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Retinoids and Immunity

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Retinoids

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 139))

Abstract

Nearly 80years ago at the University of Wisconsin, Mc Collum and Davis (1913) discovered a lipophilic, growth-supportings ubstance, and Steenbock et al. (1921) reported that rats ingesting a diet devoid of this substance, vitamin A, often died of respiratory infections. The increased morbidity and mortality due to infection was quickly confirmed in vitamin A deficient (VAD) rabbits, pigeons, and humans (Werkman 1923; Green and Mellanby 1928). Mortality from infection occurred before vitamin A deficiency signs (xerophthalmia, keratinization) appeared (Boynton and Bradford 1931; Mc Coy 1934). These early reports showing a causal relationship between vitamin A deficiency and predisposition to infection began to establish the cycle of malnutrition and infection (Fig. 1). Greene(1933) documented poor antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) responses in VAD animals, and Bresse etal. (1942) discovered a causal relationship between infection and vitamin A depletion, completing the cycle. The challenge was then and is now to elucidate the molecular basis for the cycle of vitamin A deficiency, immune dysfunction, and infection, and to interrupt the cycle with nutritional intervention.

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Authors
  1. C. E. Hayes
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  2. F. E. Nashold
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  3. F. Enrique Gomez
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  4. K. A. Hoag
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Toxicology Center of Food Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Bischofholer Damm, D-30173, Hannover, Germany

    Heinz Nau

  2. Department of Medicine Division of Preventive Medicine & Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA

    William S. Blaner Ph.D.

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© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Hayes, C.E., Nashold, F.E., Gomez, F.E., Hoag, K.A. (1999). Retinoids and Immunity. In: Nau, H., Blaner, W.S. (eds) Retinoids. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 139. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58483-1_21

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58483-1_21

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-63614-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-58483-1

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