Zusammenfassung
Nach dem fast völligen Verschwinden der Poliomyelitis ist das Guillain-Bar-ré-Syndrom (GBS) die häufigste Ursache akuter peripherer Lähmungen in der westlichen Welt geworden. Die jährliche Inzidenz liegt zwischen 1 und 2 Fällen/100 000 Einwohner mit leichter Bevorzugung des männlichen Geschlechts. Initial wird häufig über periphere sensible Reizerscheinungen geklagt. Dann treten innerhalb kurzer Zeit motorische Ausfälle auf. Diese sind zunächst an den Extremitäten distal akzentuiert, können sich aber wegen der Mitbeteiligung der Spinalwurzeln auch rasch auf proximale Muskeln ausdehnen:
Rasch aufsteigende Lähmungen sind typisch.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Weiterführende Literatur
Buchwald B, Weishaupt A, Toyka KV, Dudel J (1998) Pre-and postsynaptic blockade of neu-romuscular transmission by Miller-Fisher syndrome IgG at mouse motor nerve terminals. Eur J Neurosci 10:281–290.
Buchwald B, Dudel J, Zielasek J, Weishaupt A, Schweiger S, Toyka KV (1998) Neuromuscu-lar blockade by IgG antibodies from patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Ann Neurol 44:913–922.
Dutch Guillain-Barré Study Group (1994) Treatment of Guillain-Barré syndrome with high-dose immune globulins combined with methylprednisolone: a pilot study. Ann Neurol 35:749–752.
Dyck PJ, Litchy WJ, Kratz KM et al. (1994) A plasma exchange vs. immune globulin infusion trial in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Ann Neurol 36:838–845.
Enders U, Karch H, Toyka KV et al. (1993) The spectrum of immune responses to campylo-bacter jejuni and glycoconjugates in Guillain-Barré syndrome and in other neuroimmu-nological disorders. Ann Neurol 34:136–144.
Flachenecker P, Wermuth P, Hartung HP, Reiners K (1997) Quantitative assessment of cardiovascular autonomic function in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Ann Neurol 42:171–179.
French Cooperative Group on Plasma Exchange in Guillain-Barré-Syndrome (1987) Efficiency of plasma exchange in Guillain-Barré syndrome: role of replacement fluids. Ann Neurol 22:753–761.
French Cooperative Group on Plasma Exchange in Guillain-Barré-Syndrome (1997) Appropriate number of plasma exchanges in Guillain-Barré syndrome [see comments]. Ann Neurol 41:298–306.
Gold R, Härtung HP (1993) Therapie von Immunneuropathien. Akt Neurol 20:147–160.
Guillain-Barré-Syndrome Steroid Trial Group (1993) Double-blind trial of intravenous methylprednisolone in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Lancet 341:586–590.
Hadden RDM, Cornblath DR, Hughes RAC et al. (1998) Electrophysiological classification of Guillain-Barré syndrome: clinical associations and outcome. Ann Neurol 44:780–788.
Härtung HP, Pollard JD, Harvey GK, Toyka KV (1995) Immunopathogenesis and treatment of the Guillain-Barré syndrome — part I and part II. Muscle Nerve 18:137–164.
Ho TW, Hsieh ST, Nachamkin I et al. (1997) Motor nerve terminal degeneration provides a potential mechanism for rapid recovery in acute motor axonal neuropathy after Campylobacter infection [see comments]. Neurology 48:717–724.
Hughes RAC (1990) Guillain-Barré syndrome. Springer, London Berlin Heidelberg.
Hughes RAC, Swan AV, Cornblath DR et al. (1997) Randomised trial of plasma exchange, intravenous immunoglobulin, and combined treatments in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Lancet 349:225–230.
Jacobs BC, Endtz H, van der Meché FGA et al. (1995) Serum anti-GQ1b IgG antibodies recognize surface epitopes on campylobacter jejuni from patients with Miller Fisher syndrome. Ann Neurol 37:260–264.
Kiefer R, Kieseier BC, Brück W, Härtung H-P, Toyka KV (1998) Macrophage differentiation antigens in acute and chronic autoimmune polyneuropathies. Brain 121:469–479.
Li CY, Xue P, Tian WQ, Liu RC, Yang C (1996) Experimental campylobacter jejuni infection in the chicken: An animal model of axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 61:279–284.
Ropper AH (1992) The Guillain-Barré syndrome. N Engl J Med 326:1130–1136.
Schmidt B, Toyka KV, Kiefer R, Full J, Härtung HP, Pollard J (1996) Inflammatory infiltrates in sural nerve biopsies in Guillain-Barré syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy. Muscle Nerve 19:474–487.
Stängel M, Härtung HP, Marx P, Gold R (1997) Side effects of high-dose intravenous immu-noglobulins. Clin Neuropharmacol 20:385–393.
Stängel M, Toyka KV, Gold R (1998) Mechanisms of high dose intravenous immunoglobu-lins in demyelinating diseases. Arch Neurol (in press).
Toyka KV, Härtung HP (1996) Chronic inflammatory polyneuritis and related neuropathies. Curr Opin Neurol 9:240–250.
Van der Meche FGA, Schmitz PIM, and the Dutch Guillain-Barré Study Group (1992) A randomized trial comparing intravenous immune globulin and plasma exchange in Guillain-Barré syndrome. N Engl J Med 326:1123–1129.
Weiß H, Ravtan V, Müllges W, Toyka KV (1999) Psychotic symptoms and emotional distress in patients suffering from acute Guillain-Barré syndrome (in Vorbereitung).
Winer JB, Hughes RAC, Osmond C (1988) A prospective study of acute idiopathic neuropathy. I: Clinical features and their prognostic value. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 51:605–612.
Yuki N, Taki T, Inagaki F, Kasama T, Takahashi M, Saito K et al. (1993) A bacterium lipopo-lysaccharide that elicits Guillain-Barré syndrome has a GM1 ganglioside-like structure. J Exp Med 178:1771–1775.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gold, R., Müllges, W., Toyka, K.V. (1999). Guillain-Barré-Syndrom und chronische entzündliche demyelinisierende Polyradikuloneuritis. In: Schwab, S., Krieger, D., Müllges, W., Hamann, G., Hacke, W. (eds) Neurologische Intensivmedizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58415-2_35
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58415-2_35
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-63583-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-58415-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive