Abstract
In the early days of the HIV epidemic, the oral mucosa was regarded as a frequent site for HIV virus-related lesions but, as with many other features of this disease, opinion has changed, and most of these infections, neoplasms, drug reactions, and other groups of diseases are now considered “unusual” in HIV-infected patients. Classic or atypical forms of many diseases may develop inside the mouth in association with HIV infection. Some are regarded as markers of immune status, especially related to circulating CD4 + T-lymphocytes, while others are seen as indicators of HIV infection on apparently healthy individuals, thus leading to its diagnosis. Early adequate diagnosis of these oral lesions is relevant for early treatment and, to a certain extent, for a better prognosis.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Boshoff C, Whitby D, Talbot S, Weiss RA. Etiology of AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma and lymphoma. Oral Dis 1997; 3[Suppl 1]: S129-S132
Dobleman TJ, Scher N, Goldman M. Invasive histoplasmosis of the mandible. Head Neck 1989; 11:81–84
Epstein JB Management of oral Kaposi’s sarcoma and a proposal for clinical staging. Oral Dis 1997; 3[Suppl 1]: S124–S128
Epstein JB, Silverman S Jr. Head and neck malignancies associated with HIV infection. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1992; 73:193–200
Epstein JB, Lozada-Nur F, McLeod A, Spinelli J. Oral Kaposi’s sarcoma in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Cancer 1989; 64:2424–2430
Epstein JB, Fatahzadeh M, Matisic J, Anderson G. Exfoliative cytology and electron microscopy in the diagnosis of hairy leukoplakia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1995; 79:564–569
Flaitz CM, Nichols CM, Adler-Storthz K, Hicks MJ. Intraoral squamous cell carcinoma in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1995; 80:55–62
Grbric JT, Mitchell-Lewis DA, Fine JB et al. The relationship of candidiasis to linear gingival erythema in HIV-infected homosexual men and parenteral drug users. J Periodontal 1995; 66:30–37
Green TL, Eversole LR. Oral lymphomas in HIV-infected patients: association with Epstein-Barr virus DNA. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1989; 67:437–442
Greenspan D, Greenspan JS, Schiodt M, Pindborg JJ. Aids and the mouth — diagnosis and management of oral lesions. Copenhagen: Munsksgaard, 1990; 85–145
Itin PH, Lautenschlager S. Viral lesions of the mouth in HIV-infected patients. Dermatology, 1997; 194:1–7
Johnson NW. Essential questions concerning periodontal diseases in HIV infection. Oral Dis 1997; 3[Suppl 1]: S138–S140
Mabruk MJEMF, Flint SR, Toner M et al. In situ hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the analysis of biopsies and exfoliative cytology specimens for definitive diagnosis of oral hairy leukoplakia. J Oral Pathol Med 1994; 23:302–308
Mao EJ, Smith CJ. Detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in oral smears from healthy individuals and patients with squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 1993; 22:12–17
Ravina A, Ficarra G, Chiolo M et al. Relationship of circulating CD+ 4 T lymphocytes and p24 antigenemia to the risk of developing AIDS in HIV-infected subjects with oral hairy leukoplakia. J Oral Pathol Med 1996; 25:108–111
Regezi JA, Eversole LR, Barker BF, Rick GM, Silverman S. Herpes simplex and cytomegalovirus coinfected oral ulcers in HIV-positive patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1996; 81:55–62
Reichart PA. Oral pathology of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and orofacial Kaposi’s sarcoma. Curr Top Pathol 1996; 90:97–123
Reichhart PA, Langford-Kuntz A, Pohle H-D. Epidemic orofacial Kaposi’s sarcoma (eKS) - report on 124 cases. Oral Oncol Eur J Cancer 1993; 296:187–189
Robinson PG, Challacombe SJ, Sheimann JM, Zakrzewska JM. Is erythematous candidiasis associated with advanced HIV disease? Oral Dis 1997; 3[Suppl 1]: S116–S118
Scully C, de Almeida OP, Sposto MR. The deep mycoses in HIV infection. Oral Dis 1997; 3[Suppl 1]: S200–S207
Tirelli U, Franceschi S, Carbone A. Malignant tumours in patients with HIV infection. Br Med J 1994; 308:1148–1153
Van der Waal I. Some unusual oral lesions in HIV infection: comments on the current classification. Oral Dis 1997; 3[Suppl 1]: S197–S199
Zakrzewska JM. Overview: Kaposi’s sarcoma, oral neoplasms. Oral Dis 1997; 3[Suppl 1]: S122–123
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ramos-e-Silva, M., Trope, B.M. (1999). Oral Lesions in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In: Lotti, T.M., Parish, L.C., Rogers, R.S. (eds) Oral Diseases. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59821-0_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59821-0_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64138-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-59821-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive