Abstract
Ninety-five percent of automobile commuters in the United States park free at work. To deal with the traffic congestion and air pollution caused by parking subsidies, California law now requires many employers to offer employees the option to cash out their parking subsidies. Similar Federal legislation has been proposed. This nationwide survey found that employers in the United States offer employees 84.8 million free parking spaces. Employers own 65.3 million of these free parking spaces, and rent the other 19.5 million. Employers of fewer than twenty employees provide more than half of all employer-paid parking spaces.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Center for Urban Transportation Research. (1989). Factors Related to Transit Use, Tampa: University of South Florida.
Commuter Transportation Services, Inc. (1994). State of the Commute Report 1994, Los Angeles: Commuter Transportation Services, Inc.
Ernst and Young. (1992). Regulation XV Cost Survey, Diamond Bar, California: South Coast Air Quality Management District, August.
Green, Kenneth. (1994). Costs of Compliance with Environmental Regulations: A Case Study of Rule 1501 Compliance Efforts at Five Hughes Aircraft Company Business Units, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles.
Ferguson, Erik. (1991). “Ridesharing, Firm Size, and Urban Form,” Journal of Planning Education and Research, Winter.
Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. (1984). 1984 Trans-Hudson Auto Survey, New York: Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.
Shoup, Donald. (1992). Cashing Out Employer-Paid Parking, Report No. FTA-CA-11-0035092-1, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation.
Shoup, Donald. (1995). “An Opportunity to Reduce Minimum Parking Requirements,” Journal of the American Planning Association, Winter, pp. 14–28.
Shoup, Donald and Don Pickrell. (1980).Free Parking as a Transportation Problem, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation.
Williams, Jon. (1991). “Free and Paid Commuter Parking in the Washington Region,” paper presented at the Transportation Research Board 71st Annual Meeting, Washington, DC.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Shoup, D.C., Breinholt, M.J. (1997). Employer-Paid Parking: A Nationwide Survey of Employers’ Parking Subsidy Policies. In: Greene, D.L., Jones, D.W., Delucchi, M.A. (eds) The Full Costs and Benefits of Transportation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59064-1_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59064-1_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-63123-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-59064-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive