrensperger F, Hornemann S, Glockshuber R, Rick R, Billeter M, Wüthrich K, Oesch B (1997) Prion ( PrPs)-specific epitope defined by a monoclonal antibody. Nature 390: 74–77
Kramer A, Volkmer-Engert R, Malin R, Reineke U, Schneider-Mergener J (1993) Simultaneous synthesis of peptide libraries on single resin and continuous membrane supports: identification of protein, metal and DNA binding peptide mixtures. Peptide Res 6: 314–319
Kramer A, Schuster A, Reineke U, Malin R, Volkmer-Engert R, Landgraf C, Schneider-Mergener J (1994) Combinatorial cellulose-bound peptide libraries: screening tool for the identification of peptides that bind ligands with predefined specificity. METHODS (Comp Meth Enzymol) 6: 388–395
Kramer A, Schneider-Mergener J (1995) Highly complex combinatorial cellulose-bound peptide libraries for the detection of antibody epitopes. In: Maia HLS (ed) Peptides 1994, Proceedings of the Twenty-Third European Peptide Symposium. ESCOM, Leiden, 475–476
Kramer A, Vacalopolou E, Schleuning WD, Schneider-Mergener J (1995) A general route to fingerprint analyses of peptide-antibody interactions using a clustered amino acid peptide library: comparison with a phage display library. Mol Immunol 32: 459–465
Kramer A, Keitel T, Höhne W, Schneider-Mergener J (1997) Molecular basis for the binding promiscuity of an anti-p24 (HIV-1) monoclonal antibody. Cell 91: 799–809
Kramer A, Schneider-Mergener J (1998) Synthesis and application of peptide libraries bound to continuous cellulose membranes. Meth Mol Biol 87: 25–39
Kramer A, Affeldt M, Volkmer-Engert R, Schneider-Mergener J (1998) A novel type of protease cleavage assay based on cellulose-bound peptide libraries. In: Bajusz S, Hudesz S (eds) Peptides 1998, Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth European Peptide Symposium. Mayflower Scientific Ltd., Kingswinford
Laune D, Molina F. Ferneres G, Mani JC, Cohen P, Simon D, Bernardi T, Piechaczyk M, Pau B, Granier C (1997) Systematic exploration of the antigen binding activity of synthetic peptides isolated from the variable regions of immunoglobulins. J Biol Chem 272: 30937–30944
Malin R, Steinbrecher A, Semmler W, Noll B, Johannsen B, Frömmel C, Höhne W, Schneider-Mergener J (1995) Identification of technetium-99 m binding peptides using cellulose-bound combinatorial peptide libraries. J Am Chem Soc 117: 11821–11822
Molina F, Laune D, Gougat C, Pau B, Granier C (1996) Improved performances of spot multiple peptide synthesis. Pept Res 9: 151–155
Morris GE (1996) Choosing a method for epitope mapping. In: Morris GE (ed) Epitope Mapping Protocols.Humana Press, Totowa NJ
Mukhija S, Genneroth L, Schneider-Mergener J, Erni B (1998) Identification of enzyme I inhibitors of the bacterial phototransferase system using combinatorial cellulose-bound peptide libraries. Eur J Biochem 254: 433–438
Pavia MR, Sawyer TK, Moos WH (1993). The generation of molecular diversity. BioMed Chem Lett 3: 387–396
Pinilla C, Appel JR, Blanc P, Houghten RA (1992) Rapid identification of high affinity peptide ligands using positional scanning synthetic peptide combinatorial libraries. BioTechniques 13: 901–905
Pinilla C, Appel JR, Houghten RA (1993). Functional importance of amino acid residues making up peptide antigenic determinants. Mol. Immunol. 30: 577–585
Reineke U, Sabat R, Kramer A, Stigler RD, Seifert M, Michel T, Volk HD, Schneider-Mergener J (1996) Mapping of protein-protein contact sites using cellulose-bound peptide scans. Mol Diversity 1: 141–148
Reineke U, Sabat R, Volk HD, Schneider-Mergener J (1998a) Mapping of the interleukin-10/interleukin10 receptor combining site. Prot Sci 7: 951–960
Reineke U, Ehrhard B, Sabat R, Volk HD, Schneider-Mergener J (1998b) Novel strategies for discontinuous epitope mapping using cellulose-bound peptide and hybritope scans. In: Ramage R, Epton R (eds) Peptides 1996, Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth European Peptide Symposium. Mayflower Scientific Ltd., Kingswinford
Reineke U, Bhargava S, Schutkowski M, Landgraf C, Germeroth L, Fischer G, Schneider-Mergener J (1999) Spatial addressable fluorescence-quenched peptide libraries for the identification and characterization of protease substrates. In: Bajusz S, Hudesz S (eds) Peptides 1998, Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth European Peptide Symposium. Mayflower Scientific Ltd., Kingswinford
Reuter M, Schneider-Mergener J, Kupper D, Meisel A, Mackeldanz P, Krüger D, Schroeder C (1999) ECORII DNA target recognition sites identified by membrane-bound peptide repertoires. J Biol Chem 274: 5213–5221
Rüdiger S, Germeroth L, Schneider-Mergener J, Bukau B (1997) Substrate specificity of the DnaK chaperone determined by screening of cellulose-bound peptide libraries. EMBO J 16: 1501–1507
Schneider-Mergener J, Kramer A, Reineke U (1996) Peptide libraries bound to continuous cellulose membranes: Tools to study molecular recognition. In: Cortese R (ed) Combinatorial Libraries. W. de Gruyter, Berlin
Strop P (1994). Synthetic combinatorial peptide libraries: a powerful tool for basic research and drug discovery. METHODS (Comp Meth Enzymol) 6: 351–353
Tegge WJ, Frank R (1998) Analysis of protein kinase substrate specificity by the use of peptide libraries on cellulose paper ( SPOT-method ). Meth Mol Biol 87: 99–106
Toomik R, Edlund M, Ek P, Obrink B, Engstrom L (1996) Simultaneously synthesized peptides on continuous cellulose membranes as substrates for protein kinases. Pept Res 9: 6–11
Volkmer-Engert R, Hoffmann B, Schneider-Mergener J (1997) Stable attachment of the HMB linker to continuous cellulose membranes for parallel solid phase spot synthesis. Tetrahedron Lett 38: 1029–1032
Weiergräber O, Schneider-Mergener J, Grötzinger J, Wollmer A, Köster A, Exner M, Heinrich PC (1996) Use of immobilized synthetic peptides for the identification of contact sites between human inter-1 ukin-6 and its receptor. FEBS Lett 379: 122–126
Wucherpfennig KW, Strominger JL (1995) Molecular mimicry in T-cell-mediated autoimmunity: Viral peptides activate human T cell clones specific for myelin basic protein. Cell 80: 695–705
Zdanov A, Schalk-Hihi C, Wlodawer A (1996) Crystal structure of human interleukin-10 at 1.6A resolution and a model of a complex with its soluble receptor. Prot Sci 5: 1955–1962
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Reineke, U., Kramer, A., Schneider-Mergener, J. (1999). Antigen Sequence- and Library-Based Mapping of Linear and Discontinuous Protein—Protein-Interaction Sites by Spot Synthesis. In: Famulok, M., Winnacker, EL., Wong, CH. (eds) Combinatorial Chemistry in Biology. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 243. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60142-2_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60142-2_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64274-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-60142-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive