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Bewegungsstörungen bei Multipler Sklerose

  • Conference paper
Multiple Sklerose

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Zusammenfassung

Bei der Darstellung von Bewegungsstörungen im Rahmen der Multiplen Sklerose muss man zunächst festlegen, welche motorischen Phänomene in diesem Zusammenhang als Bewegungsstörungen angesehen werden sollen. Die folgende Übersicht zeigt den Versuch einer Klassifikation der Bewegungsstörungen. Danach können Bewegungsstörungen eingeteilt werden in hypokinetische Formen, bei denen es zu einer verminderten Muskelaktivität kommt, in hyperkinetische Formen, bei denen eine gesteigerte Muskelaktivität auftritt, und in gemischte Formen, bei denen gleichzeitig eine verminderte und eine gesteigerte Muskelaktivität zu beobachten ist. Die wichtigsten hypokinetischen Bewegungsstörungen sind Bradykinese und Hypokinese, die bis zu akinetischen Krisen und zum Freezing führen können. Katatonie, Kataplexie, apraktische Störungen, kallosale Bewegungsstörungen und Fatigue werden klassischerweise nicht als hypokinetische Bewegungsstörungen angesehen, obwohl es auch hier zu einer Verminderung von Muskelaktivitäten kommt. Zu den hyperkinetischen Bewegungsstörungen werden Dystonie, Chorea, Athetose, Ballismus, Tremor, Myoklonus, Tics, Stereotypien, Akathisie, Restless-Legs-Syndrom, Myokymie und Myorhythmie gezählt. Spastik, Spasmen, Rigor, Hyperekplexie, Stiff-Person-Syndrom, Ataxie, Synkinesien und Spasmus hemifacialis werden klassischerweise nicht als hyperkinetische Bewegungsstörungen aufgefasst, obwohl auch hier Muskelüberaktivitäten auftreten.

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Authors
  1. D. Dressler
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  2. R. Benecke
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  3. U. K. Zettl
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Universität Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18055, Rostock, Germany

    Uwe K. Zettl  & Eilhard Mix PhD  & 

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© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Dressler, D., Benecke, R., Zettl, U.K. (2001). Bewegungsstörungen bei Multipler Sklerose. In: Zettl, U.K., Mix, E. (eds) Multiple Sklerose. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59453-3_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59453-3_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-41121-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-59453-3

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