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Neurogene Muskelveränderungen und -erkrankungen

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Neuropathologie

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Zusammenfassung

Die Einflüsse des Nervensystems auf den Skelettmuskel sind vielfältig. Heredodegenerative Erkrankungen des peripheren und motorischen Neurons mit progressiver „spinaler“ oder „neuraler“ Muskelatrophie sind zu unterscheiden von nichthereditären, traumatischen, entzündlichen und anderen Schädigungen des peripheren motorischen Neurons. Auch Schädigungen des peripheren und zentralen Neurons oder nur des zentralen motorischen Neurons sowie des extrapyramidalmotorischen Systems bzw. übergeordneter Zentren der Tonusregulation bewirken Veränderungen im Muskel. Außerdem bleiben Störungen der sensorischen Afferenz, d.h. der peripheren und zentralen reflektorischen Kontrollmechanismen, nicht ohne Auswirkungen. Umgekehrt führen Muskelfasernekrosen und andere Veränderungen an den Muskelfasern selbst zu Rückwirkungen auf das Nervensystem, insbesondere auf die Nervenendigungen und die sog. terminale und ultraterminale Innervation. Schließlich kommt es bei Regenerations- und Reinnervationsvorgängen zu komplexen funktionellen und strukturellen Wechselwirkungen zwischen Nervensystem und Muskel, die noch nicht in allen Details aufgeklärt sind.

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Authors
  1. J. M. Schröder
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Haldenbachstr. 17, 72074, Tübingen, Germany

    Jürgen Peiffer (Nervenarzt und Neuropathologe ehem. Direktor des Institutes für Hirnforschung der Universität) (Nervenarzt und Neuropathologe ehem. Direktor des Institutes für Hirnforschung der Universität)

  2. Institut für Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinikum der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany

    J. Michael Schröder

  3. Institut für Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Domagkstr. 19, 48149, Münster, Germany

    Werner Paulus

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Schröder, J.M. (2002). Neurogene Muskelveränderungen und -erkrankungen. In: Peiffer, J., Schröder, J.M., Paulus, W. (eds) Neuropathologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59371-0_43

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59371-0_43

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-63951-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-59371-0

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